Isopropylamine

59.11

59.11

605259

200-860-9

P8W26T4MTD

0908

62775

1221

DTXSID2025682

Colorless liquid [Note: A gas above 91 degrees F]|Colorless, volatile liquid|Colorless to yellow liquid

29211999

26.02000

0.21

APHA: ≤50 Crystalline Powder, Needles or Crystals

0.694 g/cm³ @ Temp: 15 °C

-101 °C

33-34 °C

−26 °F

1.389

H2O: soluble

2-8°C

9.2 psi ( 20 °C)

2.04 (vs air)

Oral-Rat  LD50: 820 mg/kg; Oral-Mouse LD50: 2200 mg/kg

Inflammable in case of open flame, high temperature, oxidant; burning produces toxic nitrogen oxide fumes

2-10.4%(V)

Ammonia odor

Strong base

pKa = 10.63 (conjugated acid)|pKb = 3.37 at 25 °C

Critical molar volume = 231 cu cm/mol|Hydroxyl radical reaction rate constant = 3.9X10-13 cu cm/mole-sec at 25 °C

Highly flammable. Water soluble.

Amines, Phosphines, and Pyridines

Highly Flammable

ISOPROPYLAMINE is a colorless, alkaline liquid, very volatile, moderately toxic, highly flammable. Dangerous fire hazard when exposed to heat, flame, sparks, or strong oxidizers. When heated to decomposition it emits toxic fumes of oxides of nitrogen [M. K.]. A mixture of isopropylamine and perchloryl fluoride resulted in an uncontrolled oxidation and/or explosion, [J. Org. Chem., 1980, 45, 4036]. The reaction of 1-chloro-2,3-epoxypropane and the amine and most probably other nitrogen bases, yields a violent exotherm, [Chem. & Ind., 1971, 994].

756 °F (USCG, 1999)|756 °F (402 °C)|355 °C

-16,940 Btu/lb, -9,240 cal/g, -394X10+5 J/kg

8.72 eV

Lower flammable limit: 2.0% by volume; Upper flammable limit: 10.4% by volume|Class IA Flammable Liquid: Fl.P. below 73°F and BP below 100°F.

The vapour is heavier than air and may travel along the ground; distant ignition possible.

28.36 kJ/mol at 25 °C

Critical temperature: 472.2 K; Critical pressure: 4.55 MPa

I

3

UN 1221 3/PG 1

1

12-36/37/38-37-35-25-20/21

16-26-29-45-36/37/39

NT8400000

F+,Xi,T

The warehouse is ventilated, low temperature and dry; stored separately from oxidants and acids

Explosive when mixed with air

Stable. Extremely flammable - note low boiling point and low flash point. Readily forms explosive mixtures with air. Incompatible with strong oxidizing agents, acids, acid chlorides, acid anhydrides, perchloryl fluoride.

P210-P261-P280-P303 + P361 + P353-P305 + P351 + P338-P370 + P378

H224-H301 + H311 + H331-H314-H335

SRP: Recycle any unused portion of the material for its approved use or return it to the manufacturer or supplier. Ultimate disposal of the chemical must consider: the material's impact on air quality; potential migration in air, soil or water; effects on animal, aquatic and plant life; and conformance with environmental and public health regulations. If it is possible or reasonable use an alternative chemical product with less inherent propensity for occupational harm/injury/toxicity or environmental contamination.|SRP: Wastewater from contaminant suppression, cleaning of protective clothing/equipment, or contaminated sites should be contained and evaluated for subject chemical or decomposition product concentrations. Concentrations shall be lower than applicable environmental discharge or disposal criteria. Alternatively, pretreatment and/or discharge to a permitted wastewater treatment facility is acceptable only after review by the governing authority and assurance that "pass through" violations will not occur. Due consideration shall be given to remediation worker exposure (inhalation, dermal and ingestion) as well as fate during treatment, transfer and disposal. If it is not practicable to manage the chemical in this fashion, it must be evaluated in accordance with EPA 40 CFR Part 261, specifically Subpart B, in order to determine the appropriate local, state and federal requirements for disposal.|Product: Burn in a chemical incinerator equipped with an afterburner and scrubber but exert extra care in igniting as this material is highly flammable. Offer surplus and non-recyclable solutions to a licensed disposal company. Contact a licensed professional waste disposal service to dispose of this material; Contaminated packaging: Dispose of as unused product.|... May be disposed of by atomizing in a suitable combustion chamber equipped with an appropriate effluent gas cleaning device.|Incineration: Incinerate in a suitable combustion chamber with an afterburner and scrubber.

Incompatible materials: Oxidizing agents.|Reacts with acids, aldehydes, ketones, epoxides, and oxidizing agents.|Strong acids, strong oxidizers, aldehydes, ketones, epoxides.|Incompatible with 1-chloro-1,3-epoxypropane.|For more Hazardous Reactivities and Incompatibilities (Complete) data for Isopropylamine (9 total), please visit the HSDB record page.

