Triacetin

218.20400

218.20

203-051-9

XHX3C3X673

1203

757364|4796

DTXSID3026691

Colorless liquid|Colorless somewhat oily liquid

2915390090

78.90000

0.2

Liquid

1.1562 g/cm³ @ Temp: 25 °C

-78 °C

258-260 °C

148ºC

1.429-1.433

H2O: 64.0 g/L (20 ºC)

Keep container tightly closed in a dry and well-ventilated place.

0.0141mmHg at 25°C

7.52 (vs air)

LD50 i.v. in mice: 1600 ±81 mg/kg (Wretlind)

Lower flammable limit: 1.0% by volume at 373 deg F (189 deg C)

1.05%, 189°F

Slightly fatty odor

MILD, SWEET TASTE, BITTER ABOVE 0.05%

Henry's Law constant = 1.2X10-8 at 25 °C atm-cu m/mole at 25 °C (est)

Hydroxyl radical reaction rate constant = 8.5X10-12 cu cm/mole-sec at 25 °C (est)

812 °F (433 °C)|433 °C

Lower flammable limit: 1.0% by volume at 373 °F (189 °C)

Ⅲ

1

3

S24/25

AK3675000

Triacetin is stable and should be stored in a well-closed, nonmetalliccontainer, in a cool, dry place.

Stable. Incompatible with strong oxidizing agents. Combustible.

P210, P233, P240, P241, P242, P243, P261, P264, P272, P280, P302+P352, P303+P361+P353, P321, P332+P313, P333+P313, P362, P363, P370+P378, P403+P235, P501

H226

SRP: Recycle any unused portion of the material for its approved use or return it to the manufacturer or supplier. Ultimate disposal of the chemical must consider: the material's impact on air quality; potential migration in air, soil or water; effects on animal, aquatic and plant life; and conformance with environmental and public health regulations. If it is possible or reasonable use an alternative chemical product with less inherent propensity for occupational harm/injury/toxicity or environmental contamination.|Product: Offer surplus and non-recyclable solutions to a licensed disposal company. Contaminated packaging: Dispose of as unused product.

Incompatible materials: Strong oxidizing agents.|Not compatible with strong oxidizing agents.

An ingredient whose use in food or food packaging is subject to a prior sanction or approval within the meaning of section 201(s)(4) of the Act is exempt from classification as a food additive. ... Substances classified as plasticizers, when migrating from food-packaging material shall include ... triacetin.|Substance added directly to human food affirmed as generally recognized as safe (GRAS).|Drug products containing certain active ingredients offered over-the-counter (OTC) for certain uses. A number of active ingredients have been present in OTC drug products for various uses, as described below. However, based on evidence currently available, there are inadequate data to establish general recognition of the safety and effectiveness of these ingredients for the specified uses: triacetin is included in topical antifungal drug products.|Triacetin used as a general purpose food additive is generally recognized as safe when used in accordance with good manufacturing or feeding practice.

Opdyke DL J; Monographs Fragrance Raw Materials. Triacetin; Food Cosmet Toxicol (16) 879 (1978). A review with 51 references is published on triacetin incl toxicity, irritation, sensitization, metab & pharmacology.

Combustible.

Not Classified

Eye/face protection: Use equipment for eye protection tested and approved under appropriate government standards such as NIOSH (US) or EN 166(EU).|Skin protection: Handle with gloves.|Body Protection: Impervious clothing. The type of protective equipment must be selected according to the concentration and amount of the dangerous substance at the specific workplace.|Respiratory protection: Where risk assessment shows air-purifying respirators are appropriate use a full-face respirator with multipurpose combination (US) or type ABEK (EN 14387) respirator cartridges as a backup to engineering controls. If the respirator is the sole means of protection, use a full-face supplied air respirator. Use respirators and components tested and approved under appropriate government standards such as NIOSH (US) or CEN (EU).

Combustible when exposed to heat, flame, or powerful oxidizers.

Suitable extinguishing media: Use water spray, alcohol-resistant foam, dry chemical or carbon dioxide.|Advice for firefighters: Wear self contained breathing apparatus for fire fighting if necessary.|To fight fire, use alcohol foam, water, carbon dioxide, dry chemical.|In case of fire: keep drums, etc., cool by spraying with water.

