Dimethoxymethane

76.09440

76.09

203-714-2

7H1M4G2NUE

1152

1234

DTXSID1025564

COLORLESS, CLEAR LIQUID|Colorless solid.

2909199090

18.46000

0.23670

Methylal appears as a clear colorless liquid with a chloroform-like odor. Flash point 0°F. Boiling point 42.3°C. Density 0.864 g / cm3 at 68°F (20°C). Vapors heavier than air.

0.8593 g/cm³ @ Temp: 20 °C

-105 °C

41.6 °C @ Press: 760 Torr

-18ºC

1.3525-1.3545

H2O: 32.3 g/100 mL (16 ºC)

2-8ºC

364.565mmHg at 25°C

2.6

LD50 orally in Rabbit: 6653 mg/kg

Class IB Flammable Liquid: Fl.P. below 73°F and BP at or above 100°F.

vol% in air: 2.2 19.9

CHLOROFORM ODOR

PUNGENT TASTE

4.90e-12 cm3/molecule*sec

1.73e-04 atm-m3/mole|Henry's Law constant= 1.63X10-4 atm-cu m/mole (calc).

HYDROLYZE READILY IN PRESENCE OF ACIDS TO GENERATE ALDEHYDES /KETALS/|Sat conc 1,367 g/cu m @ 20 °C|Ratio of specific heats of vapor (gas)= 1.0888

Highly flammable. Water soluble.

Acetals, Ketals, Hemiacetals, and Hemiketals

Highly Flammable

METHYLAL, an acetal, is incompatible with strong oxidizing agents and acids (NIOSH, 2016). Breaks down to formaldehyde and methanol in acidic solutions. A very dangerous fire hazard when exposed to heat, flame or oxidizing agents. May ignite or explode if heated with oxygen [Lewis].

Dimethoxymethane|D: Other compounds that may form peroxides|2 samples had >100 ppm peroxide; age 2-10 yrs|Kelly|Molem, M. J. et al., Chem. Abs., 1975, 83, 45495

459 °F (USCG, 1999)|459 °F (237 °C)|235 °C

-10,970 BTU/LB= -6,100 CAL/G= -255X10+5 JL/KG

10.00 eV

Lower flammable limit: 2.2% by volume; Upper flammable limit: 13.8% by volume|Class IB Flammable Liquid: Fl.P. below 73°F and BP at or above 100°F.

The vapour is heavier than air and may travel along the ground; distant ignition possible.

161.5 BTU/LB= 89.8 CAL/G= 3.76X10+5 JL/KG

CRITICAL TEMP: 419 °F= 215 °C= 488 DEG K

II

3

UN 1234

1

R11; R36/37/38

S16-S26-S37/39

PA8750000

F; Xi

Fireproof. Separated from strong oxidants and strong bases. Cool. Keep in the dark. Well closed. Store only if stabilized. Store in an area without drain or sewer access.

Stable. Extremely flammable. Readily forms explosive mixtures with air. Note low flash point and wide explosive limits.

P210-P370 + P378-P403 + P235

H225

... MAY BE DISPOSED OF BY DISSOLVING IN ALCOHOL OF GREATER MOLECULAR WEIGHT THAN BUTYL ALCOHOL & ATOMIZING IN SUITABLE COMBUSTION CHAMBER.

Strong oxidizers, acids.

FLAMMABLE. Irritating gases may be produced when heated. Containers may explode in fire. Flashback along vapor trail may occur. Vapor may explode if ignited in an enclosed area. Irritating formaldehyde gas may be present in smoke. (USCG, 1999)|Highly flammable. Heating will cause rise in pressure with risk of bursting. Vapour/air mixtures are explosive. Risk of fire and explosion on contact with strong oxidizing agents or strong bases.|Flammable - 3rd degree, Reactive - 1st degree

|Danger|H225 (100%): Highly Flammable liquid and vapor [Danger Flammable liquids]|P210, P233, P240, P241, P242, P243, P261, P264, P271, P280, P302+P352, P303+P361+P353, P304+P340, P305+P351+P338, P312, P321, P332+P313, P337+P313, P362, P370+P378, P403+P233, P403+P235, P405, and P501|Aggregated GHS information provided by 389 companies from 18 notifications to the ECHA C&L Inventory. Each notification may be associated with multiple companies.|H225: Highly Flammable liquid and vapor [Danger Flammable liquids]

