Clarithromycin CAS 81103-11-9 White Powder

Clarithromycin More Info

Clarithromycin is a macrolide antibiotic used to treat various bacterial infections, including respiratory tract infections, skin infections, and certain gastrointestinal infections. It is effective against a range of Gram-positive and some Gram-negative bacteria. Clarithromycin is often prescribed in situations where patients are allergic to penicillin or when other antibiotics are not suitable.

Mechanism of Action

Clarithromycin works by inhibiting bacterial protein synthesis. Its mechanism involves:
Binding to the 50S Ribosomal Subunit: Specifically, it binds to the 23S rRNA component of the ribosome, blocking the translocation of aminoacyl-tRNA and thus preventing peptide chain elongation during protein synthesis.
Active Metabolite: It is metabolized into 14-hydroxy clarithromycin, which is also active and contributes to its antibacterial effects.
Additionally, clarithromycin inhibits the hepatic enzyme CYP3A4, which can affect the metabolism of various drugs.

Applications

Respiratory Infections: Such as pneumonia, bronchitis, and sinusitis.
Skin and Soft Tissue Infections: Including cellulitis and impetigo.
Helicobacter pylori Eradication: Used in combination with other medications to treat peptic ulcers.
Mycobacterial Infections: Such as Mycobacterium avium complex in immunocompromised patients.
Other Infections: Including cat scratch disease, Lyme disease, and certain types of gastroenteritis.

Routes of Administration

Clarithromycin is available in several formulations:
Oral Tablets and Suspensions: Commonly prescribed for outpatient treatment.
Extended-release Tablets: For once-daily dosing.
It is typically taken with food to enhance absorption and reduce gastrointestinal side effects.