Acetyl chloride

78.5

78.50

605303

200-865-6

QD15RNO45K

0210

1717

DTXSID2023852

Liquid|Colorless fuming liquid

2915900090

17.1

-0.47

Clear colorless Liquid

1.1051 g/cm³ @ Temp: 20 °C

-112 °C

52 °C

40 °F

1.379

Miscible with acetone, chloroform, glacial acetic acid, petroleum ether, ether and benzene.

Store at RT

11.69 psi ( 20 °C)

2.7 (vs air)

Oral-Rat LD50: 910 mg/kg

Inflammable in case of fire, high temperature and oxidant; decomposes toxic phosgene in high heat; emits toxic chloride fumes in water

7.3-19%(V)

Pungent odor

9.10e-15 cm3/molecule*sec

Decomposed violently by water or alcohol|Highly refractive|Ratio of specific heats of vapor (gas): 1.1467|Liquid heat capacity: 0.350 Btu/lb-F at 70 °F|For more Other Experimental Properties (Complete) data for Acetyl chloride (8 total), please visit the HSDB record page.

Highly flammable. Fumes in air. Reacts violently with water producing heat and acidic HCl [Merck 11th ed. 1989]. Acetyl chloride reacts vigorously with water to generate gaseous HCl. Based on a scenario where the chemical is spilled into an excess of water (at least 5 fold excess of water), half of the maximum theoretical yield of Hydrogen Chloride gas will be created in 0.11 minutes. Experimental details are in the following: "Development of the Table of Initial Isolation and Protective Distances for the 2008 Emergency Response Guidebook", ANL/DIS-09-2, D.F. Brown, H.M. Hartmann, W.A. Freeman, and W.D. Haney, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois, June 2009.

Acyl Halides, Sulfonyl Halides, and Chloroformates

Highly Flammable

ACETYL CHLORIDE reacts violently with water, steam, methanol or ethanol to form hydrogen chloride and acetic acid. Reacts vigorously with bases, both organic and inorganic. Incompatible with oxidizing agents and alcohols. Produces highly toxic fumes of phosgene gas and chlorine when heated to decomposition [Sax, 9th ed., 1996, p. 35]. Reaction in a confined space with even a small amount of water may cause a violent eruption of gases [Bretherick, 5th ed., 1995, p. 281]. Vapor forms an explosive mixture with air [Kirk-Othmer, 3rd ed., Vol. 1, 1978, p. 162]. Polymerization reaction with dimethyl sulfoxide is particularly violent [Buckley, A., J. Chem. Ed., 1965, 42, p. 674]. May react vigorously or explosively if mixed with diisopropyl ether or other ethers in the presence of trace amounts of metal salts [J. Haz. Mat., 1981, 4, 291].

734 °F (USCG, 1999)|734 °F (390 °C)|390 °C

-6,000 btu/lb = -3,000 cal/g = -140X10X5 J/kg

Lower: 5.0% by volume

The vapour is heavier than air and may travel along the ground; distant ignition possible.

Corrosive|Corrosive to metals and tissue

160 btu/Lb = 88 cal/g = 3.7X10X5 J/kg

Critical temperature: 475 °F = 246 °C = 519 deg K; Critical pressure: 845 psia = 57.5 atm = 5.83 MN/sq m

II

3

UN 1717 3/PG 2

1

11-14-34-40-36/38

9-16-26-45-1/2-36/37

AO6390000

F,C,Xn

The warehouse is ventilated, low temperature and dry; stored separately from oxidants and acids

Corrosive to skin, eyes and mucous membranes

Stability Highly flammable. Reacts violently with DMSO, water, lower alcohols, and amines to generate toxic fumes. May form an explosive mixture with air. Note low flash point. Incompatible with water, alcohols, amines, strong bases, strong oxidizing agents, most common metals.

P210-P280-P305 + P351 + P338-P310

H225-H302-H314

Generators of waste (equal to or greater than 100 kg/mo) containing this contaminant, EPA hazardous waste number U006, must conform with USEPA regulations in storage, transportation, treatment and disposal of waste.|Product: Offer surplus and non-recyclable solutions to a licensed disposal company. Burn in a chemical incinerator equipped with an afterburner and scrubber but exert extra care in igniting as this material is highly flammable. Contact a licensed professional waste disposal service to dispose of this material; Contaminated packaging: Dispose of as unused product.|Acetyl chloride is a waste chemical stream constituent which may be subjected to ultimate disposal by controlled incineration.|A potential candidate for liquid injection incineration at a temperture range of 650 to 1,600 °C and a residence time 0.1 to 2 seconds. A potential candidate for rotary kiln incineration at a temperature range of 820 to 1,600 °C and residence times of seconds for liquids and gases, and hours for solids. A potential candidate for fluidized bed incineration at a temperature range of 450 to 980 °C and residence times of seconds for liquids and gases, and longer for solids.

