Active Pharmaceutical Ingredients

(R)-(-)-Phenylephrine hydrochloride is a selective α1-adrenoceptor agonist with pKis of 5.86, 4.87 and 4.70 for α1D, α1B and α1A receptors respectively. More

Heparin is a highly sulfated glycosaminoglycan,that is widely used as an injectable anticoagulant, and has the highest negative charge density of any known biological molecule. More

ChEBI: A member of the class of benzimidazoles that is 1H-benzimidazole substituted by a difluoromethoxy group at position 5 and a [(3,4-dimethoxypyridin-2-yl)methyl]sulfinyl group at position 2.Pantoprazole, an irreversible proton pump inhibitor, reached its first market worldwide in Germany for acute treatment of gastric and duodenal ulcers and gastroesophageal reflux disease. Proton pump inhibitors are more effective than other strategies in inhibiting acid secretion since they functionMore

White or almost white powder.ChEBI: An L-valine derivative that is an antiretroviral drug from the protease inhibitor class used to treat HIV infection and AIDS, it is often used as a fixed-dose combination with another protease inhibitor, lopinavir. Also used in combination with dasabuvir sodium hydrate, ombitasvir and paritaprevir (under the trade name Viekira Pak) for treatment of chronic hepatitis C virus genotype 1 infection as well as cirrhosis of the liver.Norvir was launched in GermanyMore

Thiabendazole, as a member of the benzimidazole class of compounds, is unique in that it carries a 1,3-thiazole-4-yl substituent at position 2. This compound has demonstrated significant fungicidal effects in the agricultural field, particularly in the post-harvest stage, with excellent control over a range of pathogens such as Aspergillus, Botrytis, Cladosporium, and Phytophthora. Thiabendazole typically appears as a white or cream-colored odorless powder that sublimes at temperatures above 590°F and emits a bright light in acidic solutions. Its applications are widespread, and it can be applied in the form of dust, flowing powder, or water-dispersible powder to ensure systemic control of fungi and parasites. The background of the drug's development is also noteworthy. As a 2-substituted benzimidazole drug, it was first introduced in 1962 and quickly became the preferred treatment for a range of nematode infections, particularly in the treatment of strongyluria. However, Thiabendazole is not without side effects, and it may have adverse effects on the central nervous system and potentially exhibit liver toxicity, as detailed in Smith and Leonard's "Pharmacology" (1992 edition, page 919). Despite Thiabendazole's former prominence in the treatment of intestinal threadworms and strong linear worm infections, its status has been challenged in recent years with the emergence of more tolerant drugs. In particular, the potential for liver damage, while rare but potentially serious, has accelerated the development and application of alternative drugs. As for the mechanism of action of Thiabendazole, while it is not yet fully understood, studies have shown that it can inhibit the parasite-specific mitochondrial enzyme succinate dehydrogenase, thereby disrupting the citric acid cycle, mitochondrial respiration, and ATP production, ultimately leading to the death of the parasite. Additionally, Thiabendazole is thought to inhibit microtubule polymerization by binding to β-tubulin, thereby exerting ovicidal effects on certain nematodes. These findings provide valuable insights into the pharmacological action of Thiabendazole.More

Drospirenone(Dihydrospirorenone) is a synthetic progestin that is an analog to spironolactone.Target: Progesterone ReceptorDrospirenone is a novel progestin under clinical development that is similar to the natural hormone progesterone, combining potent progestogenic with antimineralocorticoid and antiandrogenic activities. drospirenone was devoid of glucocorticoid activity. Both progestins did not show any antiglucocorticoid action. Furthermore, drospirenone and progesterone both showedMore

Sertraline hydrochloride is an antidepressant of the selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI) class.Target: SSRISertraline is an antidepressant of the selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI) class. It was introduced to the market by Pfizer in 1991. Sertraline is primarily prescribed for major depressive disorder in adult outpatients as well as obsessive–compulsive, panic, and social anxiety disorders in both adults and children. In 2011, it was the second-most prescribed antidMore

Off-White PowderChEBI: 2-Amino-9H-purine in which the hydrogen at position 9 is substituted by a 4-acetoxy-3-(acetoxymethyl)but-1-yl group. A prodrug of the antiviral penciclovir, it is used for the treatment of acute herpes zoster (shingles), for the treatmen or suppression of recurrent genital herpes in immunocompetent patients and for the treatment of recurrent mucocutaneous herpes simplex infections in HIV infected patients.Famciclovir, an effective oral prodrug of the antiviral penciclovMore

Acitretin(Ro 10-1670) is a second-generation, systemic retinoid that has been used in the treatment of psoriasis.Target: RAR/RXRAcitretin is a second-generation, systemic retinoid that has been approved for the treatment of psoriasis since 1997. It can be considered one of the treatments of choice for pustular and erythrodermic psoriasis. However, the efficacy of acitretin as a monotherapy for plaque psoriasis is less, although it is often used in combination therapy with other systemicMore