Special Hazards of Combustion Products: Toxic oxides of nitrogen may form in fire. Behavior in Fire: Burning isopropylamine is difficult to control because of the ease of reignition of the vapor. Vapors are heavier than air and may travel to a source of ignition and flash back. Containers may explode. (USCG, 1999)|Extremely flammable. Vapour/air mixtures are explosive.|Flammable - 4th degree

|Danger|H224: Extremely flammable liquid and vapor [Danger Flammable liquids]|P210, P233, P240, P241, P242, P243, P261, P264, P271, P280, P302+P352, P303+P361+P353, P304+P340, P305+P351+P338, P312, P321, P332+P313, P337+P313, P362, P370+P378, P403+P233, P403+P235, P405, and P501|H224 (100%): Extremely flammable liquid and vapor [Danger Flammable liquids]|P210, P233, P240, P241, P242, P243, P260, P261, P264, P270, P271, P280, P301+P310, P301+P330+P331, P302+P352, P303+P361+P353, P304+P340, P305+P351+P338, P310, P311, P312, P321, P322, P330, P332+P313, P337+P313, P361, P362, P363, P370+P378, P403+P233, P403+P235, P405, and P501|Aggregated GHS information provided by 965 companies from 27 notifications to the ECHA C&L Inventory. Each notification may be associated with multiple companies.|P210, P233, P240, P241, P242, P243, P260, P261, P264, P270, P271, P280, P301+P312, P301+P330+P331, P302+P352, P303+P361+P353, P304+P340, P305+P351+P338, P310, P311, P312, P321, P322, P330, P361, P363, P370+P378, P403+P233, P403+P235, P405, and P501|P210, P233, P240, P241, P242, P243, P260, P261, P264, P270, P271, P273, P280, P301+P310, P301+P330+P331, P302+P352, P303+P361+P353, P304+P312, P304+P340, P305+P351+P338, P310, P311, P312, P321, P322, P330, P361, P363, P370+P378, P403+P233, P403+P235, P405, and P501|P210, P233, P240, P241, P242, P243, P260, P261, P264, P270, P271, P273, P280, P301+P312, P301+P330+P331, P302+P352, P303+P361+P353, P304+P312, P304+P340, P305+P351+P338, P307+P311, P310, P312, P314, P321, P322, P330, P361, P363, P370+P378, P403+P233, P403+P235, P405, and P501|P210, P233, P240, P241, P242, P243, P260, P261, P264, P270, P271, P280, P301+P310, P302+P352, P303+P361+P353, P304+P312, P304+P340, P305+P351+P338, P307+P311, P310, P312, P314, P321, P322, P330, P331, P332+P313, P361, P362, P363, P370+P378, P403+P235, P405, and P501

Excerpt from ERG Guide 132 [Flammable Liquids - Corrosive]: As an immediate precautionary measure, isolate spill or leak area for at least 50 meters (150 feet) in all directions. SPILL: Increase, in the downwind direction, as necessary, the isolation distance shown above. FIRE: If tank, rail car or tank truck is involved in a fire, ISOLATE for 800 meters (1/2 mile) in all directions; also, consider initial evacuation for 800 meters (1/2 mile) in all directions. (ERG, 2016)

Excerpt from ERG Guide 132 [Flammable Liquids - Corrosive]: Fully encapsulating, vapor-protective clothing should be worn for spills and leaks with no fire. ELIMINATE all ignition sources (no smoking, flares, sparks or flames in immediate area). All equipment used when handling the product must be grounded. Do not touch or walk through spilled material. Stop leak if you can do it without risk. Prevent entry into waterways, sewers, basements or confined areas. A vapor-suppressing foam may be used to reduce vapors. Absorb with earth, sand or other non-combustible material and transfer to containers (except for Hydrazine). Use clean, non-sparking tools to collect absorbed material. LARGE SPILL: Dike far ahead of liquid spill for later disposal. Water spray may reduce vapor, but may not prevent ignition in closed spaces. (ERG, 2016)

