Mefluidide

310.29

310.29

258-767-4

499DH82Q8O

DTXSID7034709

Crystalline solid|Crystals

2935009015

83.6

2.02

1.464g/cm3

184 °C

1.539

In water, 180 mg/L at 23 deg C

Keep container tightly closed in a dry and well-ventilated place.

2.40X10-8 mm Hg at 25 deg C (est)

LC50 (96-hour) for bluegill sunfish and rainbow trout >100 mg/L (Hartley and Kidd, 1987); LC50 (4-day) for bluegill sunfish 1,600 ppm and trout >1,200 ppm (Humburg et al., 1989); acute oral LD50 for rats >4,000 mg/kg (Hartley and Kidd, 1987).

Odorless

Henry's Law constant = 1.28X10-11 atm-cu m/mole at 25 °C (est)

pKa = 4.78 at 20 °C|pKa = 4.6

Aqueous solutions decompose in UV light|Hydroxyl radical reaction rate constant = 2.00X10-10 cu cm/molec-sec at 25 °C (est)

Mildly corrosive to metals

UN3077 (solid); UN3082 (liquid)

3

AE2460000

Stable under recommended storage conditions.|Aqueous solutions decompose in UV light.

SRP: Recycle any unused portion of the material for its approved use or return it to the manufacturer or supplier. Ultimate disposal of the chemical must consider: the material's impact on air quality; potential migration in air, soil or water; effects on animal, aquatic and plant life; and conformance with environmental and public health regulations. If it is possible or reasonable use an alternative chemical product with less inherent propensity for occupational harm/injury/toxicity or environmental contamination.|SRP: Wastewater from contaminant suppression, cleaning of protective clothing/equipment, or contaminated sites should be contained and evaluated for subject chemical or decomposition product concentrations. Concentrations shall be lower than applicable environmental discharge or disposal criteria. Alternatively, pretreatment and/or discharge to a permitted wastewater treatment facility is acceptable only after review by the governing authority and assurance that "pass through" violations will not occur. Due consideration shall be given to remediation worker exposure (inhalation, dermal and ingestion) as well as fate during treatment, transfer and disposal. If it is not practicable to manage the chemical in this fashion, it must be evaluated in accordance with EPA 40 CFR Part 261, specifically Subpart B, in order to determine the appropriate local, state and federal requirements for disposal.|Product: Offer surplus and non-recyclable solutions to a licensed disposal company; Contaminated packaging: Dispose of as unused product.|Do not apply directly to water, or to areas where surface water is present or to intertidal areas below the mean high water mark. Do not contaminate water when disposing of equipment washwaters or rinsate.|Do not discharge effluent containing this product into lakes, streams, ponds, estuaries, oceans, or other waters unless in accordance with the requirements of a National Pollution Discharge Elimination System (NPDES) permit and the permitting authority has been notified in writing prior to discharge. Do not discharge effluent containing this product to sewer systems without previously notifying the local sewage treatment plant authority. For guidance contact your State Water Board or Regional Office of the EPA.

Incompatible materials: Strong reducing agents.

USEPA/Office of Prevention, Pesticides and Toxic Substances; Reregistration Eligibility Decision Document - Mefluidide, EPA 738-R-07-011 (September 2007). The RED summarizes the risk assessment conclusions and outlines any risk reduction measures necessary for the pesticide to continue to be registered in the USA.[Available from, as of July 9, 2018: http://www.epa.gov/pesticides/reregistration/status.htm]

Eye/face protection: Use equipment for eye protection tested and approved under appropriate government standards such as NIOSH (US) or EN 166(EU).|Skin protection: Handle with gloves.|Body Protection: Choose body protection in relation to its type, to the concentration and amount of dangerous substances, and to the specific work-place.|Respiratory protection: Respiratory protection is not required. Where protection from nuisance levels of dusts are desired, use type N95 (US) or type P1 (EN 143) dust masks. Use respirators and components tested and approved under appropriate government standards such as NIOSH (US) or CEN (EU).|For more Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) (Complete) data for Mefluidide (7 total), please visit the HSDB record page.

