Furosemide Injection

(1) Effect on water and electrolyte excretion. It can increase the excretion of water, sodium, chloride, potassium, calcium, magnesium, phosphorus, etc. Unlike thiazide diuretics, loop diuretics such as furosemide have a clear dose-effect relationship. As the dose increases, the diuretic effect is significantly enhanced, and the drug dosage range is large. This type of drug mainly inhibits the active reabsorption of NaCl by the thick-walled segment of the renal tubular loop of Henle. As a result, the concentrations of Na and Cl- in the tubular fluid increase, while the concentrations of Na and Cl- in the medullary interstitial fluid decrease, which reduces the osmotic pressure gradient difference and the renal tubular concentrating function, thereby increasing the excretion of water, Na, and Cl-. Due to the decrease in Na reabsorption, the Na concentration in the distal tubule increases, which promotes the increase in Na-K and Na-H exchange, and increases the excretion of K and H. As for the mechanism by which furosemide inhibits the reabsorption of Cl- in the thick-walled segment of the ascending limb of the renal tubular loop, it was previously believed that there was a chloride pump in this area. Current studies have shown that there is a Na-Cl- paired transport system related to Na-K ATPase on the outer side of the basement membrane of this area. Furosemide reduces the reabsorption of Na and Cl- by inhibiting the function of this system. In addition, furosemide may also inhibit the reabsorption of Na and Cl- by the proximal and distal tubules and promote the secretion of K by the distal tubules. Furosemide increases the excretion of Ca2 and Mg2 by inhibiting the reabsorption of Ca2 and Mg2 by the loop of Henle. Short-term use can increase uric acid excretion, while long-term use can cause hyperuricemia. (2) Effects on hemodynamics. Furosemide can inhibit the activity of prostaglandin degrading enzymes, increase the content of prostaglandin E2, and thus have a vasodilatory effect. Dilation of renal blood vessels, reduction of renal vascular resistance, and increase of renal blood flow, especially deep renal cortical blood flow, are of great significance in the diuretic effect of furosemide and are also the theoretical basis for its use in preventing acute renal failure. In addition, unlike other diuretics, loop diuretics increase tubular fluid flow while the glomerular filtration rate does not decrease, which may be related to the reduction of chloride flowing through the macula densa, thereby weakening or blocking the glomerular-tubular balance. Furosemide can dilate the pulmonary capacitance veins and reduce the permeability of pulmonary capillaries. In addition, its diuretic effect reduces the amount of blood returning to the heart and reduces the left ventricular end-diastolic pressure, which helps in the treatment of acute left heart failure. Because furosemide can reduce the permeability of pulmonary capillaries, it provides a theoretical basis for its treatment of adult respiratory distress syndrome.

The main ingredient of this product is: furosemide.

This product is a colorless or almost colorless clear liquid.

1. Edema diseases include congestive heart failure, cirrhosis, kidney disease (nephritis, nephropathy and acute and chronic renal failure caused by various reasons), especially when other diuretics are ineffective, this type of drug may still be effective. Used in combination with other drugs to treat acute pulmonary edema and acute cerebral edema. 2. Hypertension In the step therapy of hypertension, it is not the first choice for the treatment of primary hypertension, but when thiazide drugs are ineffective, especially when accompanied by renal insufficiency or hypertensive crisis, this type of drug is particularly suitable. 3. Prevention of acute renal failure It is used for insufficient renal blood perfusion caused by various reasons, such as dehydration, shock, poisoning, anesthesia accidents and circulatory insufficiency. Timely application while correcting insufficient blood volume can reduce the mechanism of acute tubular necrosis.

1. Adults (1) Treatment of edematous diseases. In emergency situations or for those who cannot take the medicine orally, intravenous injection can be used, starting with 20-40 mg, and additional doses every 2 hours if necessary, until satisfactory therapeutic effects are achieved. The drug can be administered in divided doses during the maintenance phase. In the treatment of acute left heart failure, 40 mg can be injected intravenously initially, and 80 mg can be added every hour if necessary, until satisfactory therapeutic effects are achieved. In the treatment of acute renal failure, 200-400 mg can be added to 100 ml of sodium chloride injection and intravenously dripped, with a drip rate of no more than 4 mg per minute. For those who are effective, the original dose can be repeated or the dose can be adjusted as appropriate, with a total daily dose of no more than 1 g. When the diuretic effect is poor, the dose should not be increased to avoid nephrotoxicity, which is detrimental to the recovery of acute renal failure function. In the treatment of chronic renal insufficiency, the daily dose is generally 40-120 mg. (2) In the treatment of hypertensive crisis, 40-80 mg can be injected intravenously initially, and the dose can be increased as appropriate when accompanied by acute left heart failure or acute renal failure. (3) For the treatment of hypercalcemia, 20 to 80 mg can be injected intravenously at a time. 2. For the treatment of edema in children, 1 mg/kg can be injected intravenously initially, and 1 mg/kg can be added every 2 hours if necessary. The maximum dose can reach 6 mg/kg per day. The interval between medications should be extended for newborns.