Incompatible materials: Water, alcohols, oxidizing agents, strong bases.|Dimethyl sulfoxide decomposes violently on contact with ... acetyl choride ... .|Acetyl chloride reacts violently with ethyl alcohol or water.|Water reactive. Violent exothermic decomposition with water produces corrosive hydrochloric and acetic acids. Reacts violently with alcohols, alkalies, amines, and strong oxidizing materials.|For more Hazardous Reactivities and Incompatibilities (Complete) data for Acetyl chloride (9 total), please visit the HSDB record page.

UN 1717

Special Hazards of Combustion Products: When heated to decomposition, hydrogen chloride and phosgene, extremely poisonous gases, are evolved. Behavior in Fire: Vapor is heavier than air and may travel a considerable distance to a source of ignition and flash back. (USCG, 1999)|Highly flammable. Many reactions may cause fire or explosion. Gives off irritating or toxic fumes (or gases) in a fire. Vapour/air mixtures are explosive.|Corrosives, Flammable - 3rd degree, Reactive - 2nd degree

|Danger|H225: Highly Flammable liquid and vapor [Danger Flammable liquids]|P210, P233, P240, P241, P242, P243, P260, P264, P280, P301+P330+P331, P303+P361+P353, P304+P340, P305+P351+P338, P310, P321, P363, P370+P378, P403+P235, P405, and P501|H225 (100%): Highly Flammable liquid and vapor [Danger Flammable liquids]|P210, P233, P240, P241, P242, P243, P260, P264, P270, P280, P301+P312, P301+P330+P331, P303+P361+P353, P304+P340, P305+P351+P338, P310, P321, P330, P363, P370+P378, P403+P235, P405, and P501|Aggregated GHS information provided by 262 companies from 10 notifications to the ECHA C&L Inventory. Each notification may be associated with multiple companies.|P210, P233, P240, P241, P242, P243, P260, P264, P273, P280, P301+P330+P331, P303+P361+P353, P304+P340, P305+P351+P338, P310, P321, P363, P370+P378, P403+P235, P405, and P501|P210, P233, P240, P241, P242, P243, P260, P261, P264, P270, P271, P280, P301+P312, P301+P330+P331, P303+P361+P353, P304+P340, P305+P351+P338, P310, P312, P321, P330, P363, P370+P378, P403+P233, P403+P235, P405, and P501

Excerpt from ERG Guide 155 [Substances - Toxic and/or Corrosive (Flammable / Water-Sensitive)]: As an immediate precautionary measure, isolate spill or leak area in all directions for at least 50 meters (150 feet) for liquids and at least 25 meters (75 feet) for solids. SPILL: See ERG Table 1 - Initial Isolation and Protective Action Distances on the UN/NA 1717 datasheet. FIRE: If tank, rail car or tank truck is involved in a fire, ISOLATE for 800 meters (1/2 mile) in all directions; also, consider initial evacuation for 800 meters (1/2 mile) in all directions. (ERG, 2016)

Excerpt from ERG Guide 155 [Substances - Toxic and/or Corrosive (Flammable / Water-Sensitive)]: ELIMINATE all ignition sources (no smoking, flares, sparks or flames in immediate area). All equipment used when handling the product must be grounded. Do not touch damaged containers or spilled material unless wearing appropriate protective clothing. Stop leak if you can do it without risk. A vapor-suppressing foam may be used to reduce vapors. FOR CHLOROSILANES, use AFFF alcohol-resistant medium-expansion foam to reduce vapors. DO NOT GET WATER on spilled substance or inside containers. Use water spray to reduce vapors or divert vapor cloud drift. Avoid allowing water runoff to contact spilled material. Prevent entry into waterways, sewers, basements or confined areas. SMALL SPILL: Cover with DRY earth, DRY sand or other non-combustible material followed with plastic sheet to minimize spreading or contact with rain. Use clean, non-sparking tools to collect material and place it into loosely covered plastic containers for later disposal. (ERG, 2016)