Excerpt from ERG Guide 127 [Flammable Liquids (Water-Miscible)]: As an immediate precautionary measure, isolate spill or leak area for at least 50 meters (150 feet) in all directions. LARGE SPILL: Consider initial downwind evacuation for at least 300 meters (1000 feet). FIRE: If tank, rail car or tank truck is involved in a fire, ISOLATE for 800 meters (1/2 mile) in all directions; also, consider initial evacuation for 800 meters (1/2 mile) in all directions. (ERG, 2016)

Excerpt from ERG Guide 127 [Flammable Liquids (Water-Miscible)]: ELIMINATE all ignition sources (no smoking, flares, sparks or flames in immediate area). All equipment used when handling the product must be grounded. Do not touch or walk through spilled material. Stop leak if you can do it without risk. Prevent entry into waterways, sewers, basements or confined areas. A vapor-suppressing foam may be used to reduce vapors. Absorb or cover with dry earth, sand or other non-combustible material and transfer to containers. Use clean, non-sparking tools to collect absorbed material. LARGE SPILL: Dike far ahead of liquid spill for later disposal. Water spray may reduce vapor, but may not prevent ignition in closed spaces. (ERG, 2016)

Skin: Wear appropriate personal protective clothing to prevent skin contact. Eyes: Wear appropriate eye protection to prevent eye contact. Wash skin: The worker should immediately wash the skin when it becomes contaminated. Remove: Work clothing that becomes wet should be immediately removed due to its flammability hazard(i.e. for liquids with flash point Change: No recommendation is made specifying the need for the worker to change clothing after the work shift. (NIOSH, 2016)|SELF-CONTAINED BREATHING APPARATUS OR ALL-PURPOSE CANISTER MASK; RUBBER GLOVES; CHEMICAL SAFETY GOGGLES; IMPERVIOUS APRON & BOOTS.|Wear appropriate personal protective clothing to prevent skin contact.|Wear appropriate eye protection to prevent eye contact.|Recommendations for respirator selection. Max concn for use: 2200 ppm. Respirator Class(es): Any supplied-air respirator. Any self-contained breathing apparatus with a full facepiece.|For more Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) (Complete) data for METHYLAL (6 total), please visit the HSDB record page.|(See protection codes)

DANGEROUS, WHEN EXPOSED TO HEAT, FLAME, OXIDIZERS

Moderate, when exposed to heat or flame.|Explosive limits , vol% in air: 2.2 - 19.9

TO FIGHT FIRE: FOAM, CARBON DIOXIDE, DRY CHEMICAL ...|Water may be ineffective. Alcohol foam.

1. REMOVE ALL IGNITION SOURCES. 2. VENTILATE AREA OF SPILL OR LEAK. 3. FOR SMALL QUANTITIES, ABSORB ON PAPER TOWELS. EVAPORATE IN SAFE PLACE (SUCH AS FUME HOOD). ALLOW SUFFICIENT TIME TO COMPLETELY CLEAR HOOD DUCTWORK. BURN PAPER IN SUITABLE LOCATION AWAY FROM COMBUSTIBLE MATERIALS. 3. LARGE QUANTITIES CAN BE COLLECTED, DISSOLVED IN ALC OF GREATER MOLECULAR WT THAN BUTYL ALC, & ATOMIZED IN SUITABLE COMBUSTION CHAMBER. METHYLAL SHOULD NOT BE ALLOWED TO ENTER CONFINED SPACE, SUCH AS SEWER, BECAUSE OF THE POSSIBILITY OF AN EXPLOSION.

SRP: The scientific literature supports the wearing of contact lenses in industrial environments, as part of a program to protect the eye against chemical compounds and minerals causing eye irritation. However, there may be individual substances whose irritating or corrosive properties are such that the wearing of contact lenses would be harmful to the eye. In those specific cases contact lenses should not be worn.|SAFE-HANDLING PRECAUTIONS SHOULD INCL USE OF ADEQUATE VENTILATION TO BE CERTAIN THAT AVG CONCN ARE WELL BELOW 1000 PPM, & AVOIDANCE OF EXCESSIVE OR PROLONGED SKIN CONTACT. METHYLAL SHOULD BE HANDLED WITH DUE REGARD FOR ITS FLAMMABLE PROPERTIES.|To prevent injury from occurring as a result of contact with an aldehyde in the form of liquid or vapor, the process in which the substance is present should, if possible be conducted in enclosed plant. If openings are necessary for the purposes of manipulation, vapor should be prevented from escaping into the workroom by the application of exhaust ventilation to the plant or enclosure. When the process cannot be enclosed, exhaust ventilation hoods should be fitted to trap and extract escaping vapor before it can diffuse into the workroom atmosphere. /Aldehydes and ketals/|The worker should immediately wash the skin when it becomes contaminated.|Work clothing that becomes wet should be immediately removed due to its flammability hazard.