Suitable extinguishing media: Use water spray, alcohol-resistant foam, dry chemical or carbon dioxide.|Advice for firefighters: Wear self-contained breathing apparatus for firefighting if necessary.

ACCIDENTAL RELEASE MEASURES: Personal precautions, protective equipment and emergency procedures: Use personal protective equipment. Avoid dust formation. Avoid breathing vapors, mist or gas. Avoid breathing dust. Environmental precautions: Do not let product enter drains. Methods and materials for containment and cleaning up: Pick up and arrange disposal without creating dust. Sweep up and shovel. Keep in suitable, closed containers for disposal.

ACCIDENTAL RELEASE MEASURES: Personal precautions, protective equipment and emergency procedures: Use personal protective equipment. Avoid dust formation. Avoid breathing vapors, mist or gas. Avoid breathing dust. Environmental precautions: Do not let product enter drains.|Precautions for safe handling: Provide appropriate exhaust ventilation at places where dust is formed.|Appropriate engineering controls: Handle in accordance with good industrial hygiene and safety practice. Wash hands before breaks and at the end of workday.|Gloves must be inspected prior to use. Use proper glove removal technique (without touching glove's outer surface) to avoid skin contact with this product. Dispose of contaminated gloves after use in accordance with applicable laws and good laboratory practices. Wash and dry hands.|For more Preventive Measures (Complete) data for Mefluidide (15 total), please visit the HSDB record page.

Weak eye or dermal irritant (Toxicity Category III and IV).

IDENTIFICATION AND USE: Mefluidide is a solid. It is plant growth regulator and herbicide. It is used to suppress seed heads and fruiting, as well as retarding growth to reduce mowing and trimming. It is also registered for growth control of low maintenance turf on rights-of-ways, airports, public and industrial sites. Mefluidide products can also be used on residential lawns. HUMAN STUDIES: There are no data available. ANIMAL STUDIES: In rats and rabbits, critical effects of acute oral toxicity (doses of 100 mg/kg/day and above) were tremors, hunched posture, salivation, reduced body weight and body weight gain. Dogs are most sensitive to the effects of mefluidide, which occur at doses as low as 15 mg/kg/day in diets fed for one yr. In addition, dogs fed with mefluidide for one yr exhibited chronic cortical nephrosis at doses of 150 mg/kg/day. Mefluidide was not dermally toxic when tested on rabbits at limit doses of 1000 mg/kg/day for 21 days. Effects were limited to slight erythema at the application site at the 1000 mg/kg/day dose. Increased incidence of liver hyperplastic nodules in both sexes was observed in mice fed with mefluidide at doses of 270 mg/kg/day and higher, however there was no oncogenic response in mice at doses as high as 900 mg/kg/day. Rats fed with mefluidide at doses up to 300 mg/kg/day did not exhibit any carcinogenic response either. Developmental effects of mefluidide in rats included increased number of early resorptions and mean postimplantation loss. These effects were observed at the same dose that caused maternal toxicity indicating there was no increased susceptibility to fetuses. In the 3-generation reproduction toxicity study in rats, the offspring toxicity was characterized by decreased body weights in both sexes and both litters in all generations. It was not teratogenic in rabbits. Eight strains of Salmonella typhimurium and two strains of Escherichia coli were tested for mutagenicity with and without metabolic activation. Mefluidide was not mutagenic in those tests. ECOTOXICITY STUDIES: Mefluidide was practically non-toxic to birds on a acute oral basis. Mefluidide is practically non-toxic to estuarine marine fish and slightly toxic to estuarine marine invertebrates on an acute basis. It was practically non-toxic to honeybees on an acute contact basis. This water-soluble agent is absorbed by grass mainly through its leaves. It inhibits growth due to cell elongation and largely suppresses seed head formation.