Safety goggles; rubber or plastic gloves; self-contained breathing apparatus. (USCG, 1999)|Eye/face protection: Tightly fitting safety goggles. Faceshield (8-inch minimum). Use equipment for eye protection tested and approved under appropriate government standards such as NIOSH (US) or EN 166(EU).|Skin protection: Handle with gloves.|Body Protection: Complete suit protecting against chemicals. Flame retardant antistatic protective clothing. The type of protective equipment must be selected according to the concentration and amount of the dangerous substance at the specific workplace.|Respiratory protection: Where risk assessment shows air-purifying respirators are appropriate use a full-face respirator with multipurpose combination (US) or type AXBEK (EN 14387) respirator cartridges as a backup to engineering controls. If the respirator is the sole means of protection, use a full-face supplied air respirator. Use respirators and components tested and approved under appropriate government standards such as NIOSH (US) or CEN (EU).

Dangerous fire hazard when exposed to heat or flame.|Flammable.

Explosive limits , vol% in air: 7.3-19

Suitable extinguishing media: Dry powder, dry sand. Unsuitable extinguishing media: Do NOT use water jet.|Advice for firefighters: Wear self-contained breathing apparatus for firefighting if necessary.|To fight fire, use /carbon dioxide/ or dry chemical.|If material on fire or involved in fire: Use dry chemical or carbon dioxide. Do not use water on material itself. If large quantities of combustibles are involved, use water in flooding quantities as spray and fog. Use water spray to knock-down vapors. Cool all affected containers with flooding quantities of water. Apply water from as far a distance as possible.|For more Fire Fighting Procedures (Complete) data for Acetyl chloride (6 total), please visit the HSDB record page.

Varpors are heavier than air and may travel to a source of ignition and flash back. ... Closed containers may rupture violently when heated.

ACCIDENTAL RELEASE MEASURES: Personal precautions, protective equipment and emergency procedures: Use personal protective equipment. Avoid breathing vapors, mist or gas. Ensure adequate ventilation. Remove all sources of ignition. Evacuate personnel to safe areas. Beware of vapors accumulating to form explosive concentrations. Vapors can accumulate in low areas. Environmental precautions: Prevent further leakage or spillage if safe to do so. Do not let product enter drains. Discharge into the environment must be avoided. Methods and materials for containment and cleaning up: Contain spillage, and then collect with non-combustible absorbent material, (e.g. sand, earth, diatomaceous earth, vermiculite) and place in container for disposal according to local/national regulations. Do not flush with water.|Wear special protective clothing and positive pressure self-contained breathing apparatus. Eliminate all ignition sources. Stop or control the leak, if this can be done without undue risk. Approach release from upwind. Control runoff and isolate discharged material for proper disposal.|Environmental considerations - Land spill: Dig a pit, pond, lagoon, holding area to contain liquid or solid material. /SRP: If time permits, pits, ponds, lagoons, soak holes, or holding areas should be sealed with an impermeable flexible membrane liner./ Dike surface flow using soil, sand bags, foamed polyurethane, or foamed concrete. Absorb bulk liquid with fly ash, cement powder, or commercial sorbents. Neutralize with agricultural lime (CaO), crushed limestone (CaCO3) or sodium bicarbonate (NaHCO3). Apply "universal" gelling agent to immobilize spill.|Environmental considerations - Water spill: Neutralize with agricultural lime (CaO), crushed limestone (CaCO3), or sodium bicarbonate (NaHCO3). Use mechanical dredges or lifts to remove immobilized masses of pollutants and precipitates.|Environmental considerations - Air spill: Apply water spray or mist to knock down vapors. Vapor knockdown water is corrosive or toxic and should be diked for containment.