Skin: Wear appropriate personal protective clothing to prevent skin contact. Eyes: Wear appropriate eye protection to prevent eye contact. Wash skin: The worker should immediately wash the skin when it becomes contaminated. Remove: Work clothing that becomes wet should be immediately removed due to its flammability hazard(i.e. for liquids with flash point Change: No recommendation is made specifying the need for the worker to change clothing after the work shift. Provide: Eyewash fountains should be provided in areas where there is any possibility that workers could be exposed to the substance; this is irrespective of the recommendation involving the wearing of eye protection. Facilities for quickly drenching the body should be provided within the immediate work area for emergency use where there is a possibility of exposure. [Note: It is intended that these facilities provide a sufficient quantity or flow of water to quickly remove the substance from any body areas likely to be exposed. The actual determination of what constitutes an adequate quick drench facility depends on the specific circumstances. In certain instances, a deluge shower should be readily available, whereas in others, the availability of water from a sink or hose could be considered adequate.] (NIOSH, 2016)|Eye/face protection: Tightly fitting safety goggles. Faceshield (8-inch minimum). Use equipment for eye protection tested and approved under appropriate government standards such as NIOSH (US) or EN 166(EU).|Skin protection: Handle with gloves.|Body Protection: Complete suit protecting against chemicals. Flame retardant antistatic protective clothing., The type of protective equipment must be selected according to the concentration and amount of the dangerous substance at the specific workplace.|Respiratory protection: Where risk assessment shows air-purifying respirators are appropriate use a full-face respirator with multipurpose combination (US) or type AXBEK (EN 14387) respirator cartridges as a backup to engineering controls. If the respirator is the sole means of protection, use a full-face supplied air respirator. Use respirators and components tested and approved under appropriate government standards such as NIOSH (US) or CEN (EU).|For more Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) (Complete) data for Isopropylamine (13 total), please visit the HSDB record page.|(See protection codes)

Flammable liquid.|Very dangerous fire hazard and moderate explosion hazard when exposed to sparks, heat, flame, or oxidizers.

Vapors may form explosive mixture with air.|Lower flammable limit: 2.0% by volume; Upper flammable limit: 10.4% by volume|Explosive limits , vol% in air: 2.3-10

Suitable extinguishing media: Use water spray, alcohol-resistant foam, dry chemical or carbon dioxide.|Advice for firefighters: Wear self-contained breathing apparatus for firefighting if necessary.|Use water spray to cool unopened containers.|... Use dry chemical, carbon dioxide, or foam extinguishers. ... If material or contaminated runoff enters waterways, notify downstream users of potentially contaminated waters. Notify local health and fire officials and pollution control agencies. From a secure, explosion-proof location, use water spray to cool exposed containers. If cooling streams are ineffective (venting sound increases in volume and pitch, tank discolors or shows any digns of deforming), withdraw immediately to a secure position.|For more Fire Fighting Procedures (Complete) data for Isopropylamine (6 total), please visit the HSDB record page.

Vapors are heavier than air and will collect in low areas. Vapors may travel long distances to ignition sources and flashback. Vapors in confined areas may explode when exposed to fire. Containers may explode in fire. Storage containers and parts of containers may rocket great distances, in many directions.|Vapors are heavier than air and may travel to a source of ignition and flash back.

ACCIDENTAL RELEASE MEASURES: Personal precautions, protective equipment and emergency procedures: Wear respiratory protection. Avoid breathing vapors, mist or gas. Ensure adequate ventilation. Remove all sources of ignition. Evacuate personnel to safe areas. Beware of vapors accumulating to form explosive concentrations. Vapors can accumulate in low areas. Environmental precautions: Prevent further leakage or spillage if safe to do so. Do not let product enter drains. Discharge into the environment must be avoided. Methods and materials for containment and cleaning up: Contain spillage, and then collect with an electrically protected vacuum cleaner or by wet-brushing and place in container for disposal according to local regulations.|SRP: Wastewater from contaminant suppression, cleaning of protective clothing/equipment, or contaminated sites should be contained and evaluated for subject chemical or decomposition product concentrations. Concentrations shall be lower than applicable environmental discharge or disposal criteria. Alternatively, pretreatment and/or discharge to a permitted wastewater treatment facility is acceptable only after review by the governing authority and assurance that "pass through" violations will not occur. Due consideration shall be given to remediation worker exposure (inhalation, dermal and ingestion) as well as fate during treatment, transfer and disposal. If it is not practicable to manage the chemical in this fashion, it must be evaluated in accordance with EPA 40 CFR Part 261, specifically Subpart B, in order to determine the appropriate local, state and federal requirements for disposal.|Eliminate all ignition sources. Stop or control the leak, if this can be done without undue risk. Use water spray to cool and disperse vapors, protect personnel, and dilute spills to form nonflammable mixtures. Absorb in noncombustible material for proper disposal.|Evacuate danger area! Remove all ignition sources. Consult an expert! Personal protection: complete protective clothing including self-contained breathing apparatus. Do NOT let this chemical enter the environment. Do NOT wash away into sewer. Collect leaking liquid in sealable containers. Absorb remaining liquid in sand or inert absorbent. Then store and dispose of according to local regulations.|For more Cleanup Methods (Complete) data for Isopropylamine (8 total), please visit the HSDB record page.

