Integration: New Opportunities for Agricultural Environment Discipline

In the field of agricultural green development, China has lagged behind in concept, technology and practice. Acknowledging backwardness is a scientific attitude. In the era of big science, a single discipline can no longer solve practical problems. A real solution must be comprehensive. Especially in the intersection period of the scientific and technological revolution, industrial transformation and the transformation of China's agricultural modernization, how to integrate the subject of agricultural environment is a subject for all the people of agricultural environment. What aspects and key links in the field of agricultural environment should, can and how should we provide scientific and technological support for agricultural environmental scientists and technicians? Mei Xurong, Vice President of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences and Director of the Agrometeorological Branch of the Chinese Agricultural Society, interviewed the Chinese Journal of Science at the 13th Summit of Agricultural Environmental Sciences held in Boao, Hainan recently, and put forward the key issues for the development of the subject of agricultural environment.

Mei Xurong believed that highlighting the green orientation of agriculture and sustainable development of agricultural and rural environment, developing the basic frontier of agricultural environment and forecasting the development of science and technology in the medium and long term are the needs of promoting original innovation in this field, the fundamental motive force and source of promoting the green development of agriculture, and the indispensable article for building a world-class discipline. Parts. At the

meeting, experts from all over the country in the field of agricultural environment focused on the frontier and technology prediction of agricultural environmental science and technology, the evaluation and shortcomings of agricultural environmental science and technology development, the green development technology of agriculture and rural areas, products and models, and formed the "14th Five-Year Plan" and medium and long-term development proposals of agricultural environmental science and technology.

Under the new situation, the protection of agricultural ecological environment in China has been raised to an unprecedented height. Li Bo, deputy director of the Science and Technology Education Department of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Areas, pointed out that, on the whole, China's ecological environment quality has been improving steadily and steadily, but the results are not stable. The construction of ecological civilization is in the critical stage, the key stage and the window stage of "three phases" parallel. Heavy metal pollution, nitrogen and phosphorus loss from agriculture, livestock and poultry wastes pollution, straw treatment, plastic film residue pollution and climate change still exist. Luo Liangguo, a researcher at the Institute of Agricultural Environment and Sustainable Development of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (hereinafter referred to as the Institute of Environmental Development), participated in the key project of consultation and research of the Chinese Academy of Engineering, "Major Issues of Agricultural Green Development". He believes that although the state has formulated and implemented a series of plans, the effect of agricultural environmental control seems not significant. The survey of 2017-2018 shows that the excessive input of nitrogen and phosphorus is still very prominent in the intensive farmland which accounts for 20% of the sown area in China. The uneven distribution of water resources in China, especially in the Haihe River Basin of North China Plain, has caused a series of environmental problems due to the sharpening of water resources caused by human activities. The overall focus of agricultural productivity shifted northward, the regional planting of fruits and vegetables was very obvious, the agricultural structure of all regions converged, the proportion of grain planting in all regions was relatively high, there were many duplicates at low and middle levels in agricultural production layout, fewer high-quality production projects, and the regional planting and feeding layout did not match the regional resource carrying capacity and environmental capacity. The existence of such problems is not conducive to the improvement of the ecological environment.

"There are many single technological achievements, which have good application effect in core demonstration areas and high-standard fields, but there is a great lack of suitable integration technology/mode in the region, and there is also a lack of customized zoning and classification technology for farmers, which is suitable for farmers'cognition and direct application. As a result, the control effect of agricultural non-point source pollution is good in the field scale, but difficult in the regional/watershed scale. Luo Liangguo said.

He further pointed out that the root causes of the above problems lie in the absence of legislation on environmental control of agricultural green development in China; the absence of technical system of agricultural environmental benchmark standards; the lag in the establishment of ecological environment protection policies to promote green development of agriculture; the imperfection of the safeguard mechanism to ensure green development of agriculture; and, at the same time, the existing agriculture. Science and technology do not match the demand for environmental management and control of green development. In the face of complex agricultural environmental problems, Mei Xurong believes that the development of agricultural environmental science and technology needs to focus on strategic needs first, analyze the current situation and trends of agricultural environmental science and technology, identify the technical shortcomings in the field of agricultural environment, and identify the key technologies that need to break through. Secondly, it is urgent to establish the path of breakthrough of green key technologies such as low consumption, ecology, cost-saving, security, high quality, recycling and integrated application.

Thirdly, clarify the scientific basis for technological breakthroughs and answer basic questions at the frontier of disciplines. In such an interdisciplinary field as agricultural environmental science, we need to pay attention to the latest achievements of informatics, biology and materials science, integrate the achievements of emerging disciplines on the basis of basic disciplines, sort out the context of disciplines'theories, methods and technologies, and establish a relatively perfect scientific system of agricultural environmental science.