ACCIDENTAL RELEASE MEASURES: Personal precautions, protective equipment and emergency procedures: Use personal protective equipment. Avoid breathing vapors, mist or gas. Ensure adequate ventilation. Remove all sources of ignition. Evacuate personnel to safe areas. Beware of vapors accumulating to form explosive concentrations. Vapors can accumulate in low areas. Environmental precautions: Prevent further leakage or spillage if safe to do so. Do not let product enter drains. Discharge into the environment must be avoided.|Precautions for safe handling: Avoid inhalation of vapor or mist. Flash back possible over considerable distance. Use explosion-proof equipment. Keep away from sources of ignition - No smoking. Take measures to prevent the build up of electrostatic charge.|Appropriate engineering controls: Handle in accordance with good industrial hygiene and safety practice. Wash hands before breaks and at the end of workday.|Gloves must be inspected prior to use. Use proper glove removal technique (without touching glove's outer surface) to avoid skin contact with this product. Dispose of contaminated gloves after use in accordance with applicable laws and good laboratory practices. Wash and dry hands.|For more Preventive Measures (Complete) data for Acetyl chloride (8 total), please visit the HSDB record page.

If ... THERE IS NO FIRE, go directly to the Table of Initial Isolation and Protective Action Distances /(see table below)/ ... to obtain initial isolation and protective action distances. IF THERE IS A FIRE, or IF A FIRE IS INVOLVED, go directly to the appropriate guide /(see guide(s) below)/ and use the evacuation information shown under PUBLIC SAFETY.|Table of Water-Reactive Materials Which Produce Toxic Gases.|/GUIDE 155 SUBSTANCES - TOXIC and/or CORROSIVE (Flammable/Water-Sensitive)/ Fire or Explosion: HIGHLY FLAMMABLE: Will be easily ignited by heat, sparks or flames. Vapors form explosive mixtures with air: indoors, outdoors and sewers explosion hazards. Most vapors are heavier than air. They will spread along ground and collect in low or confined areas (sewers, basements, tanks). Vapors may travel to source of ignition and flash back. Those substances designated with a (P) may polymerize explosively when heated or involved in a fire. Substance will react with water (some violently) releasing flammable, toxic or corrosive gases and runoff. Contact with metals may evolve flammable hydrogen gas. Containers may explode when heated or if contaminated with water.|/GUIDE 155 SUBSTANCES - TOXIC and/or CORROSIVE (Flammable/Water-Sensitive)/ Health: TOXIC; inhalation, ingestion or contact (skin, eyes) with vapors, dusts or substance may cause severe injury, burns or death. Bromoacetates and chloroacetates are extremely irritating/lachrymators. Reaction with water or moist air will release toxic, corrosive or flammable gases. Reaction with water may generate much heat that will increase the concentration of fumes in the air. Fire will produce irritating, corrosive and/or toxic gases. Runoff from fire control or dilution water may be corrosive and/or toxic and cause pollution.|For more DOT Emergency Guidelines (Complete) data for Acetyl chloride (10 total), please visit the HSDB record page.

No person may /transport,/ offer or accept a hazardous material for transportation in commerce unless that person is registered in conformance ... and the hazardous material is properly classed, described, packaged, marked, labeled, and in condition for shipment as required or authorized by ... /the hazardous materials regulations (49 CFR 171-177)./|The International Air Transport Association (IATA) Dangerous Goods Regulations are published by the IATA Dangerous Goods Board pursuant to IATA Resolutions 618 and 619 and constitute a manual of industry carrier regulations to be followed by all IATA Member airlines when transporting hazardous materials. Acetyl chloride is included on the dangerous goods list.|The International Maritime Dangerous Goods Code lays down basic principles for transporting hazardous chemicals. Detailed recommendations for individual substances and a number of recommendations for good practice are included in the classes dealing with such substances. A general index of technical names has also been compiled. This index should always be consulted when attempting to locate the appropriate procedures to be used when shipping any substance or article. Acetyl bromide is included on the dangerous goods list.

A human systemic irritant by inhalation.

Evacuate danger area! Consult an expert! Personal protection: complete protective clothing including self-contained breathing apparatus. Do NOT let this chemical enter the environment. Do NOT wash away into sewer. Collect leaking and spilled liquid in sealable containers as far as possible. Absorb remaining liquid in sand or inert absorbent. Then store and dispose of according to local regulations.

Fireproof. Store in an area without drain or sewer access. Separated from incompatible materials. See Chemical Dangers. Dry. Well closed.

No indication can be given about the rate at which a harmful concentration of this substance in the air is reached.

The substance is corrosive to the eyes and skin. The vapour is severely irritating to the eyes and respiratory tract. Corrosive on ingestion. Exposure at high concentrations could cause asphyxiation due to swelling in the throat. Inhalation of high concentrations may cause lung oedema, but only after initial corrosive effects on the eyes and the upper respiratory tract have become manifest. The effects may be delayed. Medical observation is indicated.