Use ventilation, local exhaust or breathing protection.|ACCIDENTAL RELEASE MEASURES: Personal precautions, protective equipment and emergency procedures: Wear respiratory protection. Avoid breathing vapors, mist or gas. Ensure adequate ventilation. Remove all sources of ignition. Evacuate personnel to safe areas. Beware of vapors accumulating to form explosive concentrations. Vapors can accumulate in low areas. Environmental precautions:Prevent further leakage or spillage if safe to do so. Do not let product enter drains. Discharge into the environment must be avoided.|Precautions for safe handling: Avoid contact with skin and eyes. Avoid inhalation of vapor or mist. Use explosion-proof equipment. Keep away from sources of ignition - No smoking. Take measures to prevent the build up of electrostatic charge.|Appropriate engineering controls: Avoid contact with skin, eyes and clothing. Wash hands before breaks and immediately after handling the product|For more Preventive Measures (Complete) data for Isopropylamine (13 total), please visit the HSDB record page.

/GUIDE 132 FLAMMABLE LIQUIDS - CORROSIVE/ Fire or Explosion: Flammable/combustible material. May be ignited by heat, sparks or flames. Vapors may form explosive mixtures with air. Vapors may travel to source of ignition and flash back. Most vapors are heavier than air. They will spread along ground and collect in low or confined areas (sewers, basements, tanks). Vapor explosion hazard indoors, outdoors or in sewers. Those substances designated with a (P) may polymerize explosively when heated or involved in a fire. Runoff to sewer may create fire or explosion hazard. Containers may explode when heated. Many liquids are lighter than water.|/GUIDE 132 FLAMMABLE LIQUIDS - CORROSIVE/ Health: May cause toxic effects if inhaled or ingested/swallowed. Contact with substance may cause severe burns to skin and eyes. Fire will produce irritating, corrosive and/or toxic gases. Vapors may cause dizziness or suffocation. Runoff from fire control or dilution water may cause pollution.|/GUIDE 132 FLAMMABLE LIQUIDS - CORROSIVE/ Public Safety: CALL Emergency Response Telephone Number on Shipping Paper first. If Shipping Paper not available or no answer, refer to appropriate telephone number listed on the inside back cover. As an immediate precautionary measure, isolate spill or leak area for at least 50 meters (150 feet) in all directions. Keep unauthorized personnel away. Stay upwind, uphill and/or upstream. Ventilate closed spaces before entering.|/GUIDE 132 FLAMMABLE LIQUIDS - CORROSIVE/ Protective Clothing: Wear positive pressure self-contained breathing apparatus (SCBA). Wear chemical protective clothing that is specifically recommended by the manufacturer. It may provide little or no thermal protection. Structural firefighters' protective clothing provides limited protection in fire situations ONLY; it is not effective in spill situations where direct contact with the substance is possible.|For more DOT Emergency Guidelines (Complete) data for Isopropylamine (8 total), please visit the HSDB record page.

No person may /transport,/ offer or accept a hazardous material for transportation in commerce unless that person is registered in conformance ... and the hazardous material is properly classed, described, packaged, marked, labeled, and in condition for shipment as required or authorized by ... /the hazardous materials regulations (49 CFR 171-177)./|The International Maritime Dangerous Goods Code lays down basic principles for transporting hazardous chemicals. Detailed recommendations for individual substances and a number of recommendations for good practice are included in the classes dealing with such substances. A general index of technical names has also been compiled. This index should always be consulted when attempting to locate the appropriate procedures to be used when shipping any substance or article. Isopropylamine is included on the dangerous goods list.|The International Air Transport Association (IATA) Dangerous Goods Regulations are published by the IATA Dangerous Goods Board pursuant to IATA Resolutions 618 and 619 and constitute a manual of industry carrier regulations to be followed by all IATA Member airlines when transporting hazardous materials. Isopropylamine is included on the dangerous goods list.

Complaints of nose and throat irritation were reported by volunteer subjects after brief exposures at 10 to 20 ppm.|Workers complained of transient visual disturbances (halos around lights) after exposure to the vapor for 8 hours, probably resulting from mild corneal edema, which usually cleared in 3 to 4 hours.|Irritating to skin, eyes, and respiratory system.|A severe skin and eye irritant. Occasionally contact causes sensitization.|... Isopropylamine scored an injury grade of 10 (ie, a severe burn from 0.5 mL of a 1% solution) on a scale from 1 to 10.|Instillation of 0.005 mL of undiluted compound resulted in severe corneal opacity while 0.5 mL of a 1% solution in water caused severe corneal opacity and iritis (no details available).

Permissible Exposure Limit: Table Z-1 8-hr Time Weighted Avg: 5 ppm (12 mg/cu m).|Vacated 1989 OSHA PEL TWA 5 ppm (12 mg/cu m); STEL 10 ppm (24 mg/cu m) is still enforced in some states.

NIOSH questions whether the PELs proposed for isopropylamine [TWA 5 ppm, STEL 10 ppm] are adequate to protect workers from recognized health hazards.

