Butocarboxim

190.26

190.26

252-139-3

DTXSID5058062

Pale brown, viscous liquid (tech.). Crystalline at lower temperatures. /Technical butocarboxim/

2930909051

75.99000

1.49

1.12 g/cm³ @ Temp: 20 °C

25 °C

1.505

35 g l -1 (20 °C)

1.1×10 -2 pa(20°C)

Liquid /Technical/|stable at pH 4-7

III

6.1(b)

2757

3

10-23/24/25-36-50/53

36/37-45-60-61

EL9215000

T,N

Stable at pH 5-7 (up to 50 °C), but hydrolysed by strong acids and alkalis. Stable to sunlight and oxygen. Thermally stable up to 100 °C.

P261-P273-P280-P301 + P310-P305 + P351 + P338-P311

H226-H301-H311-H319-H331-H410

SRP: The most favorable course of action is to use an alternative chemical product with less inherent propensity for occupational exposure or environmental contamination. Recycle any unused portion of the material for its approved use or return it to the manufacturer or supplier. Ultimate disposal of the chemical must consider: the material's impact on air quality; potential migration in soil or water; effects on animal, aquatic, and plant life; and conformance with environmental and public health regulations.

|Danger|H226: Flammable liquid and vapor [Warning Flammable liquids]|P210, P233, P240, P241, P242, P243, P261, P264, P270, P271, P273, P280, P301+P310, P302+P352, P303+P361+P353, P304+P340, P305+P351+P338, P311, P312, P321, P322, P330, P337+P313, P361, P363, P370+P378, P391, P403+P233, P403+P235, P405, and P501|H226 (100%): Flammable liquid and vapor [Warning Flammable liquids]|Aggregated GHS information provided by 38 companies from 1 notifications to the ECHA C&L Inventory. Each notification may be associated with multiple companies.

SRP: The scientific literature for the use of contact lenses in industry is conflicting. The benefit or detrimental effects of wearing contact lenses depend not only upon the substance, but also on factors including the form of the substance, characteristics and duration of the exposure, the uses of other eye protection equipment, and the hygiene of the lenses. However, there may be individual substances whose irritating or corrosive properties are such that the wearing of contact lenses would be harmful to the eye. In those specific cases, contact lenses should not be worn. In any event, the usual eye protection equipment should be worn even when contact lenses are in place.|The protective clothing should be kept in separate places where it cannot be contaminated with toxic chemicals. It should be forbidden to keep this clothing in living quarters. Protective clothing must be washed at least once a week and each time it is contaminated with pesticides. Before washing the clothing should be soaked for several hours in a calcium carbonate solution. /Pesticides/|Smoking, eating, and drinking before washing should be absolutely prohibited when any pesticide ... is being handled or used. /Pesticides/

Slightly irritating to skin, moderately irritating to eyes.|Carbamates produce slight to moderate skin and eye irritation, depending on the vehicle used, duration of contact, and on whether the substance is applied to the abraided or intact skin. From the available data, it cannot be excluded that some of the carbamates will have a slight to moderate sensitization potential. /Carbamate Pesticides/

LD50 Rat oral 153 mg/kg|LD50 Rabbit dermal 360 mg/kg|LC50 Rat inhalation 1 mg/l air/4 hr

/BIRDS and MAMMALS/ As a rule, birds are not very sensitive to carbamates. /Carbamate pesticides/|/BIRDS and MAMMALS/ Day-old chicks were fed on ration containing 500, 1,000, and 1,500 ppm of butocarboxim for 75 consecutive days. Blood analysis at fortnightiy intervals revealed dose dependent and progressive reduction in blood cholinesterase activity of the birds. The insecticide fed birds also showed significant elevation in serum glutamic pyruvate transaminase and urea nitrogen levels.|/AQUATIC SPECIES/ Although carbamates are not very stable under aquatic conditions, and will not persist long in this environment, some carbamates are highly toxic for invertebrates and fish, others /are/ much less /toxic/. Some /carbamates/ bioaccumulate in fish, mainly because the metabolism is slow in /these animals/. /Carbamate Pesticides/|/OTHER TERRESTRIAL SPECIES/ Toxic to bees.|/OTHER TERRESTRIAL SPECIES/ In laboratory tests the active ingredient of Co 755 proved harmless to predators such as lady bugs. The preliminary LD5O per os for bees lies at approximately 1 mug/animal.

