Flufenacet

363.33

363.33

604-290-5

OL44PP5145

DTXSID2032552

White to tan solid|White solid

2934999010

83.56000

3.98

1.312 g/cm³

75-77 °C

401.5±55.0 °C at 760 mmHg

196.6±31.5 °C

1.538

In water, 56 mg/L (pH 4) at 25 deg C; 56 mg/L (pH 7) at 25 deg C; 54 mg/L (pH 9) at 25 deg C

0-6°C

6.75X10-7 mm Hg at 20 deg C (6.0X10-2 mPa at 20 deg C)

Mercaptan-like odor

Henry's Law constant = 5.76X10-9 atm-cu m/mol at 25 °C (est)

Does not dissociate

Stable to hydrolysis at pH 5-9; Stable to photolysis at pH 5|Hydroxyl radical reaction rate constant = 1.75X10-11 cu cm/molec-sec at 25 °C (est)

Non-corrosive to equipment and metal surfaces

UN 3077

22-43-48/22-50/53

13-24-37-60-61

AC2845000

Xn,N

Stable at normal warehouse temperatures. Corroded tinplate, steel & brass. Did not corrode aluminum & stainless steel.

P273-P280-P301 + P312 + P330-P333 + P313-P391-P501

H302-H317-H373-H410

SRP: The most favorable course of action is to use an alternative chemical product with less inherent propensity for occupational harm/injury/toxicity or environmental contamination. Recycle any unused portion of the material for its approved use or return it to the manufacturer or supplier. Ultimate disposal of the chemical must consider: the material's impact on air quality; potential migration in soil or water; effects on animal and plant life; and conformance with environmental and public health regulations.|Container Disposal: Non-refillable container. Do not reuse or refill this container. Offer for recycling, if available. Completely empty bag into application equipment. Then dispose of empty bag in a sanitary landfill or by incineration, or if allowed by State and local authorities, by burning. If burned, stay out of smoke.. /Axiom DF Herbicide/|SRP: Wastewater from contaminant suppression, cleaning of protective clothing/equipment, or contaminated sites should be contained and evaluated for subject chemical or decomposition product concentrations. Concentrations shall be lower than applicable environmental discharge or disposal criteria. Alternatively, pretreatment and/or discharge to a permitted wastewater treatment facility is acceptable only after review by the governing authority and assurance that "pass through" violations will not occur. Due consideration shall be given to remediation worker exposure (inhalation, dermal and ingestion) as well as fate during treatment, transfer and disposal. If it is not practicable to manage the chemical in this fashion, it must be evaluated in accordance with EPA 40 CFR Part 261, specifically Subpart B, in order to determine the appropriate local, state and federal requirements for disposal.

USEPA Office of Prevention, Pesticides and Toxic Substances, Pesticide Fact Sheet for Flufenacet, Conditional Registration (April 1998).[Available from, as of October 10, 2012: http://iaspub.epa.gov/apex/pesticides/f?p=CHEMICALSEARCH:1]

|Warning|H302: Harmful if swallowed [Warning Acute toxicity, oral]|P260, P261, P264, P270, P272, P273, P280, P301+P312, P302+P352, P314, P321, P330, P333+P313, P363, P391, and P501|H302 (100%): Harmful if swallowed [Warning Acute toxicity, oral]|Aggregated GHS information provided by 333 companies from 6 notifications to the ECHA C&L Inventory. Each notification may be associated with multiple companies.|P201, P202, P261, P264, P270, P271, P272, P273, P280, P281, P301+P312, P302+P352, P304+P340, P308+P313, P312, P321, P330, P333+P313, P363, P391, P403+P233, P405, and P501

Applicators and other handlers must wear: long-sleeved shirt and long pants, chemical-resistant gloves made of any waterproof material such as polyethylene or polyvinyl chloride, shoes plus socks. /Axiom DF Herbicide/|Restricted entry interval (REI) of 12 hours following application. ... PPE required for early entry to treated areas that is permitted under the Worker Protection Standard and that involves contact with anything that has been treated, such as plants, soil, or water, is: coveralls, chemical-resistant gloves made of any waterproof material, shoes plus socks. /Axiom DF Herbicide/