Accidental release measures: Personal precautions, protective equipment and emergency procedures: Use personal protective equipment. Avoid breathing vapors, mist or gas.; Environmental precautions: Do not let product enter drains.; Methods and materials for containment and cleaning up: Soak up with inert absorbent material and dispose of as hazardous waste. Keep in suitable, closed containers for disposal.|AEROBIC: Triacetin, present at 100 mg/L, reached 91-94% of its theoretical BOD in 4 weeks using an activated sludge inoculum at 30 mg/L and the Japanese MITI test(1). Using a rapid infiltration system for treating primary and secondary effluents, triacetin, present in a feed solution at a concentration of 0.094 ug/L, was not detected in the column effluent(2). The specific loss process was not identified(2).|Collect leaking liquid in sealable containers. Absorb remaining liquid in sand or inert absorbent and remove to safe place. Do NOT wash away into sewer.

Appropriate engineering controls: Handle in accordance with good industrial hygiene and safety practice. Wash hands before breaks and at the end of workday.|Gloves must be inspected prior to use. Use proper glove removal technique (without touching glove's outer surface) to avoid skin contact with this product. Dispose of contaminated gloves after use in accordance with applicable laws and good laboratory practices. Wash and dry hands.|SRP: The scientific literature for the use of contact lenses by industrial workers is inconsistent. The benefits or detrimental effects of wearing contact lenses depend not only upon the substance, but also on factors including the form of the substance, characteristics and duration of the exposure, the uses of other eye protection equipment, and the hygiene of the lenses. However, there may be individual substances whose irritating or corrosive properties are such that the wearing of contact lenses would be harmful to the eye. In those specific cases, contact lenses should not be worn. In any event, the usual eye protection equipment should be worn even when contact lenses are in place.

Eye irritant|A Duhring-chamber test was conducted on 20 healthy volunteers. The test substance was applied as 50% dilution for 24 hours. Result: only very mild skin reactions were observed. The substance has a good skin compatibility.

Collect leaking liquid in sealable containers. Absorb remaining liquid in sand or inert absorbent. Then store and dispose of according to local regulations.

Separated from strong oxidants.

A harmful contamination of the air will not or will only very slowly be reached on evaporation of this substance at 20 °C.

The substance is mildly irritating to the skin.

NO open flames.

Use ventilation.

Protective gloves.

Wear safety spectacles.

| 0 - Materials that, under emergency conditions, would offer no hazard beyond that of ordinary combustible materials.| 1 - Materials that must be preheated before ignition can occur. Materials require considerable preheating, under all ambient temperature conditions, before ignition and combustion can occur.| 0 - Materials that in themselves are normally stable, even under fire conditions.

Triacetin was detected at concentrations of 0.024 and 0.51 ug/L in secondary effluent samples from a rapid infiltration site in Fort Polk, LA sampled November 4-5, 1980(1).

Triacetin is a tobacco ingredient and has been identified in tobacco smoke(1).

IDENTIFICATION AND USE: Triacetin, also known as glyceryl triacetate (GTA), is a colorless liquid. It is reported to function as a cosmetic biocide, plasticizer, and solvent in cosmetic formulations. Triacetin is also used as a cellulose plasticizer in the manufacture of cigarette filters, as a carrier in fungicidal compositions, and to remove carbon dioxide from natural gas. Triacetin was affirmed as a GRAS (generally recognized as safe) human food ingredient by FDA. Triacetin has been used experimentally for the treatment of Canavan disease, a fatal dysmyelinating genetic disorder associated with aspartoacylase deficiency, resulting in decreased brain acetate levels and reduced myelin lipid synthesis in the developing brain. HUMAN EXPOSURE AND TOXICITY: In humans, commercial Triacetin has caused ocular irritation but no injury. Triacetin was not an irritant or a sensitizer in a clinical maximization study, and only very mild reactions were seen in a Duhring-chamber test using a 50% dilution. In sensitive individuals, it may cause slight irritation. ANIMAL STUDIES: Triacetin is moderately toxic by intraperitoneal, subcutaneous, and intravenous routes. The symptoms of toxicity with triacetin are primarily weakness and ataxia. Animals near death exhibit severe dyspnea, muscular tremors, and occasional convulsions, usually 2-22 min after the injection. Also various degrees of hemorrhage in the lung have been observed. It does not appear to affect the liver, spleen, heart, or kidneys. In short-term feeding studies, triacetin affected weight gain. Rats that were fed diets containing 30% triacetin as a starch substitute for 3 to 4 or 12 to 13 weeks, showed relatively poor growth. Liver enlargement was observed in all animals. Triacetin was not toxic in short-term studies when administered via inhalation or parenterally or in subchronic studies when administered via feed or inhalation. Triacetin was, at most, slightly irritating to guinea pig skin. However, in one study, it caused erythema, slight edema, alopecia, and desquamation. Triacetin was not sensitizing in guinea pigs. Triacetin caused some irritation in rabbit eyes. In a study performed on dogs, it was found that intra-gastric infusion of 1.0%-2.0% triacetin delays gastric emptying by increasing proximal stomach receptive volume, temporarily inhibiting gastric antral contractions and facilitating duodenal contractions. In a study using triacetin as a method of delivering metabolizable acetate to the brain of rats suffering traumatic brain injury, it was found that triacetin administration significantly increased the levels of both NAA (N-acetylaspartate) and ATP in the injured hemisphere 4 and 6 days after injury, and also resulted in significantly improved motor performance in rats 3 days after injury. Triacetin, with and without metabolic activation, was not mutagenic in the Ames assay using Salmonella typhimurium strains TA98, TA100, TA1535, TA153 with or without activation. It was also not mutagenic in an in vivo assay using Drosophila.