Butocarboxim's former production in the US(1) may have resulted in its release to the environment through various waste streams; its former use as an insecticide(2) will have resulted in its direct release to the environment(SRC).

TERRESTRIAL FATE: Based on a classification scheme(1), an estimated Koc value of 37(SRC), determined from a structure estimation method(2), indicates that butocarboxim is expected to have very high mobility in soil(SRC). Volatilization of butocarboxim from moist soil surfaces is not expected to be an important fate process(SRC) given a Henry's Law constant of 5.70X10-10 atm-cu m/mole(SRC), derived from its vapor pressure, 7.95X10-5 mm Hg(3) and water solubility, 35,000 mg/l(3). Butocarboxim is not expected to volatilize from dry soil surfaces(SRC) based upon its vapor pressure(3). Half-lives in soils were reported as 1-8 days(3). Butocarboxim was found to degrade on sterilized soils exposed to sunlight; half-lives were approximately 9-11 days(4).|AQUATIC FATE: Based on a classification scheme(1), an estimated Koc value of 37(SRC), determined from a structure estimation method(2), indicates that butocarboxim is not expected to adsorb to suspended solids and sediment(SRC). Volatilization from water surfaces is not expected(3) based upon a Henry's Law constant of 5.70X10-10 atm-cu m/mole(SRC), derived from its vapor pressure, 7.95X10-5 mm Hg(4) and water solubility, 35,000 mg/l(4). According to a classification scheme(5), an estimated BCF of 1.4(SRC), from its log Kow of 1.1(4) and a regression-derived equation(6), suggests the potential for bioconcentration in aquatic organisms is low. Butocarboxim is stable at pH 5-7, up to 50 °C, but is hydrolyzed by strong acids and alkalis(4).|ATMOSPHERIC FATE: According to a model of gas/particle partitioning of semivolatile organic compounds in the atmosphere(1), butocarboxim, which has a vapor pressure of 7.95X10-5 mm Hg at 20 °C(2), will exist in both the vapor and particulate phases in the ambient atmosphere. Vapor-phase butocarboxim is degraded in the atmosphere by reaction with photochemically-produced hydroxyl radicals(SRC); the half-life for this reaction in air is estimated to be 15 hours(SRC), calculated from its rate constant of 2.5X10-11 cu cm/molecule-sec at 25 °C(SRC) that was derived using a structure estimation method(3). Particulate-phase butocarboxim may be removed from the air by wet and dry deposition(SRC). Butocarboxim was found to photodegrade on sterilized soil surfaces when exposed to sunlight(4), but no data were found regarding direct photolysis in air by sunlight(SRC).

The rate constant for the vapor-phase reaction of butocarboxim with photochemically-produced hydroxyl radicals has been estimated as 2.5X10-11 cu cm/molecule-sec at 25 °C(SRC) using a structure estimation method(1). This corresponds to an atmospheric half-life of about 15 hours at an atmospheric concentration of 5X10+5 hydroxyl radicals per cu cm(1). Butocarboxim is stable at pH 5-7, up to 50 °C, but is hydrolyzed by strong acids and alkalis(2). The hydrolysis half-lives of aldicarb, a pesticide with a similar structure to butocarboxim, are 131 days at pH 3.95, 559 days at pH 6.02, 324 days at pH 7.96, 55 days at pH 8.85, and 9 days at pH 9.85(3). Butocarboxim was found to degrade on sterilized soils exposed to sunlight; half-lives were approximately 9-11 days(4).|Chemical and physical properties of butacarboxim are similar to those of other oximcarbamates, e.g. thiofanox and aldicarb. On and in foliage in the field, butocarboxim oxidizes rapidly to the sulfone via the sulfoxide. Simultaneously, the carbamate group is hydrolysed to the corresponding oximes

An estimated BCF of 1.4 was calculated for butocarboxim(SRC), using a log Kow of 1.1(1) and a regression-derived equation(2). A BCF of 42 has been reported for aldicarb(4), a pesticide with a similar structure to butocarboxim. According to a classification scheme(3), BCF values <30 suggest a low potential for bioconcentration in aquatic organisms and values of 30-100 suggests the potential for bioconcentration in aquatic organisms is moderate (SRC), provided the compound is not altered physically or chemically after being released into the environment (SRC).