Suitable Extinguishing Media: water, carbon dioxide (CO2), dry chemical, foam. /Axiom DF Herbicide/|Fire Fighting Instructions: Dike area to prevent runoff and contamination of water sources. Avoid contact with spilled product or contaminated surfaces. Keep out of smoke. Cool closed containers exposed to fire with water spray. Fight fire from upwind position. Collect contaminated fire extinguishing water separately. This must not be discharged into drains. Firefighters should wear NIOSH approved self-contained breathing apparatus and full protective clothing. /Axiom DF Herbicide/

Fire and Explosion Hazard: nitrogen oxides (NOx), hydrogen fluoride, carbon monoxide (CO), hydrogen cyanide (hydrocyanic acid), sulphur oxides. /Axiom DF Herbicide/

Use this product only in accordance with its labeling and with the Worker Protection Standard, 40 CFR part 170. /Axiom DF Herbicide/|User should: Wash hands before eating, drinking, chewing gum, using tobacco or using the toilet; Remove clothing/PPE immediately if pesticide gets inside. Then wash thoroughly and put on clean clothing; Remove PPE immediately after handling this product. Wash the outside of gloves before removing. As soon as possible, wash thoroughly and change into clean clothing. /Axiom DF Herbicide/|Follow manufacturer's instructions for cleaning/maintaining PPE. If no such instructions for washables exist, use detergent and hot water. Keep and wash PPE separately from other laundry. /Axiom DF Herbicide/|Do not apply this product in a way that will contact workers or other persons, either directly or through drift. Only protected handlers may be in the area during application.. /Axiom DF Herbicide/|For more Preventive Measures (Complete) data for FLUFENACET (7 total), please visit the HSDB record page.

LD50 Rat oral male 1365 mg/kg /FOE 5043 DF Herbicide/|LD50 Rat oral female 371 mg/kg /FOE 5043 DF Herbicide/|LD50 Rabbit dermal >5000 mg/kg /FOE 5043 DF Herbicide/|LD50 Rabbit dermal >2000 mg/kg /Axiom DF Herbicide/|For more Non-Human Toxicity Values (Complete) data for FLUFENACET (11 total), please visit the HSDB record page.

/BIRDS and MAMMALS/ Two chronic toxicity studies are available for birds. Statistically significant reductions occurred in the number of eggs laid/set, viable embryos, hatchlings, and survivors in Mallard ducks. The most sensitive endpoint was the number of 14-day hatchlings. Similarly, a statistically significant increase in the number of eggs cracked and a decrease in normal hatchlings and survivors were observed in Bobwhite Quail. The most sensitive endpoints were numbers of 14-day hatchlings, eggs cracked and normal hatchlings. Hatching survivor weight was also affected.|/AQUATIC SPECIES/ Two chronic studies are available testing chronic toxicity of flufenacet to freshwater fish. The first, an early life-stage toxicity test, was conducted using rainbow trout. Delays in growth and development of fry were demonstrated to occur at concentrations of flufenacet in water as low as 0.334 ppm. The second, a full life cycle study, used fathead minnows. No treatment-related effects were observed on embryo survival, hatching success, larval, juvenile, or adult survival of the F0 generation. In addition, no significant treatment-related effects were observed on egg production at any test level. Growth was affected by treatment with flufenacet: the most sensitive endpoint was adult male weight at test termination (Day 254), with a NOAEC of 0.075 ppm a.i. Growth was also affected at the 1.211 ppm a.i. level 4 wk post-hatch in the filial generation. No other treatment-related effects were observed on hatching success, or egg or alevin/fry survival. Based on the male test termination weights of the F0 generation, the NOAEC and LOAEC are 0.075 and 0.138 ppm a.i., respectively.

Fulfenacet's production may result in its release to the environment through various waste streams; it's use as a herbicide(1) will result in its direct release to the environment(SRC).

