It has an antibacterial effect only on Mycobacterium tuberculosis. It inhibits the growth and reproduction of Mycobacterium tuberculosis by competitively inhibiting the synthesis of folic acid.

This product is a non-specific drug for the cell cycle. It is most sensitive to cells at the G1-S boundary or early S phase, and also has an inhibitory effect on the G2 phase. After entering the body, its molecule breaks into two parts from the carbamide bond. One part is the chloroethylamine part, which dissociates chlorine to form ethylene carbon cations, exerts a hydrocarbonization effect, breaks the DNA chain, and RNA and proteins are hydrocarbonized, which is related to the anti-tumor effect; the other part is the carbamoyl part that becomes isocyanate, or is converted into carbamic acid to exert a carbamylation effect, which mainly reacts with proteins, especially the amino group at the end of lysine, which is mainly related to bone marrow toxicity. Carbamylation also destroys some enzyme proteins, making it difficult to repair DNA after damage, which helps the anti-cancer effect. This product has no cross-resistance with other alkylating agents.

This product is a non-specific drug for the cell cycle. It is most sensitive to cells at the G1-S boundary or early S phase, and also has an inhibitory effect on the G2 phase. After entering the body, its molecule breaks into two parts from the carbamide bond. One part is the chloroethylamine part, which dissociates chlorine to form ethylene carbon cations, exerts a hydrocarbonization effect, breaks the DNA chain, and RNA and proteins are hydrocarbonized, which is related to the anti-tumor effect; the other part is the carbamoyl part that becomes isocyanate, or is converted into carbamic acid to exert a carbamylation effect, which mainly reacts with proteins, especially the amino group at the end of lysine, which is mainly related to bone marrow toxicity. Carbamylation also destroys some enzyme proteins, making it difficult to repair DNA after damage, which helps the anti-cancer effect. This product has no cross-resistance with other alkylating agents.

Anticonvulsant, anti-epileptic, anti-neuropathic pain, anti-manic-depressive, improves the symptoms of certain mental illnesses, and treats central diabetes insipidus; possible mechanisms include use-dependent blocking of various excitable cell membrane Na channels, inhibition of T-type calcium channels, enhancement of central noradrenergic nerve activity, promotion of antidiuretic hormone (ADH) secretion, or increased sensitivity of effectors to ADH.