LD50 Rat (female) oral > 4000 mg/kg|LD50 Mouse oral 829 mg/kg|LD50 Mouse oral 1920 mg/kg|LD50 Rabbit (female) dermal > 4000 mg/kg

/BIRDS and MAMMALS/ For mefluidide, an acute single-dose oral toxicity study was performed using the bobwhite quail (Colinus virginianus). The 58.2% ai [active ingredient] compound was adjusted to 100% ai at dosing. Thirty birds were used at one dose level of 2000 mg ae/ kg. The LD50 value was > 2000 mg ae [acid equivalent]/kg bw. The results of this study categorize mefluidide as practically non-toxic to birds on a acute oral basis. However, this study is classified as Supplemental for an avian dietary LD 50 study because it is unclear what material (Technical Grade Active Ingredient, formulated product, or formulation intermediate) was tested.|/BIRDS and MAMMALS/ For mefluidide, one dietary toxicity study was performed using the mallard duck (Anas platyrhynchos). The 58.2% ai compound was adjusted to 100% ai at dosing. Thirty birds were used at one dose level of 5000 mg ae/ kg diet. In the mallard duck study, the non-definitive LC50 was >5000 mg ae/kg diet. The results of this study categorize mefluidide as practically non-toxic to birds on a dietary basis. However, this study is classified as Supplemental for an avian dietary LC50 study because it is unclear what material (Technical Grade Active Ingredient, formulated product, or formulation intermediate) was tested.|/BIRDS and MAMMALS/ For mefluidide, one dietary toxicity study was performed using the bobwhite quail (Colinus virginianus). The 58.2% ai compound was adjusted to 100% ai at dosing. Thirty birds were used at one dose level of 5000 mg ae/ kg diet. In the bobwhite quail study, the non-definitive LC50 was >5000 mg ae/kg diet. The results of this study categorize mefluidide as practically non-toxic to birds on a dietary basis. However, this study is classified as Supplemental for an avian dietary LC50 study because it is unclear what material (Technical Grade Active Ingredient, formulated product, or formulation intermediate) was tested. No statistics were performed due to lack of mortality and no signs of toxicity were observed.|/AQUATIC SPECIES/ Mefluidide is practically non-toxic to the estuarine marine mysid (Mysidopsis bahia), with a 96-hr EC50 133 mg ae/L and a NOAEC of 47 mg ae/L. Mean measured concentrations were 16.2, 28.0, 47, 80 and 133 mg ae/L. One mortality for estuarine marine invertebrates occurred at the 28 mg ae/L treatment level. However, this death was not considered treatment related. By the end of the study 50% mortality had occurred in the 133 mg ae/L treatment group.|For more Ecotoxicity Excerpts (Complete) data for Mefluidide (9 total), please visit the HSDB record page.

Mefluidide's production may result in its release to the environment through various waste streams; the use of its acid salts as plant growth regulators(1) will result in its direct release to the environment(SRC).