TERRESTRIAL FATE: Based on a classification scheme(1), Koc values of 113 to 4602(2-3), indicate that flufenacet is expected to have high to slight mobility in soil(SRC). However, various field studies have shown that flufenacet does not leach below 15 cm of the top soil(4-5). Volatilization of flufenacet from moist soil surfaces is not expected to be an important fate process(SRC) given an estimated Henry's Law constant of 5.8X10-9 atm-cu m/mole(SRC), based upon its vapor pressure, 6.75X10-7 mm Hg(6), and water solubility, 56 mg/L(6). Half-lives for aerobic microbial degradation of flufenacet range from 10 to 34 days in varying soil types at approximately 1.0 ppm at 20-21 °C(2). Under anaerobic conditions (flooded soil) for a 6 month incubation period, flufenacet had a half-life of 240 days; however, most of the flufenacet dissipated by binding to the soil matrix(7). Flufenacet is not expected to volatilize from dry soil surfaces(SRC) based upon its vapor pressure(6). In sandy loam soil surface tests, using a flufenacet concentration of 6.2 ppm at 25 °C and artificial sunlight, the photodegradation half-life was observed as >30 days(2).|TERRESTRIAL FATE: Dissipation of flufenacet was studied under laboratory conditions in three types of soil at different concentrations and soil moisture content(1). Flufenacet half-lives were reported as 10.1 to 22.3 days in Delhi soil (0.864% organic matter, pH 7.69, 77.5% sand, 17.5% silt, 5.0% clay), 10.5 to 24.1 days in Ranchi soil (0.072% organic matter, pH 5.54, 60.0% sand, 8.7% silt, 31.3% clay), and 29.2 to 31.0 days in Nagpur soil (0.688% organic matter, pH 8.25, 40.0% sand, 16.3% silt, 43.7% clay)(1).|TERRESTRIAL FATE: Distribution of radioactive flufenacet residues from Fresno topsoil (0-3 cm). Degradates include flufenacet alcohol, flufenacet oxalate, flufenacet sulfonic acid, and others that were not identified(1).[Table#6624]|TERRESTRIAL FATE: Distribution of radioactive flufenacet residues from Chualar topsoil (0-3 cm). Degradates include flufenacet alcohol, flufenacet oxalate, flufenacet sulfonic acid, and others that were not identified(1).[Table#6625]|For more Environmental Fate (Complete) data for FLUFENACET (6 total), please visit the HSDB record page.

The rate constant for the vapor-phase reaction of flufenacet with photochemically-produced hydroxyl radicals has been estimated as 1.7X10-11 cu cm/molecule-sec at 25 °C(SRC) using a structure estimation method(1). This corresponds to an atmospheric half-life of about 22 hours at an atmospheric concentration of 5X10+5 hydroxyl radicals per cu cm(1). Flufenacet is not expected to undergo hydrolysis in the environment due to the lack of functional groups that hydrolyze under environmental conditions(2). Flufenacet contains chromophores that absorb at wavelengths >290 nm(2) and, therefore, may be susceptible to direct photolysis by sunlight(SRC). Flufenacet had a photodegradation half-life of >30 days in sterile water at pH 5.0 and 25 °C using artificial sunlight(3). In sandy loam soil surface tests, using a flufenacet concentration of 6.2 ppm at 25 °C and artificial sunlight, the photodegradation half-life was also observed as >30 days(3).

An estimated BCF of 60 was calculated in fish for flufenacet(SRC), using a log Kow of 3.20(1) and a regression-derived equation(2). According to a classification scheme(3), this BCF suggests the potential for bioconcentration in aquatic organisms is moderate(SRC).