The present studies investigated the effects of intravenous administration of the short-chain triglyceride triacetin on leucine metabolism in dogs. Animals received infusions of triacetin at 1.0 x estimated resting energy expenditure (REE), hyperenergetic triacetin at 1.5 x REE, glycerol, or saline during infusion of [(1-14)C]leucine. During both triacetin infusions, plasma alpha-ketoisocaproate concentrations increased (p < 0.05). During triacetin infusion at 1.5 REE, the plasma leucine concentration decreased (p < 0.05) and leucine rate of appearance decreased by approximately 19% (p < 0.05); this was significantly greater than the changes that occurred during triacetin at 1.0 x REE and glycerol (p < 0.05). There was no difference in leucine oxidation between the dogs given triacetin at 1.0 x REE and control groups, whereas leucine oxidation decreased by 53% during triacetin infusion at 1.5 x REE (p < 0.05). Nonoxidative leucine disappearance, an indicator of protein synthesis, did not change in any of the studies.

LD50 Rabbit iv 750 mg/kg|LD50 Dog iv 1500 mg/kg|LD50 Mouse sc 2300 mg/kg|LD50 Mouse ip 1400 mg/kg|For more Non-Human Toxicity Values (Complete) data for TRIACETIN (13 total), please visit the HSDB record page.

Diabetics or patients with impaired blood circulation: Use spray with caution.

Triacetin occurs naturally in small quantities in the seed of European spindletree(1) and papaya(2).

Triacetin's production and use as a topical antifungal, fixative in perfumery, plasticizer, specialty solvent, as well as its use in the manufacture of cosmetics and removal of carbon dioxide from natural gas(1) may result in its release to the environment through various waste streams(SRC). Triacetin is a byproduct obtained during interesterification processes during the production of biodiesel. It may be added to the formulation of biodiesel up to 10 wt.%(2).