/GUIDE 127: FLAMMABLE LIQUIDS (Polar/Water-Miscible)/ Fire or Explosion: HIGHLY FLAMMABLE: Will be easily ignited by heat, sparks or flames. Vapors may form explosive mixtures with air. Vapors may travel to source of ignition and flash back. Most vapors are heavier than air. They will spread along ground and collect in low or confined areas (sewers, basements, tanks). Vapor explosion hazard indoors, outdoors or in sewers. Those substances designated with a (P) may polymerize explosively when heated or involved in a fire. Runoff to sewer may create fire or explosion hazard. Containers may explode when heated. Many liquids are lighter than water.|/GUIDE 127: FLAMMABLE LIQUIDS (Polar/Water-Miscible)/ Health: Inhalation or contact with material may irritate or burn skin and eyes. Fire may produce irritating, corrosive and/or toxic gases. Vapors may cause dizziness or suffocation. Runoff from fire control may cause pollution.|/GUIDE 127: FLAMMABLE LIQUIDS (Polar/Water-Miscible)/ Public Safety: CALL Emergency Response Telephone Number on Shipping Paper first. If Shipping Paper not available or no answer, refer to appropriate telephone number listed on the inside back cover. As an immediate precautionary measure, isolate spill or leak area for at least 50 meters (150 feet) in all directions. Keep unauthorized personnel away. Stay upwind. Keep out of low areas. Ventilate closed spaces before entering.|/GUIDE 127: FLAMMABLE LIQUIDS (Polar/Water-Miscible)/ Protective Clothing: Wear positive pressure self-contained breathing apparatus (SCBA). Structural firefighters' protective clothing will only provide limited protection.|For more DOT Emergency Guidelines (Complete) data for METHYLAL (8 total), please visit the HSDB record page.

No person may /transport,/ offer or accept a hazardous material for transportation in commerce unless that person is registered in conformance ... and the hazardous material is properly classed, described, packaged, marked, labeled, and in condition for shipment as required or authorized by ... /the hazardous materials regulations (49 CFR 171-177)./|The International Air Transport Association (IATA) Dangerous Goods Regulations are published by the IATA Dangerous Goods Board pursuant to IATA Resolutions 618 and 619 and constitute a manual of industry carrier regulations to be followed by all IATA Member airlines when transporting hazardous materials.|The International Maritime Dangerous Goods Code lays down basic principles for transporting hazardous chemicals. Detailed recommendations for individual substances and a number of recommendations for good practice are included in the classes dealing with such substances. A general index of technical names has also been compiled. This index should always be consulted when attempting to locate the appropriate procedures to be used when shipping any substance or article.

INHALATION CAUSES IRRITATION OF RESP SYSTEM & DEPRESSION OF CNS. LIQ CAUSES IRRITATION OF EYES & WILL IRRITATE SKIN IF ALLOWED TO REMAIN.

8 hr Time-Weighted avg: 1,000 ppm (3,100 mg/cu m)

10 hr Time-Weighted avg: 1,000 ppm (3,100 mg/cu m).

Consult an expert! Personal protection: filter respirator for organic vapours of low boiling point adapted to the airborne concentration of the substance. Remove all ignition sources. Cover the spilled material with sand or other non-combustible material. Collect leaking liquid in covered containers. Absorb remaining liquid in sand or inert absorbent. Then store and dispose of according to local regulations.

Fireproof. Separated from strong oxidants and strong bases. Cool. Keep in the dark. Well closed. Store only if stabilized. Store in an area without drain or sewer access.

A harmful contamination of the air can be reached rather quickly on evaporation of this substance at 20 °C.

The substance is irritating to the eyes and respiratory tract. The substance may cause effects on the central nervous system. Exposure far above the OEL could cause unconsciousness.

The substance defats the skin, which may cause dryness or cracking.

NO open flames, NO sparks and NO smoking. NO contact with strong oxidizing agents or strong bases. Closed system, ventilation, explosion-proof electrical equipment and lighting. Do NOT use compressed air for filling, discharging, or handling.

Use ventilation, local exhaust or breathing protection.

Protective gloves.

Wear safety spectacles.

| 2 - Materials that, under emergency conditions, can cause temporary incapacitation or residual injury.| 3 - Liquids and solids that can be ignited under almost all ambient temperature conditions. Materials produce hazardous atmospheres with air under almost all ambient temperatures or, though unaffected by ambient temperatures, are readily ignited under almost all conditions.| 2 - Materials that readily undergo violent chemical changes at elevated temperatures and pressures.|W - No water: Materials that react violently or explosively with water.| 1 - Materials that, under emergency conditions, can cause significant irritation.| 1 - Materials that in themselves are normally stable but that can become unstable at elevated temperatures and pressures.