Flufenacet Koc values have been measured: 613 in sand (0.3% organic matter, 5% clay, pH 5); 742 in sandy loam (0.4% organic matter, 7.5% clay, pH 6,4); 354 in sandy loam (2.4% organic matter, 5% clay, pH 6.4); 213 in silt loam (2.9% organic matter, 17% clay, pH 5.9); 233 in clay loam (2.2% organic matter, 29% clay, pH 6.4); 113 in loam (7.3% organic matter, 8% clay, pH 7.1); and 144 in silt loam (4.7% organic matter, 24% clay, pH 7.3)(1). Koc values were also reported as: 1802 in sandy loam (7% clay, 38% silt, 55% sand, 1.72% organic matter, pH 7.0); 1231 in clay loam (36% clay, 45% loam, 19% sand, 2.12% organic matter, pH 6.6); 4602 in loamy sand (10% clay, 11% silt, 79% sand, 1.60% organic matter, pH 6.4); and 1257 in silt loam (14% clay, 75% silt, 11% sand, 1.2% organic matter, pH 6.7)(2). According to a classification scheme(3), the measured Koc range of 113 to 4602 suggests that flufenacet is expected to have high to slight mobility in soil. Flufenacet had Kd values of 1.57 to 4.43 in alluvial soil from Delhi (pH 7.1, 0.34% organic carbon, 19.7% clay, 64.7% sand, 15.6% silt)(4). In a Belgium corn field study using sandy loam soil (2.2% organic matter), most of the applied flufenacet remained in the 0-10 cm surface soil layer; traces were detected in the 10-15 cm soil layer during the 2 to 3 month period after treatment; flufenacet was never detected in the 15-20 cm soil layer(5).|An outdoor soil study with [phenyl-U-14C]flufenacet was conducted in two sandy loams collected from Chualar and Fresno sites in California. Plots were treated with an equivalent rate of 0.89 lb/acre. Samples were collected up to 88 days after treatment. Soil characteristics for Chualar soil are 1.3% organic matter, 70.0% sand, 18.0% silt, 12.0% clay, pH 6.4; for Fresno soil 0.5% organic matter, 64.7% sand, 31.3% silt, 4.0% clay, pH 7.5. Bound residues at depths of 3 to 13 cm were measured in both soils starting at day 15; Fresno soil (day:% bound residue) 15:8.9, 19:6.6, 27:11.6, 35:15.6, 46:6.9, 88:22.1; Chualar soil (day:% bound residue) 15:11.1, 19:12.7, 27:6.0, 35:1.0, 46:5.1, 88:6.3(1).

The Henry's Law constant for flufenacet is estimated as 5.8X10-9 atm-cu m/mole(SRC) derived from its vapor pressure, 6.75X10-7 mm Hg(1), and water solubility, 56 mg/L(1). This Henry's Law constant indicates that flufenacet is expected to be essentially nonvolatile from moist soil and water surfaces(2). Flufenacet is not expected to volatilize from dry soil surfaces(SRC) based upon its vapor pressure(1).

RAIN WATER: Rainfall samples from four intensively agricultural watersheds (Maryland, Indiana, Nebraska, California) tested positive for flufenacet in 4% of the 52 samples collected in 2003 and 2004 with a maximum concentration of 0.05 ug/L measured in Nebraska on May 4, 2004(1).

Occupational exposure to flufenacet may occur through inhalation of dust and dermal contact with this compound at workplaces where flufenacet is produced or used. (SRC)

A rat metab study showed that radiolabeled flufenacet was rapidly absorbed & metabolized by both sexes. Urine was the major route of excretion at all dose levels & smaller amounts were excreted via the feces. A max of 7% of admin dose was found in the tissue & residual carcass. 39 metabolites were detected in excreta & 23 were positively identified.

Treatment with FOE 5043 at a rate of 1000 ppm as a dietary admixture was found to significantly increase the clearance of (125I)T4 from the serum, suggesting an enhanced excretion of the hormone. In the liver, the activity of hepatic uridine glucuronosyl transferase, a major pathway of thyroid hormone biotransformation in the rat, increased in a statistically significant and dose-dependent manner; conversely, hepatic 5'-monodeiodinase activity trended downward with dose. Bile flow as well as the hepatic uptake and biliary excretion of (125I)T4 were increased following exposure to FOE 5043. Thyroidal function, as measured by the discharge of iodide ion in response to perchlorate, and pituitary function, as measured by the capacity of the pituitary to secrete thyrotropin in response to an exogenous challenge by hypothalamic thyrotropin releasing hormone, were both unchanged from the controlled response.|A rat metab study showed that radiolabeled flufenacet was rapidly absorbed & metabolized by both sexes. ... A max of 7% of admin dose was found in the tissue & residual carcass. 39 metabolites were detected in excreta & 23 were positively identified.

