Tetralogy of Fallot is a common congenital heart and vascular malformation, ranking first among cyanotic congenital heart diseases. The pathological anatomical characteristics of this disease are four points: ① pulmonary artery stenosis, ② ventricular septal defect, ③ rightward deviation of the ascending aorta opening and ④ right ventricular concentric hypertrophy. In 1944, Blalock and Taussig realized that the main pathophysiological changes of tetralogy are insufficient pulmonary circulation blood flow and reduced arterial blood oxygen content, leading to cyanosis and death. Based on this, the subclavian artery-pulmonary artery shunt was created to increase pulmonary circulation blood flow and improve blood hypoxia. Subsequently, Potts, Glenn, Waterston and others successively carried out various systemic-pulmonary shunts in clinical practice. In 1948, Brock and Sellors performed closed surgery on patients with tetralogy, directly cutting the infundibulum or pulmonary valve stenosis. In 1954, Scott, and in 1955, Lillehei, Kirklin, Kay, and others successively performed radical open-heart surgery for tetralogy of pregnancy under hypothermia anesthesia and extracorporeal circulation.