In a comprehensive survey of wastewater from 4000 industrial and publicly owned treatment works (POTWs) sponsored by the Effluent Guidelines Division of the U.S. EPA, methylal was identified in discharges of the following industrial category (positive occurrences; median concn in ppb): leather tanning (1; 1637.5), plastics and synthetics (3; 30.8), organic chemicals (6; 45.6), publicly owned treatment works (3; 5.0)(1). The highest effluent concn was 1637 ppb in the leather tanning industry(1). Detected in effluent concentrates from the advanced treatment plant in Orange County, CA, but not in that of five other communities(2).

LDLo Guinea pig sc 3013 mg/kg|LC50 Mouse inhalation 18,000 ppm/7 hr|LC50 Guinea pig sc 5 g/kg

Methylal used as a solvent and reagent in organic synthesis(2) may be released to the environment in waste water and as fugitive emissions relating to its manufacture and use. Mean vapor emission rates of methylal measured at two locations at an industrial waste water treatment facility in December were 28.6 and 14.7 mg/min sq-m, at which time the ambient and liquid surface temperatures were 6 and 15 °C, respectively(1).|METHYLAL WAS ONE OF THE COMPONENTS IN WASTE WATER FROM A UREA-FORMALDEHYDE GLUE PLANT.

TERRESTRIAL FATE: If released on land, methylal would volatilize rapidly due to its high vapor pressure and Henry's Law constant and low adsorptivity to soil. It would also exhibit high mobility in soil. The importance of biodegradation in soil is unknown. (SRC)|AQUATIC FATE: If released to water, methylal will be primarily lost through volatilization. Its half-life in a model river is estimated from a calculated Henry's Law constant to be 7.2 hr(1-3). Adsorption to sediment and particulate matter in the water column, and bioconcentration should not be important. The importance of biodegradation in water is unknown. Hydrolysis is fairly slow(SRC).|ATMOSPHERIC FATE: The atmosphere is the sink for methylal. In the atmosphere, methylal will degrade by reaction with photochemically-produced hydroxyl radicals. The half-life for this reaction is estimated to be 2.3 days(1). Methylal is highly soluble in water, 2.44X10+5 ppm(2), and would be washed out by rain. However, methylal thus remove would be recycled back into the atmosphere. (SRC)

Vapor phase methylal will react with photochemically-produced hydroxyl radicals in the atmosphere by H abstraction. The estimated rate of this reaction is 6.69X10-12 cu cm/molec-sec(5). Assuming a hydroxyl radical concn of 5X10+5 per cu cm, the half-life of methylal in the atmosphere is 2.3 days. Methylal is an acetal. These chemicals are stable toward bases, but readily hydrolyzed by acid(2). However, hydrolysis rates are not available under environmental conditions. Since methylal has been measured in effluents in surface water and drinking water, hydrolysis must be fairly slow(SRC).

The BCF for methylal, estimated from its octanol/water partition coefficient, 0.00(1), using a recommended regression equation is 0.6(2,SRC). Therefore, methylal should not bioconcentrate in fish and aquatic organisms.

The Koc for methylal estimated from its water solubility, 2.44X10+5 ppm(1), by a recommended regression equation is 5(2). Therefore methylal would be very mobile in soil(3).

The Henry's Law constant for methylal calculated from its vapor pressure, 398 mm Hg(1), and water solubility, 2.44X10+5 ppm(2), is 1.63X10-4 atm-cu m/mole. Using this Henry's Law constant, one estimates that the volatilization half-life of methylal from a model river 1 m deep, flowing 1 m/sec with a 3 m/sec wind speed is 7.2 hr(3,SRC). In view of its high vapor pressure and Henry's Law constant and low adsorption to soil, methylal would volatilize rapidly from soil.

DRINKING WATER: Detected in 2 cities in the U.S. (Miami and Philadelphia) using volatile organic analysis but not quantified.|DRINKING WATER: Identified, but not quantified in drinking water in the USA(1). Identified in concentrate from the Seattle, WA water supply, but not in that of six other US cities(2).|SURFACE WATER: In a survey of 204 surface waters across the US affected by industrial pollutants from a range of industries, 10 waters were found to contain methylal(2).