Using a structure estimation method based on molecular connectivity indices(1), the Koc for butocarboxim can be estimated to be 37(SRC). According to a classification scheme(2), this estimated Koc value suggests that butocarboxim is expected to have very high mobility in soil.

The Henry's Law constant for butocarboxim is 5.70X10-10 atm-cu m/mole(SRC) derived from its vapor pressure, 7.95X10-5 mm Hg(1), and water solubility, 35,000 mg/l(1). This Henry's Law constant indicates that butocarboxim is expected to be essentially nonvolatile from water surfaces(2). This Henry's Law constant indicates that volatilization from moist soil surfaces is not expected(SRC). Butocarboxim is not expected to volatilize from dry soil surfaces(SRC) based upon its vapor pressure(1).

Occupational exposure to butocarboxim may have occurred through inhalation and dermal contact with this compound at workplaces where butocarboxim was produced or used. Occupational exposure and general population exposure should be low or non-existent since butocarboxim is no longer produced or used in the US. (SRC)

Little information is available on the distribution of carbamates in the various organs and tissues in mammals following exposure by inhalation or the oral route. The organs in which residues have been reported are the liver, kidneys, brain, fat, and muscle. The half-life in the rat is of the order of 3-8 hr. ...It seems that the excretion of carbamates via urine is also rapid in man, and that the metabolic pathways in man are the same as those in the rat. /Carbamate Pesticides/

In mammals, following oral administration, metabolised to butoxycarboxim, and excreted in the urine as butoxycarboxim and its...products.|The first step in the metabolism of carbamates is hydrolysis to carbamic acid, which decomposes to carbon dioxide (CO2) and the corresponding amine. The mechanism of hydrolysis is different for N -methyl and N -dimethyl derivatives. The N -methyl carbamates pass through an isocyanate intermediate, whereas in the hydrolysis of N - dimethylcarbamates, an addition product with a hydroxyl ion is formed yielding the alcohol and N -dimethyl substituted acid. The rate of hydrolysis by esterases is faster in mammals than in plants and insects. Apart from hydrolysis, oxidation also takes place including: hydroxylation of the aromatic ring, O -dealkylation, N -methyl hydroxylation, N -dealkylation, oxidation of aliphatic side chains, and sulfoxidation to the corresponding sulfone. Oxidation is associated with the mixed-function oxidase (MFO) enzymes. Conjugation leads to the formation of O - and N -glucuronides, sulfates, and mercapturic acid derivatives in mammals. Glycosides and phosphates are conjugation products more common in plants. /Carbamate Pesticides/

The half-life in the rat is of the order of 3-8 hr.

Carbamates are effective insecticides by virtue of their ability to inhibit acetylcholinesterase (AChE) in the nervous system. They also inhibit other esterases. The carbamylation of the enzyme is unstable, and the regeneration of AChE is relatively rapid compared with that from a phosphorylated enzyme. /Carbamate Pesticides/