TERRESTRIAL FATE: Based on a classification scheme(1), an estimated Koc value of 77(SRC), determined from a structure estimation method(2), indicates that mufluidide is expected to have high mobility in soil(SRC). The pKa of mufluidide is 4.78(3), indicating that this compound will exist partially in the anion form in the environment and anions generally do not adsorb more strongly to soils containing organic carbon and clay than their neutral counterparts(4). Volatilization of the neutral species of mufluidide from moist soil surfaces is not expected to be an important fate process(SRC) given an estimated Henry's Law constant of 1.3X10-11 atm-cu m/mole(SRC), developed using a fragment constant estimation method(2). Mufluidide is not expected to volatilize from dry soil surfaces(SRC) based upon an estimated vapor pressure of 2.3X10-8 mm Hg at 25 °C(SRC), determined from a fragment constant method(2). Photodecomposition is reported to be rapid on wet soil surfaces, but water is critical for this reaction(5). A reported biodegradation half-life in soil of 12 days(6) indicates that biodegradation may be an important environmental fate process in soil(SRC).|AQUATIC FATE: Based on a classification scheme(1), an estimated Koc value of 77(SRC), determined from a structure estimation method(2), indicates that mufluidide is not expected to adsorb to suspended solids and sediment(SRC). Volatilization of the neutral species from water surfaces is not expected(3) based upon an estimated Henry's Law constant of 1.3X10-11 atm-cu m/mole(SRC), developed using a fragment constant estimation method(2). A pKa of 4.78(3) indicates mufluidide will exist partially in the anion form at pH values of 5 to 9 and, therefore, volatilization from water surfaces is not expected to be an important fate process(SRC). According to a classification scheme(5), an estimated BCF of 10(SRC), from its log Kow of 2.02(4) and a regression-derived equation(2), suggests the potential for bioconcentration in aquatic organisms is low(SRC). Mefluidide decomposes in aqueous solutions exposed to UV radiation(6). It is generally resistant to hydrolysis and photolysis in sterile buffered solutions at pH 4-9(7). A reported biodegradation half-life in soil of 12 days(7) indicates that biodegradation may be an important environmental fate process in water(SRC).|ATMOSPHERIC FATE: According to a model of gas/particle partitioning of semivolatile organic compounds in the atmosphere(1), mefluidide, which has an estimated vapor pressure of 2.3X10-8 mm Hg at 25 °C(SRC), determined from a fragment constant method(2), will exist in both the vapor and particulate phases in the ambient atmosphere. Vapor-phase mefluidide is degraded in the atmosphere by reaction with photochemically-produced hydroxyl radicals(SRC); the half-life for this reaction in air is estimated to be 2 hours(SRC), calculated from its rate constant of 2.0X10-10 cu cm/molecule-sec at 25 °C(SRC) that was derived using a structure estimation method(2). Particulate-phase mefluidide may be removed from the air by wet and dry deposition(SRC). Mefluidide contains chromophores that absorb at wavelengths >290 nm(3) and, therefore, may be susceptible to direct photolysis by sunlight(SRC).

The rate constant for the vapor-phase reaction of mefluidide with photochemically-produced hydroxyl radicals has been estimated as 2.0X10-10 cu cm/molecule-sec at 25 °C(SRC) using a structure estimation method(1). This corresponds to an atmospheric half-life of about 0.64 hours at an atmospheric concentration of 5X10+5 hydroxyl radicals per cu cm(1). It is generally resistant to hydrolysis and photolysis in sterile buffered solutions at pH 4-9(2). Mefluidide decomposes in aqueous solutions exposed to UV radiation(3). Photodegradation half-lives of 2-3 days in natural well water and 4.85 days on soil surfaces has been reported(2). Photodecomposition is reported to be rapid on wet soil surfaces, but water is critical for this reaction(4). Mefluidide contains chromophores that absorb at wavelengths >290 nm(5) and, therefore, may be susceptible to direct photolysis by sunlight(SRC).

An estimated BCF of 10 was calculated for mefluidide(SRC), using a log Kow of 2.02(1) and a regression-derived equation(2). According to a classification scheme(3), this BCF suggests the potential for bioconcentration in aquatic organisms is low(SRC).

199.53 L/kg|Using a structure estimation method based on molecular connectivity indices(1), the Koc of mefluidide can be estimated to be 77(SRC). According to a classification scheme(2), this estimated Koc value suggests that mefluidide is expected to have high mobility in soil. The pKa of mefluidide is 4.78(3), indicating that this compound will exist partially in the anion form in the environment and anions generally do not adsorb more strongly to soils containing organic carbon and clay than their neutral counterparts(4).

The Henry's Law constant for mefluidide is estimated as 1.3X10-11 atm-cu m/mole(SRC) using a fragment constant estimation method(1). This Henry's Law constant indicates that the neutral form of mefluidide is expected to be essentially nonvolatile from water surfaces(2). A pKa of 4.78(3) indicates mefluidide will exist partially in the anion form at pH values of 5 to 9 and, therefore, volatilization from water surfaces is not expected to be an important fate process for the anionic form of mefluidide(SRC). Mefluidide is not expected to volatilize from dry soil surfaces(SRC) based upon an estimated vapor pressure of 2.4X10-8 mm Hg(SRC), determined from a fragment constant method(1).