Repeated or chronic inhalation of the vapour may cause chronic inflammation of the upper respiratory tract. Repeated or prolonged inhalation of high concentrations may cause effects on the lungs.

NO open flames, NO sparks and NO smoking. NO contact with hot surfaces. Closed system, ventilation, explosion-proof electrical equipment and lighting. Prevent build-up of electrostatic charges (e.g., by grounding). Do NOT use compressed air for filling, discharging, or handling. Use non-sparking handtools.

AVOID ALL CONTACT! IN ALL CASES CONSULT A DOCTOR!

Use breathing protection. Use closed system or ventilation.

Protective gloves. Protective clothing.

Wear safety spectacles, face shield or eye protection in combination with breathing protection.

This action promulgates standards of performance for equipment leaks of Volatile Organic Compounds (VOC) in the Synthetic Organic Chemical Manufacturing Industry (SOCMI). The intended effect of these standards is to require all newly constructed, modified, and reconstructed SOCMI process units to use the best demonstrated system of continuous emission reduction for equipment leaks of VOC, considering costs, non air quality health and environmental impact and energy requirements. Acetyl chloride is produced, as an intermediate or a final product, by process units covered under this subpart.

| 3 - Materials that, under emergency conditions, can cause serious or permanent injury.| 3 - Liquids and solids that can be ignited under almost all ambient temperature conditions. Materials produce hazardous atmospheres with air under almost all ambient temperatures or, though unaffected by ambient temperatures, are readily ignited under almost all conditions.| 2 - Materials that readily undergo violent chemical changes at elevated temperatures and pressures.|W - No water: Materials that react violently or explosively with water.

U006; A toxic waste when a discarded commercial chemical product or manufacturing chemical intermediate or an off-specification commercial chemical product or a manufacturing chemical intermediate.

Persons in charge of vessels or facilities are required to notify the National Response Center (NRC) immediately, when there is a release of this designated hazardous substance, in an amount equal to or greater than its reportable quantity of 5000 lb or 2270 kg. The toll free number of the NRC is (800) 424-8802. The rule for determining when notification is required is stated in 40 CFR 302.4 (section IV. D.3.b).

U006; As stipulated in 40 CFR 261.33, when acetyl chloride, as a commercial chemical product or manufacturing chemical intermediate or an off-specification commercial chemical product or a manufacturing chemical intermediate, becomes a waste, it must be managed according to Federal and/or State hazardous waste regulations. Also defined as a hazardous waste is any residue, contaminated soil, water, or other debris resulting from the cleanup of a spill, into water or on dry land, of this waste. Generators of small quantities of this waste may qualify for partial exclusion from hazardous waste regulations (40 CFR 261.5).

moderately toxic

IDENTIFICATION AND USE: Acetyl chloride is a colorless fuming liquid. It is used as an acetylating agent, reagent in testing for cholesterol, and for determination of water in organic liquids. HUMAN STUDIES: There are no data available. ANIMAL STUDIES: In the Ames test using Salmonella culture strains TA97 TA100 TA1535 TA1537 acetyl chloride was not mutagenic with or without exogenous metabolic activation. Genotoxic activity of acetyl chloride was investigated in both somatic and germ cells of Drosophila melanogaster. Only marginal genotoxic activities were observed in these cells.

LD50 Rat oral 910 mg/kg

Acetyl chloride's production and use in chemical synthesis (acetylating agent), particularly in the manufacture of pharmaceuticals and dyestuffs(1,2), in testing for cholesterol, and determination of water in organic liquids(2) may result in its release to the environment through various waste streams(SRC).