Basic treatment: Establish a patent airway. Suction if necessary. Aggressive airway control may be needed. Watch for signs of respiratory insufficiency and assist ventilations if necessary. Administer oxygen by nonrebreather mask at 10 to 15 L/min. Monitor for pulmonary edema and treat if necessary ... . Monitor for shock and treat if necessary ... . Anticipate seizures and treat if necessary ... . For eye contamination, flush eyes immediately with water. Irrigate each eye continuously with normal saline during transport ... . Do not use emetics. For ingestion, rinse mouth and administer 5 ml/kg up to 200 ml of water for dilution if the patient can swallow, has a strong gag reflex, and does not drool. Administer activated charcoal ... . /Carbamates and related compounds/|Advanced treatment: Consider orotracheal or nasotracheal intubation for airway control in the patient who is unconscious. Positive pressure ventilation techniques with a bag valve mask device may be beneficial. Monitor cardiac rhythm and treat arrhythmias if necessary ... . Start an IV with D5W /SRP: "To keep open", minimal flow rate/. Use lactated Ringer's if signs of hypovolemia are present. For hypotension if signs of hypovolemia are present, administer fluid cautiously. Watch for signs of pulmonary edema ... . Administer atropine. Correct hypoxia before administration ... . In severely poisoned patients, administer pralidoxime chloride (2 PAM). DIRECT PHYSICIAN ORDERS ONLY ... . Treat seizures with adequate atropinization and correction of hypoxia. Rarely is diazepam necessary ... . Use proparacaine hydrochloride to assist eye irrigation ... . /Carbamates and related compounds/|Artificial respiration (via a tracheal tube) should be started at the first sign of respiratory failure and maintained for as long as necessary. Cautious administration of fluids is advised as well as general supportive and symptomatic pharmacological treatment and absolute rest. /Carbamate pesticides/|Specific pharmacological treatment: Atropine- ...The dose and the frequency of atropine treatment varies from case to case, but should maintain the patient fully atropinized (dilated pupils, dry mouth, skin flushing, etc.). Oxime reactivators- There is no rational basis for using these drugs. Furthermore, some unconfirmed reports suggest an increased toxicity of carbamates when oximes have been administered. Diazepam- Diazepam should be included in the therapy of all but the mildest cases. Besides relieving anxiety it appears to counteract some aspects of CNS-derived symptoms that are not affected by atropine. ...Other centrally acting drugs and drugs that may depress respiration are not usually recommended in the absence of artificial respiration procedures. /Carbamate pesticides/|For more Antidote and Emergency Treatment (Complete) data for BUTOCARBOXIM (11 total), please visit the HSDB record page.

/SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS/ The clinical picture of carbamates intoxication results from accumulation of ACh at nerve endings. ...The signs and symptoms can be categorized into the following 3 groups: (a) Muscarinic manifestations - increased bronchial secretion, excessive sweating, salivation, and lachrymation; pinpoint pupils, bronchoconstriction, abdominal cramps (vomiting and diarrhea); and bradycardia. (b) Nicotinic manifestations - fasciculation of fine muscles (in severe cases, diaphragm and respiratory muscles also involved); and tachycardia. (c) Central nervous system manifestations- headache, dizziness, anxiety, mental confusion, convulsions, and coma; and depression of respiratory center. All these signs and symptoms can occur in different combinations and can vary in onset and sequence, depending on the chemical, dose, and route of exposure. The duration of symptoms is usually shorter than that observed in organophosphorus poisoning. Mild poisoning might include muscarinic and nicotinic signs only. Severe cases always show central nervous system involvement; the clinical picture is dominated by the respiratory failure sometimes leading to pulmonary edema due to the combination of the above mentioned symptoms. /Carbamate pesticides/|/SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS/ Principal effects /of anticholinesterases as toxic components of insecticides/ on eye, whether from local contact or systemic poisoning, are miosis and spasm of accommodation for near vision. /Anticholinesterases/

butocarboxime

Emulsifiable concentrates.|Obtained as a 85% tech concentrate in xylene containing (E)- and (Z)-isomers in a ratio of 85-90:15-10 /Technical/|Aerosol dispenser, emulsifiable concentrate, soluble concentrate.|Tradenames: 'Drawin' (Wacker); 'Systemschutz D' (Wacker); 'Hydrosekt' (Luxan)|...It is marketed as either a 25% or 50% ai emulsifiable concentrate, which is diluted to 0.1-0.15% with water for spray application.

The WHO Recommended Classification of Pesticides by Hazard identifies Butocarboxim (technical grade) as Class IB: highly hazardous; Main Use: insecticide.|Butocarboxim is a systemic insecticide of the oximcarbamate family

Product analysis by IR spectrometry or by HPLC. Residues of butocarboxim, its sulfoxide and sulfone (butoxycarboxim) determined by GLC with TID.

Agrochemicals -> Insecticides