Sodium alginate

216.12

216.024597

905-385-3

DTXSID0040410

Cream-colored powder|Filamentous or granular solid or powder

39131000

130.28000

-4.46380

White to Off-white powder

1.0 g/cm³ @ Temp: 25 °C

99 °C

soluble in water. Insoluble in alcohol, chloroform and ether.

Store at RT.

Oral-Rat LD50:> 5000 mg/kg; Abdominal-Mouse LD50: 500 mg/kg

It is flammable in case of open flame, high temperature and oxidant; burning produces sodium oxide-containing stimulating smoke

ALMOST ODORLESS

ALMOST TASTELESS

ALGIN HAS EXCELLENT FILM-FORMING PROPERTIES|POLYURONIDE COMPRISING 1,4 LINKED D-MANNURONIC ACID & L-GULURONIC ACID UNITS, WITH POSSIBILITY OF OTHER LINKAGE|DOES NOT SWELL IN AN ACID MEDIUM|VISCOSITY OF SOLN DEPENDENT ON TEMP, CONCN, MOLECULAR WT & PRESENCE OF POLYVALENT METAL CATION; ...COMMERCIAL...MOL WT BETWEEN 32,000 & 200,000, WITH A DEGREE OF POLYMERIZATION FROM 180 TO 930.

NONH for all modes of transport

1

36/37/38

24/25-36-26

AZ5820000

Xi

The warehouse is ventilated, low temperature and dry; stored separately from oxidants and acids

Stable. Incompatible with strong acids, strong bases, strong oxidizing agents.

SRP: The most favorable course of action is to use an alternative chemical product with less inherent propensity for occupational exposure or environmental contamination. Recycle any unused portion of the material for its approved use or return it to the manufacturer or supplier. Ultimate disposal of the chemical must consider: the material's impact on air quality; potential migration in soil or water; effects on animal, aquatic, and plant life; and conformance with environmental and public health regulations.

Substance added directly to human food affirmed as generally recognized as safe (GRAS).|Sodium alginate used as a stabilizer in animal drugs, feeds, and related products is generally recognized as safe when used in accordance with good manufacturing or feeding practice.

COMBUSTIBLE

moderately toxic

Proposed that viscous alginate moves slowly thru GI tract, allowing enhanced riboflavin absorption at specialized sites in small intestine.|Addition of Prussian Blue, sodium alginate, and calcium orthophosphate to diet of rats receiving daily 2 uCi (137)Cs and 0.8 uCi (90)Sr reduced number of osteosarcomas, increased life length.|Sodium alginate has the ability to reduce strontium absorption, ... /it/ can also decrease the retention of other radioactive divalent metallic ions in rats in the following order: Barium > Strontium > Tin > Cadmium > Manganese > Zinc > Mercury, with Barium levels being reduced to 3% of control values and Cadmium and Manganese levels, to about 50% in three weeks.|Two groups of 12 male weanling Sprague-Dawley rats received a control diet or a diet with 10% Na-alginate, at the expense of corn starch, for 8 days. A marked increase in fecal dry matter was seen in the alginate group. Ca and Zn absorption were not affected by alginate. Absorption of Fe, Cr, and Co were significantly reduced in the alginate group.|Rats were fed a stock diet supplemented with calcium phosphate and sodium alginate, both separately and simultaneously, over a period of 4-5 months. Observations were made at intervals on the growth rate and on visual and histological abnormalities in some body tissues. No toxic effects were observed. The absorption and skeletal retention of calcium for rats on the combined supplements remained almost unchanged but the absorption and retention of strontium was reduced 7-fold.

LD50 Mouse iv <200 mg/kg bw /from table/|LD50 Rat oral >5000 mg/kg bw /from table/|LD50 Rat iv 1000 mg/kg bw /from table/|LD50 Rabbit iv approx 100 mg/kg bw /from table/|LD50 Cat ip approx 250 mg/kg bw /from table/

/AQUATIC SPECIES/ The total hemocyte count (THC), phenoloxidase (PO) activity, respiratory bursts (release of superoxide anions), and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity, as well as expressions of beta-1,3-glucan-binding protein (betaGBP), prophenoloxidase (proPO), peroxinectin (PE), cytosolic SOD (cyt-SOD), penaeidin-5 (PA-5), and a single whey acidic protein (WAP) domain protein (SWDP) gene were determined in the tiger shrimp Penaeus monodon (15.6-19.5g) which had individually been fed diets containing sodium alginate at 0, 1.0, or 2.0 g/kg(-1) for 5months. Results showed that shrimp fed a diet containing 1.0 and 2.0gkg(-1) sodium alginate had significantly increased SOD activity but decreased respiratory bursts. The expressions of betaGBP, PE, cyt-SOD, PA-5, and SWDP were significantly elevated in shrimp fed the < or = 2.0 g/kg(-1) sodium alginate-containing diet for 5 months. However, no significant differences in THC, PO activity, or proPO mRNA transcription in shrimp were observed among the three treatments. It was concluded that sodium alginate can be used as an immunomodulator for shrimp through dietary administration to modify immune genes expression of shrimp.