TERRESTRIAL FATE: Based on a classification scheme(1), an estimated Koc value of 1(SRC), determined from a structure estimation method(2), indicates that acetyl chloride is expected to have very high mobility in soil(SRC). In view of its violent decomposition in the presence of water(3) and the high reactivity of structurally-similar compounds with active hydrogen groups that occur in soil(4), it is unlikely that acetyl chloride would persist for long in moist soils(SRC). Acetyl chloride is expected to volatilize from dry soil surfaces(SRC) based upon a vapor pressure of 287 mm Hg at 25 °C(5). Biodegradation data in soil were not available(SRC, 2018).|AQUATIC FATE: Acetyl chloride decomposes violently in the presence of water(1) and, therefore, will not persist in the aquatic environment(SRC). Adsorption to sediment, volatilization, bioconcentration in aquatic species or biodegradation are not expected because of the very short lifetime of this compound in water(SRC).|ATMOSPHERIC FATE: According to a model of gas/particle partitioning of semivolatile organic compounds in the atmosphere(1), acetyl chloride, which has a vapor pressure of 287 mm Hg at 25 °C(2), is expected to exist solely as a vapor in the ambient atmosphere. Vapor-phase acetyl chloride may be degraded in the atmosphere by reaction with photochemically-produced hydroxyl radicals(SRC); the half-life for this reaction in air is estimated to be 5 years(SRC), calculated from its rate constant of 9.1X10-15 cu cm/molecule-sec at 25 °C(3). However, acetyl chloride decomposes violently in the presence of water(4) and fumes in the presence of moist air(5). Acetyl chloride contains chromophores that absorb at wavelengths >290 nm(6) and, therefore, may be susceptible to direct photolysis by sunlight(SRC).

Acetyl chloride decomposes violently with water and alcohol(1), fuming in moist air(2) and being easily hydrolyzed to acetic acid and hydrochloric acid by body moisture (e.g. mucous membrane, skin)(3). It will, therefore, not persist for any length of time in the environment where water is present. The rate constant for the vapor-phase reaction of acetyl chloride with photochemically-produced hydroxyl radicals is 9.1X10-15 cu cm/molecule-sec at 25 °C(4). This corresponds to an atmospheric half-life of about 5 years at an atmospheric concentration of 5X10+5 hydroxyl radicals per cu cm(SRC). Acetyl chloride contains chromophores that absorb at wavelengths >290 nm(5) and, therefore, may be susceptible to direct photolysis by sunlight(SRC).

Acetyl chloride will decompose violently in water(1) forming acetic acid and hydrochloric acid(2). Because of its short half-life in water, bioconcentration of acetyl chloride in aquatic organisms is very unlikely(SRC).

Using a structure estimation method based on molecular connectivity indices(1), the Koc of acetyl chloride can be estimated to be 1(SRC). According to a classification scheme(2), this estimated Koc value suggests that acetyl chloride is expected to have very high mobility in soil(SRC). However, in view of its violent decomposition in the presence of water(3) and the high reactivity of this compound towards molecules with active hydrogen groups such as natural products containing amine, phenol, and alcohol functional groups that occur in soil(4), it is unlikely that acetyl chloride would persist for long in moist soils(SRC).

Acetyl chloride will decompose violently in water(1) preempting volatilization from water or soil surfaces as a fate process(SRC). For the same reason, volatilization from moist soil surfaces is very unlikely(SRC). The potential for volatilization of acetyl chloride from dry soil surfaces may exist(SRC) based upon a vapor pressure of 287 mm Hg(2).

NIOSH (NOES Survey 1981-1983) has statistically estimated that 2535 workers (574 of these are female) are potentially exposed to acetyl chloride in the US(1). Occupational exposure to acetyl chloride may occur through inhalation and dermal contact with this compound at workplaces where acetyl chloride is produced or used. The general population is not likely to be exposed to acetyl chloride(SRC).|Inhalation and ingestion.|Workers may be exposed through skin contact(1).

Acetyl chloride frequently contains 1-2% by weight of acetic acid or hydrochloric acid. Phosphorus or sulfur-containing acids may also be present in the commercial material.

Vapor irritates mucous membranes. Ingestion of liquid or contact with eyes or skin causes severe irritation. (USCG, 1999)