Common symptoms are related to water and electrolyte disorders, especially when used in large doses or for long periods of time, such as postural hypotension, shock, hypokalemia, hypochloremia, hypochloremic alkalosis, hyponatremia, hypocalcemia, and related thirst, fatigue, muscle aches, arrhythmias, etc. Rare symptoms include allergic reactions (including rash, interstitial nephritis, and even cardiac arrest), blurred vision, xanthoopia, photosensitivity, dizziness, headache, anorexia, nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain, diarrhea, pancreatitis, muscle rigidity, bone marrow suppression leading to granulocytopenia, thrombocytopenic purpura and aplastic anemia, liver damage, paresthesia of fingers (toes), hyperglycemia, positive urine sugar, aggravation of existing diabetes, and hyperuricemia. Tinnitus and hearing impairment are more common when large doses are injected intravenously rapidly (doses greater than 4-15 mg per minute), and are mostly temporary, with a few being irreversible, especially when used simultaneously with other ototoxic drugs. In cases of hypercalcemia, it can cause kidney stones. There are also reports that this drug can aggravate idiopathic edema.

It is contraindicated for those who are allergic to this product.

Precautions for children: The interval between medication for newborns should be extended Precautions for pregnancy and lactation: Pregnant women, especially those in the first 3 months of pregnancy, should try to avoid using it. Precautions for the elderly: Use with caution in the elderly

(1) Adrenal glucose, mineralocorticoids, adrenocorticotropic hormone and estrogen can reduce the diuretic effect of this drug and increase the chance of electrolyte disorders, especially hypokalemia. (2) Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory analgesics can reduce the diuretic effect of this drug and increase the chance of renal damage. This is related to the fact that the former inhibits prostaglandin synthesis and reduces renal blood flow. (3) When used in combination with sympathomimetic drugs and anticonvulsant drugs, the diuretic effect is weakened. (4) When used in combination with clofibrate (clofibrate), the effects of both drugs are enhanced, and muscle soreness and stiffness may occur. (5) When used in combination with dopamine, the diuretic effect is enhanced. (6) Drinking alcohol, alcohol-containing preparations and drugs that can cause a decrease in blood pressure can enhance the diuretic and hypotensive effects of this drug; when used in combination with barbiturates and anesthetics, it is easy to cause orthostatic hypotension. (7) This drug can reduce uric acid excretion and increase blood uric acid. Therefore, when used in combination with drugs for the treatment of gout, the dose of the latter should be appropriately adjusted. (8) Reduce the efficacy of hypoglycemic drugs. (9) Reduce the effects of anticoagulants and antifibrinolytic drugs, mainly due to the decrease in blood volume after diuresis, which leads to an increase in the concentration of coagulation factors in the blood, and the improvement of liver blood supply and the increase of liver synthesis of coagulation factors due to diuresis. (10) This drug enhances the effect of non-depolarizing muscle relaxants, which is related to the decrease in blood potassium. (11) When used in combination with antibiotics such as amphotericin, cephalosporin, and aminoglycosides, nephrotoxicity and ototoxicity increase, especially when there is existing renal damage. (12) When used in combination with antihistamines, ototoxicity increases, and tinnitus, dizziness, and vertigo are likely to occur. (13) Nephrotoxicity is significantly increased when used in combination with lithium, which should be avoided as much as possible. (14) After taking chloral hydrate, intravenous injection of this drug can cause sweating, facial flushing, and increased blood pressure, which is related to the increase in thyroid hormone conversion from bound to free state, leading to enhanced decomposition. (15) When used in combination with sodium bicarbonate, the chance of hypochloremic alkalosis increases.

Keep away from light and store in sealed container.

2ml:20mg

Shandong FANGMING Pharmaceutical Group Co., Ltd.

• Founded in:

  2000-07-07

• Address:

  Fangming Section, Huanghe Road, Dongming County, Shandong Province

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  91371700724268643E

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