Occupational exposure to mefluidide may occur through inhalation of dust and dermal contact with this compound at workplaces where mefluidide is produced or used. Use data indicate the general population may be exposed to mefluidide when using consumer products contining this compound. (SRC)

/SRP:/ Immediate first aid: Ensure that adequate decontamination has been carried out. If patient is not breathing, start artificial respiration, preferably with a demand valve resuscitator, bag-valve-mask device, or pocket mask, as trained. Perform CPR if necessary. Immediately flush contaminated eyes with gently flowing water. Do not induce vomiting. If vomiting occurs, lean patient forward or place on left side (head-down position, if possible) to maintain an open airway and prevent aspiration. Keep patient quiet and maintain normal body temperature. Obtain medical attention. /Poisons A and B/|/SRP:/ Basic treatment: Establish a patent airway (oropharyngeal or nasopharyngeal airway, if needed). Suction if necessary. Watch for signs of respiratory insufficiency and assist ventilations if needed. Administer oxygen by nonrebreather mask at 10 to 15 L/min. Monitor for pulmonary edema and treat if necessary ... . Monitor for shock and treat if necessary ... . Anticipate seizures and treat if necessary ... . For eye contamination, flush eyes immediately with water. Irrigate each eye continuously with 0.9% saline (NS) during transport ... . Do not use emetics. For ingestion, rinse mouth and administer 5 mL/kg up to 200 mL of water for dilution if the patient can swallow, has a strong gag reflex, and does not drool ... . Cover skin burns with dry sterile dressings after decontamination ... . /Poisons A and B/|/SRP:/ Advanced treatment: Consider orotracheal or nasotracheal intubation for airway control in the patient who is unconscious, has severe pulmonary edema, or is in severe respiratory distress. Positive-pressure ventilation techniques with a bag valve mask device may be beneficial. Consider drug therapy for pulmonary edema ... . Consider administering a beta agonist such as albuterol for severe bronchospasm ... . Monitor cardiac rhythm and treat arrhythmias as necessary ... . Start IV administration of D5W TKO /SRP: "To keep open", minimal flow rate/. Use 0.9% saline (NS) or lactated Ringer's (LR) if signs of hypovolemia are present. For hypotension with signs of hypovolemia, administer fluid cautiously. Watch for signs of fluid overload ... . Treat seizures with diazepam (Valium) or lorazepam (Ativan) ... . Use proparacaine hydrochloride to assist eye irrigation ... . /Poisons A and B/

Mefluidide

Embark 2-L Plant Growth Regulator (PBI/Gordon Corporation): Active ingredient: N-(2,4-Dimethyl-5-(((trifluoromethyl)sulfonyl)amino)phenyl)acetamide, potassium salt 24.0%.|Mefluidide formulations include granular, liquid ready-to-use, and soluble concentrate liquid. Multiple products that contain mefluidide also contain an additional plant growth regulator or herbicides such as paclobutrazol, imazapyr and imazethapyr.

Mefluidide, mefluidide diethanolamine salt, and mefluidide potassium salt are collectively referred to as mefluidide. Mefluidide was first registered in October 1984, mefluidide diethanolamine salt was first registered in March 1973, and mefluidide potassium salt was first registered in December 1988. ... Based on the structural similarities of mefluidide (114001) and its diethanolamine (DEA) (114002) and potassium salts (114003), and the physical and chemical properties of the DEA and potassium salts, EPA has concluded that mefluidide DEA and potassium salts are biologically equivalent to mefluidide and thus they share the same toxicity as free mefluidide.|Mefluidide-K and mefluidide-DEA will dissociate rapidly and completely to form mefluidide acid. Two ... dissociation studies indicated mefluidide-K completely dissociated in 7 minutes and mefluidide-DEA completely dissociated in 3 minutes. Mefluidide acid is in equilibrium with mefluidide.

Agrochemicals -> Plant Growth Regulators