Mesh Heading: Radiation-protective agents, hemostatics, biocompatible materials|EXPTL USE: Alginate therapy (20 mg Na alginate; 40 mg manucol SS/LD/2) applied immediately after single oral contaminantion with radiostrontium (0.2-0.4 uCi/mL) reduced skeletal retention of radiostrontium.|EXPTL USE: Alginated bread fed to mice increased (85)Sr concentration in blood, decreased urinary excretion and increased fecal excretion.|EXPTL USE: Absorption in mice of strontium, barium, and radium was depressed more than that of calcium by alginates tested, include sodium alginate.|For more Therapeutic Uses (Complete) data for ALGIN (8 total), please visit the HSDB record page.

Apparently ... not decomposed or absorbed appreciably when ingested ...|When propyleneglycol (14)C alginate or (14)C propylene glycol alginate ... dosed to mice, unhydrolyzed ester and alginate residue ... unabsorbed from GI tract; but any hydrolyzed propyleneglycol ... absorbed ... metabolized and eliminated ... single dose ... 1 g/kg ... excreted ... feces ... 5 days ...|... After a dose of 5 g/kg, traces of label were still present in rectum. Alginate prepared from laminaria digitata was unabsorbed by rats fed at a level of 10% of their daily diet.

Basic treatment: Establish a patent airway (oropharyngeal or nasopharyngeal airway, if needed). Suction if necessary. Watch for signs of respiratory insufficiency and assist ventilations if needed. Administer oxygen by nonrebreather mask at 10 to 15 L/min. Monitor for pulmonary edema and treat if necessary ... . Monitor for shock and treat if necessary ... . Anticipate seizures and treat if necessary ... . For eye contamination, flush eyes immediately with water. Irrigate each eye continuously with 0.9% saline (NS) during transport ... . Do not use emetics. For ingestion, rinse mouth and administer 5 ml/kg up to 200 ml of water for dilution if the patient can swallow, has a strong gag reflex, and does not drool ... . Cover skin burns with dry sterile dressings after decontamination ... . /Poisons A and B/|Advanced treatment: Consider orotracheal or nasotracheal intubation for airway control in the patient who is unconscious, has severe pulmonary edema, or is in severe respiratory distress. Positive-pressure ventilation techniques with a bag valve mask device may be beneficial. Consider drug therapy for pulmonary edema ... . Consider administering a beta agonist such as albuterol for severe bronchospasm ... . Monitor cardiac rhythm and treat arrhythmias as necessary ... . Start IV administration of D5W /SRP: "To keep open", minimal flow rate/. Use 0.9% saline (NS) or lactated Ringer's if signs of hypovolemia are present. For hypotension with signs of hypovolemia, administer fluid cautiously. Watch for signs of fluid overload ... . Treat seizures with diazepam or lorazepam ... . Use proparacaine hydrochloride to assist eye irrigation ... . /Poisons A and B/