Evacuate danger area! Remove all ignition sources. Consult an expert! Personal protection: complete protective clothing including self-contained breathing apparatus. Do NOT let this chemical enter the environment. Do NOT wash away into sewer. Collect leaking liquid in sealable containers. Absorb remaining liquid in sand or inert absorbent. Then store and dispose of according to local regulations.

Well closed. Fireproof. Provision to contain effluent from fire extinguishing. Separated from food and feedstuffs. See Chemical Dangers. Store in an area without drain or sewer access.

A harmful contamination of the air can be reached very quickly on evaporation of this substance at 20 °C.

The substance is corrosive to the eyes, skin and respiratory tract. Corrosive on ingestion. Inhalation may cause lung oedema, but only after initial corrosive effects on eyes and/or airways have become manifest. If swallowed the substance easily enters the airways and could result in aspiration pneumonitis. Exposure above the OEL could cause death.

Repeated or prolonged contact with skin may cause dermatitis.

NO open flames, NO sparks and NO smoking. Closed system, ventilation, explosion-proof electrical equipment and lighting.

AVOID ALL CONTACT! IN ALL CASES CONSULT A DOCTOR!

Use ventilation, local exhaust or breathing protection.

Protective gloves. Protective clothing.

Wear face shield or eye protection in combination with breathing protection.

This action promulgates standards of performance for equipment leaks of Volatile Organic Compounds (VOC) in the Synthetic Organic Chemical Manufacturing Industry (SOCMI). The intended effect of these standards is to require all newly constructed, modified, and reconstructed SOCMI process units to use the best demonstrated system of continuous emission reduction for equipment leaks of VOC, considering costs, non air quality health and environmental impact and energy requirements. Isopropylamine is produced, as an intermediate or a final product, by process units covered under this subpart.

| 3 - Materials that, under emergency conditions, can cause serious or permanent injury.| 4 - Materials that rapidly or completely vaporize at atmospheric pressure and normal ambient temperature or that are readily dispersed in air and burn readily.| 0 - Materials that in themselves are normally stable, even under fire conditions.

SOIL: Isopropylamine was detected in a mixture of soils from the Chuvash Autonomous Socialist Republic (Moscow) which contain chernozem, sandy, sandy loam, alluvial, dark grey forest and acid grey soils on unknown dates at unknown concentrations(1).

Isopropylamine has been identified as a constituent of tobacco, tobacco smoke, and tobacco substitute smoke(1).

moderately

IDENTIFICATION AND USE: Isopropylamine is a colorless liquid (a gas above 91 degrees F). It is used as a solvent, intermediate in synthesis of rubber accelerators, pharmaceuticals, dyes, insecticides, bactericides, textile specialties, and surface-active agents, dehairing agent, solubilizer for 2,4-D acid. HUMAN STUDIES: Complaints of nose and throat irritation were reported by volunteer subjects after brief exposures at 10 to 20 ppm. Workers complained of transient visual disturbances (halos around lights) after exposure to the vapor for 8 hours, probably resulting from mild corneal edema, which usually cleared in 3 to 4 hours. ANIMAL STUDIES: A 4-hour exposure of 10,000 mg/cu m (4000 ppm) to 6 rats was not lethal, while all 6 rats died from exposure to 20,000 mg/cu m (8000 ppm). Exposure to a saturated vapor caused the death of all rats within 2 minutes. Isopropylamine produced a severe burn from application of 0.5 mL of a 1% solution. Instillation of 0.005 mL of undiluted compound resulted in severe corneal opacity while 0.5 mL of a 1% solution in water caused severe corneal opacity and iritis. In mice, isopropylamine is essentially an upper respiratory tract-irritating compound. In a one generation reproduction study rats were exposed to isopropylamine at analytical concentrations of 20, 100 or 499 mg/cu m for 6 hr per day (5 days/week) by inhalation (whole body exposure). Clinical signs included incidental fur discoloration and focal hair loss. There were no significant differences in mating and fertility parameters, number of corpora lutea, implantations and resorptions. The was a reduction in mean body weight gain in males in the high dose group. Negative results were reported in bacterial reverse mutation tests for mutagenicity in Salmonella typhimurium (strains included TA1535, TA1537, TA98 and TA100) with and without metabolic activation. The highest non-toxic dose tested was 3333 mg/plate.

/While/ methyl and ethylamine in combination with nitrite were significantly mutagenic, the Escherichia coli mutagenicity test of carcinogenic isopropylamine in combination with nitrite did not yield a detectable increase in mutation frequency over that due to nitrite alone.

LC50 Rat inhalation 8.7 mg/L/4 hr|LD50 Rat oral 820 mg/kg|LD50 Rat (female) oral <173 mg/kg bw|LD50 Mouse oral 2200 mg/kg|For more Non-Human Toxicity Values (Complete) data for Isopropylamine (8 total), please visit the HSDB record page.