EYES: First check the victim for contact lenses and remove if present. Flush victim's eyes with water or normal saline solution for 20 to 30 minutes while simultaneously calling a hospital or poison control center. Do not put any ointments, oils, or medication in the victim's eyes without specific instructions from a physician. IMMEDIATELY transport the victim after flushing eyes to a hospital even if no symptoms (such as redness or irritation) develop. SKIN: IMMEDIATELY flood affected skin with water while removing and isolating all contaminated clothing. Gently wash all affected skin areas thoroughly with soap and water. IMMEDIATELY call a hospital or poison control center even if no symptoms (such as redness or irritation) develop. IMMEDIATELY transport the victim to a hospital for treatment after washing the affected areas. INHALATION: IMMEDIATELY leave the contaminated area; take deep breaths of fresh air. If symptoms (such as wheezing, coughing, shortness of breath, or burning in the mouth, throat, or chest) develop, call a physician and be prepared to transport the victim to a hospital. Provide proper respiratory protection to rescuers entering an unknown atmosphere. Whenever possible, Self-Contained Breathing Apparatus (SCBA) should be used; if not available, use a level of protection greater than or equal to that advised under Protective Clothing. INGESTION: DO NOT INDUCE VOMITING. Corrosive chemicals will destroy the membranes of the mouth, throat, and esophagus and volatile chemicals have a high risk of being aspirated into the victim's lungs during vomiting. Thus, the risk of increasing the medical problems by inducing vomiting of a volatile corrosive chemical is very high. If the victim is conscious and not convulsing, give 1 or 2 glasses of water to dilute the chemical and IMMEDIATELY call a hospital or poison control center. IMMEDIATELY transport the victim to a hospital. If the victim is convulsing or unconscious, do not give anything by mouth, ensure that the victim's airway is open and lay the victim on his/her side with the head lower than the body. DO NOT INDUCE VOMITING. IMMEDIATELY transport the victim to a hospital. (NTP, 1992)

Fresh air, rest. Half-upright position. Artificial respiration may be needed. Refer immediately for medical attention.

Wear protective gloves when administering first aid. First rinse with plenty of water for at least 15 minutes, then remove contaminated clothes and rinse again. Refer immediately for medical attention.

Rinse with plenty of water (remove contact lenses if easily possible). Refer immediately for medical attention.

Immediate first aid: Ensure that adequate decontamination has been carried out. If patient is not breathing, start artificial respiration, preferably with a demand-valve resuscitator, bag-valve-mask device, or pocket mask, as trained. Perform CPR if necessary. Immediately flush contaminated eyes with gently flowing water. Do not induce vomiting. If vomiting occurs, lean patient forward or place on left side (head-down position, if possible) to maintain an open airway and prevent aspiration. Keep patient quiet and maintain normal body temperature. Obtain medical attention. /Organic acids and related compounds/|Basic treatment: Establish a patent airway (oropharyngeal or nasopharyngeal airway, if needed). Suction if necessary. Watch for signs of respiratory insufficiency and assist respirations if necessary. Administer oxygen by nonrebreather mask at 10 to 15 L/min. Monitor for pulmonary edema and treat if necessary ... . Monitor for shock and treat if necessary ... . For eye contamination, flush eyes immediately with water. Irrigate each eye continuously with 0.9% saline (NS) during transport ... . Do not use emetics. For ingestion, rinse mouth and administer 5 mL/kg up to 200 mL of water for dilution if the patient can swallow, has a strong gag reflex, and does not drool. Activated charcoal is not effective ... . Do not attempt to neutralize, because of exothermic reaction. Cover skin burns with dry, sterile dressings after decontamination ... . /Organic acids and related compounds/|Advanced treatment: Consider orotracheal or nasotracheal intubation for airway control in the patient who is unconscious, has severe pulmonary edema, or is in severe respiratory distress. Early intubation, at the first sign of upper airway obstruction, may be necessary. Positive-pressure ventilation techniques with a bag-valve-mask device may be beneficial. Consider drug therapy for pulmonary edema ... . Consider administering a beta agonist such as albuterol for severe bronchospasm ... . Monitor cardiac rhythm and treat arrhythmias as necessary ... . Start IV administration of D5W /SRP: "To keep open", minimal flow rate/. Use 0.9% saline (NS) or lactated Ringer's (LR) if signs of hypovolemia are present. For hypotension with signs of hypovolemia, administer fluid cautiously. Consider vasopressors if patient is hypotensive with a normal fluid volume. Watch for signs of fluid overload ... . Use proparacaine hydrochloride to assist eye irrigation ... . /Organic acids and related compounds/

acetyl chloride

Serious local effects by all routes of exposure.

Cough. Sore throat. Burning sensation. Shortness of breath.

Redness. Pain. Burning sensation. Blisters. Serious skin burns.

Redness. Pain. Severe burns.

Pesticide, fertilizer, and other agricultural chemical manufacturing|Acetyl chloride: ACTIVE|Acetyl chloride is normally consumed at the site of generation since transportation and storage are difficult.

Fire Hazards -> Corrosives, Flammable - 3rd degree, Reactive - 2nd degree