Exposure to methylal will be primarily occupational through inhalation and dermal contact. Users of perfume containing methylal will be similarly exposed. (SRC)|NIOSH (NOES Survey 1981-1983) has statistically estimated that 135,972 workers are exposed to methylal in the USA(1).

In the EPA National Human Adipose Survey for fiscal year 1982, 46 composite samples categorized broadly by region and age group were analyzed for pollutants(1). Methylal was identified in one sample from the northeast US in the >45 age group.

Methylal (dimethoxymethane) ... was metabolised by rats to methanol and dimethyl ether in equimolar ratio, regardless of the route of administration. Symptoms of methylal poisoning and the typical damage to the retina and optic nerve are the same as those seen in methanol poisoning. Inhalation experiments showed that the blood methanol concentration is proportional to the concentration of methylal in the air.

VAPOR: Irritating to eyes, nose and throat. Harmful if inhaled. LIQUID: Irritating to skin and eyes. Harmful if swallowed. (USCG, 1999)

Eye: If this chemical contacts the eyes, immediately wash the eyes with large amounts of water, occasionally lifting the lower and upper lids. Get medical attention immediately. Contact lenses should not be worn when working with this chemical. Skin: If this chemical contacts the skin, flush the contaminated skin with water promptly. If this chemical penetrates the clothing, immediately remove the clothing and flush the skin with water promptly. If irritation persists after washing, get medical attention. Breathing: If a person breathes large amounts of this chemical, move the exposed person to fresh air at once. If breathing has stopped, perform mouth-to-mouth resuscitation. Keep the affected person warm and at rest. Get medical attention as soon as possible. Swallow: If this chemical has been swallowed, get medical attention immediately. (NIOSH, 2016)|(See procedures)

Fresh air, rest. Refer for medical attention.

First rinse with plenty of water for at least 15 minutes, then remove contaminated clothes and rinse again.

First rinse with plenty of water for several minutes (remove contact lenses if easily possible), then refer for medical attention.

If methylal gets into the eyes, wash eyes immediately with large amounts of water, lifting the lower and upper lids occasionally. If irritation is present after washing, get medical attention. Contact lenses should not be worn when working with this chemical.|If methylal gets on the skin, promptly wash the contaminated skin with water, if the methylal has not already evaporated. If methylal soaks through the clothing, remove the clothing immediately and flush the skin with water. If irritation persists after washing, get medical attention. If there is skin irritation, get medical attention.|If a person breathes in large amounts of methylal, move the exposed person to fresh air at once. If breathing has stopped, perform artificial respiration. Keep the affected person warm and at rest. Get medical attention as soon as possible.|Move the affected person from the hazardous exposure. If the exposed person has been overcome, notify someone else and put into effect the established emergency rescue procedures. Do not become a casualty. Understand the facility's emergency rescue procedures and know the locations of rescue equipment before the need arises.|Irrigate eyes with water.

... PROPERTIES OF SIMPLE UNSUBSTITUTED ACETALS ARE CHARACTERIZED BY ETHER-LIKE ANESTHETIC ACTION, & BY RELATIVELY LOW DEGREE OF PRIMARY IRRITATION COMPARED TO PARENT ALDEHYDE. /ACETALS/|INHALATION CAUSES IRRITATION OF RESP SYSTEM & DEPRESSION OF CNS. LIQ CAUSES IRRITATION OF EYES & WILL IRRITATE SKIN IF ALLOWED TO REMAIN.

dimethoxymethane

The substance can be absorbed into the body by inhalation of its vapour.|inhalation, ingestion, skin and/or eye contact

irritation eyes, skin, upper respiratory system; anesthesia

Cough. Dizziness. Drowsiness. Headache. Sore throat. Unconsciousness.

Dry skin.

Redness. Pain.

Eyes, skin, respiratory system, central nervous system

All other basic inorganic chemical manufacturing|Methane, dimethoxy-: ACTIVE

METHYLAL WAS ONE OF THE COMPONENTS IN WASTE WATER FROM A UREA-FORMALDEHYDE GLUE PLANT IDENTIFIED BY GAS CHROMATOGRAPHY.|NIOSH Method 1611. Analyte: Methylal. Matrix: Air. Procedure: Gas chromatography, flame ionization detector. For methylal this method has an estimated detection limit of 0.1 mg/sample. The precision/RSD is 0.017 and the recovery is not given. Applicability: The working range is 1500 to 6000 m/cu m (480 to 1930 ppm) for a 2 l air sample. Interferences: None identified.

Food additives -> Flavoring Agents|Fire Hazards -> Flammable - 3rd degree, Reactive - 1st degree|Cosmetics -> Solvent

Flavoring Agents