Isopropylamine has been detected in tobacco leaf(1). Decomposing animal manure has also been shown to release isopropylamine to the environment(2).

Isopropylamine's production and use as a solvent, intermediate in synthesis of rubber accelerators, pharmaceuticals, dyes, insecticides, bactericides, textile specialities, and surface-active agents, dehairing agent, as a solubilizer for 2,4-D acid(1), and flavoring agent(2) may result in its release to the environment through various waste streams(SRC). Isopropylamine has been identified as a constituent of tobacco, tobacco smoke, and tobacco substitute smoke(3).

TERRESTRIAL FATE: Based on a classification scheme(1), an estimated Koc value of 11(SRC), determined from a log Kow of 0.26(2) and a regression-derived equation(3), indicates that isopropylamine is expected to have very high mobility in soil(SRC). However, the pKa of isopropylamine is 10.6(4), indicating that this compound will exist almost entirely in the cation form in the environment and cations generally adsorb more strongly to soils containing organic carbon and clay than their neutral counterparts(5). Volatilization of isopropylamine from moist soil surfaces is not expected to be an important fate process because this compound exists almost entirely in the cation form at pH values of 5 to 9 and cations do not volatilize. Isopropylamine is expected to volatilize from dry soil surfaces(SRC) based upon a vapor pressure of 580 mm Hg at 25 °C(6). A 70-80% of theoretical BOD using activated sludge in the Manometric Respirometry test(7) suggests that biodegradation is an important environmental fate process in soil(SRC).|AQUATIC FATE: Based on a classification scheme(1), an estimated Koc value of 11(SRC), determined from a log Kow of 0.26(2) and a regression-derived equation(3), indicates that isopropylamine is not expected to adsorb to suspended solids and sediment(SRC). A pKa of 10.6(4) indicates isopropylamine will exist almost entirely in the cation form at pH values of 5 to 9 and, therefore, volatilization from water surfaces is not expected to be an important fate process(SRC). According to a classification scheme(5), an estimated BCF of 3.2(SRC), from its log Kow(2) and a regression-derived equation(3), suggests the potential for bioconcentration in aquatic organisms is low(SRC). A 70-80% of theoretical BOD using activated sludge in the Manometric Respirometry test(6) suggests that biodegradation is an important environmental fate process in water(SRC).|ATMOSPHERIC FATE: According to a model of gas/particle partitioning of semivolatile organic compounds in the atmosphere(1), isopropylamine, which has a vapor pressure of 580 mm Hg at 25 °C(2), is expected to exist solely as a vapor in the ambient atmosphere. Vapor-phase isopropylamine is degraded in the atmosphere by reaction with photochemically-produced hydroxyl radicals(SRC); the half-life for this reaction in air is estimated to be 3.3 hours(SRC), calculated from its rate constant of 3.9X10-13 cu cm/molecule-sec at 25 °C(SRC) that was derived using a structure estimation method(3). Isopropylamine does not contain chromophores that absorb at wavelengths >290 nm(4) and, therefore, is not expected to be susceptible to direct photolysis by sunlight(SRC).

The rate constant for the vapor-phase reaction of isopropylamine with photochemically-produced hydroxyl radicals has been estimated as 3.9X10-13 cu cm/molecule-sec at 25 °C(SRC) using a structure estimation method(1). This corresponds to an atmospheric half-life of about 3.3 hours at an atmospheric concentration of 5X10+5 hydroxyl radicals per cu cm(1). Isopropylamine is not expected to undergo hydrolysis in the environment due to the lack of functional groups that hydrolyze under environmental conditions(2). Isopropylamine does not contain chromophores that absorb at wavelengths >290 nm(2) and, therefore, is not expected to be susceptible to direct photolysis by sunlight(SRC).

An estimated BCF of 3.2 was calculated in fish for isopropylamine(SRC), using a log Kow of 0.26(1) and a regression-derived equation(2). According to a classification scheme(2), this BCF suggests the potential for bioconcentration in aquatic organisms is low(SRC).

The Koc of isopropylamine is estimated as 11(SRC), using a log Kow of 0.26(1) and a regression-derived equation(2). According to a classification scheme(3), this estimated Koc value suggests that isopropylamine is expected to have very high mobility in soil. The pKa of isopropylamine is 10.6(4), indicating that this compound will exist almost entirely in the cation form in the environment and cations generally adsorb more strongly to soils containing organic carbon and clay than their neutral counterparts(5).

A pKa of 10.6(1) indicates that isopropylamine will exist almost entirely in the cation form at pH values of 5 to 9 and, therefore, volatilization from water surfaces is not expected to be an important fate process. The potential for volatilization of isopropylamine from dry soil surfaces may exist(SRC) based upon a vapor pressure of 580 mm Hg(2).

