The surplus grain of peasant households in the main producing areas

In April, the peach blossoms in Shansi Temple began to blossom. In this beautiful season, grain sales at the grass-roots level in the main corn-producing areas have entered the final stage, with the basic sale of wet grain in the hands of farmers finished, and some farmers'retained dry grain awaiting price rise. It is expected that the last small peak of grain sales will appear before wheat harvest at the end of May. Compared with last year, this year's state temporary storage auction has been delayed, and market rumors have raised the bottom price of auction, which has a greater impact on grassroots mentality. At present, grass-roots grain sources have been transferred from farmers to traders, channel inventory pressure is increasing, coupled with high hoarding costs, traders are less motivated to ship. With the advent of spring farming season, farmers are busy preparing land, buying seeds and fertilizers to prepare for the coming spring farming. By April 15, 2019, the overall grain sales progress in Northeast China was 92.5%, 5% slower than the previous year, of which the overall grain sales progress in Heilongjiang was 92%, 5% slower than the previous year; the overall grain sales progress in Jilin Province was 95%, and the overall grain sales progress in Liaoning Province was 95%. The overall grain sales progress in Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region is 90%, which is 4% slower than the same period last year. The overall grain sales progress in North China is 80%, which is 5% faster than that in the previous year. The overall grain sales progress in Shandong is 80%, which is basically the same as that in last year. The overall grain sales progress in Henan is 81%, which is 4% faster than that in the previous year. The overall grain sales progress in Hebei is 78.5%, which is 2.5% faster than that in the previous year. From the above data, we can see that the surplus grain at the grass-roots level is basically at the bottom, and the grain sales progress in Northeast China is generally faster than that in North China, which is due to regional characteristics. The vast land and sparse population are the main corn producing areas in Northeast China, and most farmers are big farmers. Chaozhou is the main source of grain at the grass-roots level, and it is difficult to keep grain. Farmers generally choose to sell grain centrally before and after the Spring Festival and before the Spring Farming. North China has a large population, less arable land per capita, and it is easier to keep grain. Compared with Northeast China, the time of selling grain is relatively free, and there will be a small peak of selling grain around the Spring Festival and before the wheat harvest.

Compared with last year, the auction in 2019 was delayed, and the process of grain supply at the grass-roots level was blocked

On April 4, 2018, the National Food Center issued the announcement of the 2018 temporary storage auction. The first round of this year's maize temporary storage auction began on April 12, with about 7 million tons put in the first week of the auction and 7 million tons in the second week of the auction. However, due to the completion of the task of maize de-stocking, there is less than 80 million tons of maize remaining in storage. So far, there is no news about the auction in 2019. Market rumors have been that the auction this year may be postponed to July, and the delivery volume will maintain 3 million tons per week. Among them, the bottom price of the auction is 150 CNY/ton higher than last year. As soon as the auction was delayed, corn prices rose in the futures market. Grass-roots grain supply process has also been affected to a certain extent, compared with last year, traders have 20% more grain in hand, less enthusiasm for shipment than in the earlier period, and stronger willingness to bid. The subsidy policy of Jilin Province was promulgated, focusing on the influence of subsidy policy on farmers'planting willingness.

On April 10, the subsidy policy of Jilin Province was promulgated. The subsidy level of corn producers was 86 yuan/mu, down 8 yuan/mu from 2018; the subsidy level of soybean producers was 265 yuan/mu, up 41 yuan/mu from 2018. In 2019, Heilongjiang Province will appropriately raise the subsidy standard for maize producers on the basis of the previous year. The subsidy for soybean producers is more than 200 yuan per mu than that for maize producers. The subsidy for soybean producers is not more than 270 yuan per mu. The market expects that this year the subsidy for maize will be 70 yuan per mu and that for soybean will be 270 yuan per mu. Comparing the amount of maize and soybean subsidy in Heilongjiang Province and Jilin Province in the past three years, maize subsidy has dropped dramatically and soybean subsidy has increased steadily, which also reflects the determination of the state to reform the planting structure, stabilize maize production and properly expand soybean planting area. With the introduction of subsidy policy, farmers'willingness to grow soybeans has been affected to some extent, and some farmers said they would expand soybean planting area appropriately. However, some farmers said that because soybean is more complex than corn in planting and harvesting, it may consume more energy and energy, and will not change the original planting habits.

Bugu Feifei advised early tillage, spring hoe and spring ploughing took advantage of the spring sunshine

Spring tillage season, farmers began to prepare their land, purchase seeds and fertilizers, and make full preparations for the coming spring tillage. Among them, Heilongjiang Province took the lead in issuing the spring cultivation manual. Since winter 2018, the average precipitation in Heilongjiang Province is 61% less than that in the same period of the year, which is the second largest in the history since 1961. In view of the special meteorological conditions of spring cultivation production this year, the whole province must grab the sunny weather, sow early in time, rush for moisture, and shorten the sowing time; and strive to end rice seedling by April 20, and knot before May 10. Bundles of corn and soybeans will be sown, and rice transplanting will be completed before May 23 to ensure that farming time is not violated. On April 16, the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs and the Ministry of Finance promulgated the key policies of strengthening agriculture and benefiting farmers in 2019, including subsidies for purchase of agricultural machinery, national modern agricultural parks, subsidies for producers of corn, soybeans and rice, etc. The promulgation of preferential agricultural policies and the announcement of subsidies policies in Jilin and Heilongjiang Provinces have guided the policy direction for grass-roots farmers and helped farmers to arrange crop planting in the new year.