/HUMAN EXPOSURE STUDIES/ Five healthy male volunteers received 175 mg sodium alginate/kg bw/day for 7 days, followed by 200 mg/kg bw for a further 16 days. The daily doses were consumed in three measured portions at intervals each day. The portions were prepared by adding the weighed aliquots of sodium alginate by rapid stirring to 220 mL cold distilled water. The hydrocolloid was then allowed to hydrate for 24 hr to a thick, but fluid gel to which each volunteer added a predetermined amount of orange juice prior to consumption. The treatment period was preceded by a 7 day initial control period during which a daily amount of orange juice, equal to that to be taken later, was consumed. During the treatment period enquiries were made with respect to apparent allergic responses. At day 3 of the initial control period, on the last day of the 23 day treatment period and on the last day of the 7 day recovery period the following parameters were examined; fasting blood glucose, plasma insulin, breath hydrogen concentrations, hematological parameters (Hb, Ht, MCV, MCH, MCHC, Er, Leu, Diff, platelets) and biochemical parameters (Na, Cl, K, CO2, urea, LDH, AST, bilirubin, alk. phosphatase, phosphate, Ca, protein, albumin, creatinine, urate, lipids, cholesterol, HDL cholesterol and triglycerides). Routine urinalysis was carried out during the initial control week and during the third week of treatment. Five day fecal collections were made during days 2-6 of the initial control period and during days 16-20 of the treatment period. Fecal transit time, wet weight, dry weight, water content, pH, occult blood, neutral sterols, fat, volatile fatty acids and bile acids in feces were determined. No allergic reactions were reported nor observed. Sodium alginate acted as a bulking agent of moderate efficiency as indicated by a significant increase in fecal dry and wet weight and an increase in water content of feces without a significant change in transit time. Fecal pH remained normal. Total fecal volatile acids increased in four volunteers but decreased in one. No changes in fecal total and individual neutral sterols or in total and individual bile acids were seen. Hematological, biochemical and urinalysis parameters did not show significant changes with the exception of some parameters of one volunteer who suffered from influenza.|/SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS/ Greatest danger from ingestion of large quantities ... is intestinal obstruction. Skin sensitization is unusual. Aspiration or inhalation ... could cause a chemical pneumonitis. Implantation ... will cause foreign body reaction.|/CASE REPORTS/ Sodium alginate is reported to have been injected into vitreous of ... patient with retinal detachment without notable toxic effect.|/CASE REPORTS/ A gastric bezoar that had developed in a 9-year-old girl treated with sodium alginate (Alloid G) for acute gastritis associated with systemic lupus erythematosus /is described/. A hard mass palpated in the left upper abdomen proved, upon gastric endoscopy, to be an intragastric foreign body. Sodium alginate was detected in an analysis of a sample from this bezoar. In an in vitro simulation, sodium alginate solidified when mixed with the patient's other medicines. The bezoar caused no complications, and disappeared spontaneously after discontinuation of the medications. This case indicates that this sodium alginate preparation, Alloid G, can be a cause of pharmacobezoar.|/CASE REPORTS/ Alginate impression powders were associated with interstitial lung disease in a dentist who used the material frequently to produce impressions of edentulous arches. /Alginate impression powders/

It consists chiefly of sodium salt of alginic acid, polyuronic acid composed of beta D-mannuronic acid residues linked so that carboxyl group of each unit is free while aldehyde group is shielded by glycosidic linkage.|All derivatives of alginic acid ... designated by the generic term algin. ... Most commonly used algin compound is sodium alginate ... often used interchangeably.|Trade names include Alginate, SFC; Cecalgum, Sanofi; Dialgin, Diamalt; Keltex, Kelco; Lamitex, Protan; Manutex, Kelco.|Dental alginates are powder mixtures with the following composition: sodium alginate (10 - 20 wt %), calcium sulfate (10 wt %), trisodium phosphate (1 - 4 wt %), diatomite (70 - 80 wt %), color and flavor (1 - 2 wt %).

Alginic acid, sodium salt: ACTIVE|XU - indicates a substance exempt from reporting under the Chemical Data Reporting Rule, (40 CFR 711).|A gelling polysaccharide extracted from...seaweed (giant kelp, Macrocystis pyrifera (L) ag Lessoniaceae) or from horsetail kelp (Laminaria digitata (L) Lamour, Laminariaceae) or from sugar kelp (Laminaria saccharina (L) Lamour).|Isolation from fronds of Laminaria digitata (L) Edmonson, Laminariaceae: Stanford J Chem Soc 44, 943 (1883); Bird, Haas, Bio Chem J 25, 403 (1931); from Macrocystis pyrifera (L) c ag, Lessioniaceae: Nelson, Cretcher, J Am Chem Soc 51, 1914 (1929). /Alginic acid/|... Natural plant /hydrocolloid/ ... used to a lesser extent than acacia and tragacanth ...|... Four component gelling system ... to prepare dessert gels as well as many other products ... included ... water soluble alginate such as sodium alginate ...|For more General Manufacturing Information (Complete) data for ALGIN (26 total), please visit the HSDB record page.

Method: AOAC 963.25; Procedure: colorimetric method; Analyte: alginates; Matrix: food dressings; Detection Limit: not provided. /Alginates/|Method: AOAC 959.06; Procedure: colorimetric method; Analyte: alginates; Matrix: chocolate products; Detection Limit: not provided. /Alginates/

EPA Safer Chemical Functional Use Classes -> Processing Aids and Additives|Safer Chemical Classes -> Green circle - The chemical has been verified to be of low concern|Cosmetics -> Binding; Viscosity controlling

Food Additives -> EMULSIFIER; GELLING_AGENT; STABILIZER; THICKENER;