SURFACE WATER: Isopropylamine was detected at a concentration of 4.2 ug/L in samples from the River Elbe, Germany; collection date not specified(1).

Isopropylamine was detected as a volatile component in boiled beef on unknown dates at unknown concentrations(1). Isopropylamine was detected in a sample of maize grain on unknown dates at a concentration of 2.3 mg/kg(2). Isopropylamine is reported as an odor and/or flavor used in cereal, fruit, meat, cheese and diary(3).

According to the 2016 TSCA Inventory Update Reporting data, 3 reporting facilities estimate the number of persons reasonably likely to be exposed during the manufacturing, processing, or use of isopropylamine in the United States may be as low as 500 workers and as high as 9,999 workers per plant; the data may be greatly underestimated due to confidential business information (CBI) or unknown values(1).|NIOSH (NOES Survey 1981-1983) has statistically estimated that 8,134 workers (3,173 of these were female) were potentially exposed to isopropylamine in the US(1). Occupational exposure to isopropylamine may occur through inhalation and dermal contact with this compound at workplaces where isopropylamine is produced or used. Monitoring data indicate that the general population may be exposed to isopropylamine via dermal contact with this compound or other consumer products containing isopropylamine(SRC).

Following a single intravenous injection of (14)C-isopropylamine HCl of 0.3 mg/kg bw into male Wistar rats, radioactivity was rapidly eliminated from the body via the urine with a half-life of about 2 to 4 hr. Following a single intraperitoneal injection of a similar dose, 97% of the radioactivity was excreted in the urine, all being identified as isopropylamine, 1.2% in the feces, and 1% in exhaled air. In in vitro experiments in which isopropylamine was incubated with rat liver microsomes in the presence of a NADPH-generating system, more than 94% was recovered as unchanged compound. /Isopropylamine HCl/|In mongrel dogs intravenously infused with isopropylamine (0.25 mg/kg/min, 45 min), an initial rapid and a subsequent slow decline in plasma levels with half life times of 5 and 146 min, respectively, were observed. These values indicate redistribution of isopropylamine into a tissue compartment followed by a slow release into and elimination from the blood. Examinations of tissues 2 hours post-infusion showed highest tissue/plasma ratios (ranging from approximately 5-17) for the kidneys (medulla, cortex), the spleen, the liver, the adrenal glands, and the lungs while significant amounts were found in sections of the brains (ratios of about 3-3.5) and the heart (ratios: ca. 2-3.5) (Pri82).|... Studies on the disposition of isopropylamine indicated that there was significant accumulation of isopropylamine in all tissues as compared to plasma. ...

Following a single intravenous injection of (14)C-isopropylamine HCl of 0.3 mg/kg bw into male Wistar rats, radioactivity was rapidly eliminated from the body via the urine with a half-life of about 2 to 4 hr. /Isopropylamine HCl/|In mongrel dogs intravenously infused with isopropylamine (0.25 mg/kg/min, 45 min), an initial rapid and a subsequent slow decline in plasma levels with half life times of 5 and 146 min, respectively, were observed.

Inhalation causes nose and throat irritation, severe coughing, and chest pain due to irritation of air passages; can cause lung edema and loss of consciousness. Ingestion causes nausea, salivation and severe irritation of mouth and stomach. Contact with eyes causes severe irritation and possible edema of the cornea. Contact with skin causes severe irritation. (USCG, 1999)

EYES: First check the victim for contact lenses and remove if present. Flush victim's eyes with water or normal saline solution for 20 to 30 minutes while simultaneously calling a hospital or poison control center. Do not put any ointments, oils, or medication in the victim's eyes without specific instructions from a physician. IMMEDIATELY transport the victim after flushing eyes to a hospital even if no symptoms (such as redness or irritation) develop. SKIN: IMMEDIATELY flood affected skin with water while removing and isolating all contaminated clothing. Gently wash all affected skin areas thoroughly with soap and water. IMMEDIATELY call a hospital or poison control center even if no symptoms (such as redness or irritation) develop. IMMEDIATELY transport the victim to a hospital for treatment after washing the affected areas. INHALATION: IMMEDIATELY leave the contaminated area; take deep breaths of fresh air. If symptoms (such as wheezing, coughing, shortness of breath, or burning in the mouth, throat, or chest) develop, call a physician and be prepared to transport the victim to a hospital. Provide proper respiratory protection to rescuers entering an unknown atmosphere. Whenever possible, Self-Contained Breathing Apparatus (SCBA) should be used; if not available, use a level of protection greater than or equal to that advised under Protective Clothing. INGESTION: DO NOT INDUCE VOMITING. Corrosive chemicals will destroy the membranes of the mouth, throat, and esophagus and volatile chemicals have a high risk of being aspirated into the victim's lungs during vomiting. Thus, the risk of increasing the medical problems by inducing vomiting of a volatile corrosive chemical is very high. If the victim is conscious and not convulsing, give 1 or 2 glasses of water to dilute the chemical and IMMEDIATELY call a hospital or poison control center. IMMEDIATELY transport the victim to a hospital. If the victim is convulsing or unconscious, do not give anything by mouth, ensure that the victim's airway is open and lay the victim on his/her side with the head lower than the body. DO NOT INDUCE VOMITING. IMMEDIATELY transport the victim to a hospital. (NTP, 1992)|(See procedures)

