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Home > Biochemical Engineering > Amino Acids and Proteins (Find 232 items)

Amino Acids and Proteins

Homocystine

(462-10-2)
ChEBI: An organic disulfide obtained by oxidative dimerisation of homocysteine.

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D-Glucuronic acid

(6556-12-3)
D-glucuronic acid and D-galacturonic acid are naturally occurring hexuronic acids present in glycosaminoglucans, glucuronide conjugates in mammals and in plant cell wall polysaccharides.D-Glucuronic acid exists as a component of glycosaminoglucans such as hyaluronan, heparin and chondroitin sulphate present in mammalian connective tissue such as cartilage. In the synthesis of glucuronide conjugates in mammals glucuronic acid is conjugated to xenobiotic compounds, a biosynthesis reaction known as

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1-Amino-4-bromo-9,10-dihydro-9,10-dioxo-2-anthracenesulfonic acid

(116-81-4)
Important dye intermediate. Used to manufacture acidic anthraquinone dyes, such as weak acid brilliant blue GAW, weak acid brilliant blue R, reactive brilliant blue M-BR, brilliant blue KN-R, brilliant blue K3R, brilliant blue KGR, etc.

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D-Allothreonine

(24830-94-2)
Used as biochemical reagents, nutrients

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D-Homoserine

(6027-21-0)
White to lightbyellow crystalline powder

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Cupric glycinate

(13479-54-4)
Cupric Glycinate, as an important trace element fertilizer, has been widely used in agriculture. It can effectively promote the growth and development of plants and help crops better absorb nutrients in the soil, thereby improving the yield and quality of crops. In addition, Cupric Glycinate also plays an important role in animal and human nutritional supplements, as an organic copper source, not only can improve the bioavailability of copper, but also help to enhance the immunity of animals and humans, promote metabolism, and maintain good health. Due to its good biocompatibility and low toxicity, Cupric Glycinate has also been used in food and feed additives, providing an effective way to improve the nutritional value of food and animal feeding efficiency. Therefore, Cupric Glycinate has shown its unique value and wide application prospects in many fields such as agriculture, nutritional supplements and food industry.

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Protein is the material basis of life. Without protein, there is no life. Every cell and all important components in the body have proteins involved. Amino acid (Aminoacid) is the basic unit that constitutes a protein, giving a specific molecular structure to the protein, so that his molecules have biochemical activity. Proteins are important active molecules in organisms, including enzymes and enzymes that catalyze metabolism. Different amino acids are chemically polymerized into peptides, the original fragments of a protein, which are precursors for protein production. The basic unit of protein is amino acids, which form peptide chains through dehydration and condensation. A protein is a biological macromolecule composed of one or more polypeptide chains. Each polypeptide chain has 20 to hundreds of amino acid residues; various amino acid residues are arranged in a certain order. The organelles that produce proteins are ribosomes.

Frequently Asked Questions

What are the main functions of amino acids and proteins in the human body?

Amino acids and proteins play essential roles in numerous physiological processes. Amino acids serve as the building blocks of proteins, which are crucial for tissue repair, enzyme and hormone production, immune function, and nutrient transport. Additionally, certain amino acids act as neurotransmitters or precursors to bioactive molecules. Understanding these functions is vital for applications in nutrition, pharmaceuticals, and biotechnology.

How are amino acids used in the pharmaceutical and nutraceutical industries?

In the pharmaceutical industry, amino acids are used to formulate intravenous solutions, develop therapeutic agents, and support drug delivery systems. In nutraceuticals, they are key ingredients in dietary supplements aimed at muscle recovery, cognitive health, and metabolic support. High-purity, pharma-grade amino acids must meet strict regulatory standards such as USP, EP, or JP to ensure safety and efficacy.

What is the difference between essential and non-essential amino acids?

Essential amino acids cannot be synthesized by the human body and must be obtained through diet or supplementation—examples include leucine, lysine, and valine. Non-essential amino acids, such as alanine and glutamine, can be produced endogenously. Both types are critical for protein synthesis and metabolic health, but essential amino acids are often prioritized in clinical nutrition and sports supplements due to their dietary dependency.

How are recombinant proteins produced and applied in biotechnology?

Recombinant proteins are produced by inserting target genes into host cells (e.g., E. coli, yeast, or mammalian cells) using genetic engineering techniques. These proteins are widely used in research, diagnostics, and therapeutics—including monoclonal antibodies, vaccines, and enzymes like insulin or growth hormones. Rigorous downstream processing and quality validation are required to ensure functionality, purity, and safety for biomedical applications.

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