/SRP:/ Immediate first aid: Ensure that adequate decontamination has been carried out. If patient is not breathing, start artificial respiration, preferably with a demand valve resuscitator, bag-valve-mask device, or pocket mask, as trained. Perform CPR if necessary. Immediately flush contaminated eyes with gently flowing water. Do not induce vomiting. If vomiting occurs, lean patient forward or place on the left side (head-down position, if possible) to maintain an open airway and prevent aspiration. Keep patient quiet and maintain normal body temperature. Obtain medical attention. /Poisons A and B/|/SRP:/ Basic treatment: Establish a patent airway (oropharyngeal or nasopharyngeal airway, if needed). Suction if necessary. Watch for signs of respiratory insufficiency and assist ventilations if needed. Administer oxygen by nonrebreather mask at 10 to 15 L/min. Monitor for pulmonary edema and treat if necessary ... . Monitor for shock and treat if necessary ... . Anticipate seizures and treat if necessary ... . For eye contamination, flush eyes immediately with water. Irrigate each eye continuously with 0.9% saline (NS) during transport ... . Do not use emetics. For ingestion, rinse mouth and administer 5 mL/kg up to 200 mL of water for dilution if the patient can swallow, has a strong gag reflex, and does not drool ... . Cover skin burns with dry sterile dressings after decontamination ... . /Poisons A and B/|/SRP:/ Advanced treatment: Consider orotracheal or nasotracheal intubation for airway control in the patient who is unconscious, has severe pulmonary edema, or is in severe respiratory distress. Positive-pressure ventilation techniques with a bag valve mask device may be beneficial. Consider drug therapy for pulmonary edema ... . Consider administering a beta agonist such as albuterol for severe bronchospasm ... . Monitor cardiac rhythm and treat arrhythmias as necessary ... . Start IV administration of D5W /SRP: "To keep open", minimal flow rate/. Use 0.9% saline (NS) or lactated Ringer's if signs of hypovolemia are present. For hypotension with signs of hypovolemia, administer fluid cautiously. Watch for signs of fluid overload ... . Treat seizures with diazepam or lorazepam ... . Use proparacaine hydrochloride to assist eye irrigation ... . /Poisons A and B/

flufenacet

USEPA/OPP Pesticide Code 121903; Trade Names: FOE 5043 Technical.|Dry flowable, soluble concentrate.|Emulsifiable concentrate; granule; suspension concentrate; water dispersible granule; wettable powder.|Premix Partners: Atrazine; Diflufenican; Isoxaflutole; Metosulam; Metribuzin.|For more Formulations/Preparations (Complete) data for FLUFENACET (14 total), please visit the HSDB record page.

The WHO Recommended Classification of Pesticides by Hazard identifies flufenacet (technical grade) as Class II: moderately hazardous; Main Use: herbicide.|FOE 5043 DF Herbicide formulation applied by ground only at 12 to 21 ounces per acre to corn and 7 to 12 ounces per acre to soybeans. Axiom DF Herbicide formulation applied by ground only at 13 to 23 ounces per acre to corn and 7 to 13 ounces per acre to soybeans.

Residues by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry.|Crop residues briefly oxidized and hydrolyzed by fluoroaniline by digesting the crop mixture with sulfuric acid. The fluoroaniline is separated from the crop matrix by steam distillation after making the crop digest basic. The fluoroaniline is extracted from the steam distillate and derivatized. The derivative is measured by GC/MS ion monitoring (gc/ms-sim).

Agrochemicals -> Herbicides|Herbicides|Pesticides -> Herbicides -> Amide herbicides -> Anilide herbicides|Environmental transformation -> Pesticides (parent, predecessor)

Flufenacet has known environmental transformation products that include Flufenacet ESA and Flufenacet OXA.|Flufenacet has known environmental transformation products that include FOE oxalate (Flufenacet OXA), FOE sulphonic acid (Flufenacet ESA), and M9, Flufenacet thiadone (AE 1258593).