Fresh air, rest. Half-upright position. Artificial respiration may be needed. Refer for medical attention.

First rinse with plenty of water for at least 15 minutes, then remove contaminated clothes and rinse again. Refer for medical attention .

Rinse with plenty of water for several minutes (remove contact lenses if easily possible). Refer immediately for medical attention.

Immediate first aid: Ensure that adequate decontamination has been carried out. If patient is not breathing, start artificial respiration, preferably with a demand valve resuscitator, bag-valve-mask device, or pocket mask, as trained. Perform CPR if necessary. Immediately flush contaminated eyes with gently flowing water. Do not induce vomiting. If vomiting occurs, lean patient forward or place on the left side (head-down position, if possible) to maintain an open airway and prevent aspiration. Keep patient quiet and maintain normal body temperature. Obtain medical attention. /Organic bases/Amines and related compounds/|Basic treatment: Establish a patent airway (oropharyngeal or nasopharyngeal airway, if needed). Suction if necessary. Watch for signs of respiratory insufficiency and assist ventilations if necessary. Administer oxygen by nonrebreather mask at 10 to 15 L/min. Monitor for pulmonary edema and treat if necessary ... . Monitor for shock and treat if necessary ... . Anticipate seizures and treat if necessary ... . For eye contamination, flush eyes immediately with water. Irrigate each eye continuously with 0.9% saline (NS) during transport ... . Do not use emetics. For ingestion, rinse mouth and administer 5 mL/kg up to 200 mL of water for dilution if the patent can swallow, has a strong gag reflex, and does not drool. Administer activated charcoal ... . Cover skin burns with dry sterile dressings after decontamination ... . /Organic bases/Amines and related compounds/|Advanced treatment: Consider orotracheal or nasotracheal intubation for airway control in the patient who is unconscious, has severe pulmonary edema, or is in severe respiratory distress. Positive-pressure ventilation techniques with a bag-valve-mask device may be beneficial. Consider drug therapy for pulmonary edema ... . Monitor cardiac rhythm and treat arrhythmias as necessary ... . Start IV administration of D5W /SRP: "To keep open", minimal flow rate/. Use 0.9% saline (NS) or lactated Ringer's (LR) if signs of hypovolemia are present. For hypotension with signs of hypovolemia, administer fluid cautiously. If patient is unresponsive to these measures, vasopressors may be helpful. Watch for signs of fluid overload ... . Administer 1% solution methylene blue if patient is symptomatic with severe hypoxia, cyanosis, and cardiac compromise not responding to oxygen ... . Treat seizures with diazepam or lorazepam ... . Use proparacaine hydrochloride to assist eye irrigation ... . /Organic bases/Amines and related compounds/

/HUMAN EXPOSURE STUDIES/ Complaints of nose and throat irritation were reported by volunteer subjects after brief exposures at 10 to 20 ppm.|/SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS/ Workers complained of transient visual disturbances (halos around lights) after exposure to the vapor for 8 hours, probably resulting from mild corneal edema, which usually cleared in 3 to 4 hours.

2-propylamine

Serious local effects by all routes of exposure.|inhalation, skin absorption, ingestion, skin and/or eye contact

irritation eyes, skin, nose, throat; pulmonary edema; visual disturbance; eye, skin burns; dermatitis

Sore throat. Cough. Burning sensation. Shortness of breath. Laboured breathing.

Pain. Redness. Blisters. Skin burns.

Pain. Redness. Severe burns. Loss of vision.

Eyes, skin, respiratory system

54% as an int for the herbicides prometone, prometryne, propazine, andsancap; 20% as an int for surface active agents incl dodecylbenzenesulfonic acid, isopropylamine salt; 14% as an int for rubber chems; and 12% used in misc applications (1965)

Miscellaneous manufacturing|2-Propanamine: ACTIVE|It is available commercially in an anhydrous form.

Method: OSHA PV2126; Procedure: liquid chromatography with ultraviolet detector; Analyte: isopropylamine; Matrix: air; Detection Limit: 23 ppb.|Concentrations of isopropylamine in the air were determined by gas chromatography.|Gas chromatography/mass spectrometry was used to determine traces of isopropylamine in river water and sewage.

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