TERRESTRIAL FATE: Based on a classification scheme(1), an estimated Koc value of 40(SRC), determined from a structure estimation method(2), indicates that triacetin is expected to have very high mobility in soil(SRC). Volatilization of triacetin from moist soil surfaces is not expected to be an important fate process(SRC) given an estimated Henry's Law constant of 1.2X10-8 atm-cu m/mole(3) based upon its vapor pressure, 2.48X10-3 mm Hg(4), and water solubility, 5.8X10+4 mg/L(5). Triacetin is not expected to volatilize from dry soil surfaces(SRC) based upon its vapor pressure(4). Utilizing the Japanese MITI test, 93% of the Theoretical BOD of a mixture containing triacetin was reached in 4 weeks(6) indicating that biodegradation is an important environmental fate process in soil(SRC).|AQUATIC FATE: Based on a classification scheme(1), an estimated Koc value of 40(SRC), determined from a structure estimation method(2), indicates that triacetin is not expected to adsorb to suspended solids and sediment(SRC). Volatilization from water surfaces is not expected(3) based upon an estimated Henry's Law constant of 1.2X10-8 atm-cu m/mole(4) derived from its vapor pressure, 2.48X10-3 mm Hg(5), and water solubility, 5.8X10+4 mg/L(6). According to a classification scheme(7), an estimated BCF of 30(SRC), from its log Kow of 0.25(8) and a regression-derived equation(2), suggests the potential for bioconcentration in aquatic organisms is low(SRC). Utilizing the Japanese MITI test, 93% of the Theoretical BOD of a mixture containing triacetin was reached in 4 weeks(9) indicating that biodegradation is an important environmental fate process in water(SRC).|ATMOSPHERIC FATE: According to a model of gas/particle partitioning of semivolatile organic compounds in the atmosphere(1), triacetin, which has a vapor pressure of 2.48X10-3 mm Hg at 25 °C(5), is expected to exist solely as a vapor in the ambient atmosphere. Vapor-phase triacetin is degraded in the atmosphere by reaction with photochemically-produced hydroxyl radicals(SRC); the half-life for this reaction in air is estimated to be 4 days(SRC), calculated from its rate constant of 8.5X10-12 cu cm/molecule-sec at 25 °C(SRC) that was derived using a structure estimation method(3). Triacetin does not contain chromophores that absorb at wavelengths >290 nm(4) and, therefore, is not expected to be susceptible to direct photolysis by sunlight(SRC).

The rate constant for the vapor-phase reaction of triacetin with photochemically-produced hydroxyl radicals has been estimated as 8.5X10-12 cu cm/molecule-sec at 25 °C(SRC) using a structure estimation method(1). This corresponds to an atmospheric half-life of about 4 days at an atmospheric concentration of 5X10+5 hydroxyl radicals per cu cm(1). A base-catalyzed second-order hydrolysis rate constant of 6.2X10-1 L/mole-sec(SRC) was estimated using a structure estimation method(2); this corresponds to half-lives of 130 and 13 days at pH values of 7 and 8, respectively(2). Triacetin does not contain chromophores that absorb at wavelengths >290 nm(3) and, therefore, is not expected to be susceptible to direct photolysis by sunlight(SRC).

An estimated BCF of 3 was calculated in fish for triacetin(SRC), using a log Kow of 0.25(1) and a regression-derived equation(2). According to a classification scheme(3), this BCF suggests the potential for bioconcentration in aquatic organisms is low(SRC).

Using a structure estimation method based on molecular connectivity indices(1), the Koc of triacetin can be estimated to be 40(SRC). According to a classification scheme(2), this estimated Koc value suggests that triacetin is expected to have very high mobility in soil.

The Henry's Law constant for triacetin is estimated as 1.2X10-8 atm-cu m/mole(SRC) derived from its vapor pressure, 2.48X10-3 mm Hg(1), and water solubility, 5.8X10+4 mg/L(2). This Henry's Law constant indicates that triacetin is expected to be essentially nonvolatile from water surfaces(3). Triacetin's estimated Henry's Law constant indicates that volatilization from moist soil surfaces is not expected to occur(SRC). Triacetin is not expected to volatilize from dry soil surfaces(SRC) based upon its vapor pressure(1).

SURFACE WATER: Triacetin was detected in a sample of Tennessee River water collected in Apr 1973 (concn not reported)(1).|RAIN/SNOW: Triacetin was found in 1 out of 10 snow samples collected early March, 1998 from Finland, Russia and Siberia. The sample that contained 0.8 ug/kg of triacetin was from Moscow State University, Russia(1).

According to the 2012 TSCA Inventory Update Reporting data, 10 reporting facilities estimate the number of persons reasonably likely to be exposed during the manufacturing, processing, or use of triacetin in the United States may be as low as less than 10 workers and as high as 99 workers per plant; the data may be greatly underestimated due to confidential business information (CBI) or unknown values(1).|NIOSH (NOES Survey 1981-1983) has statistically estimated that 18,436 workers (4,103 of these are female) were potentially exposed to triacetin in the US(1). Occupational exposure to triacetin may occur through inhalation and dermal contact with this compound at workplaces where triacetin is produced or used. Use data indicate that the general population may be exposed to triacetin via dermal contact with consumer products containing triacetin(SRC).

/EXPL THER/ Canavan disease (CD) is a fatal dysmyelinating genetic disorder associated with aspartoacylase deficiency, resulting in decreased brain acetate levels and reduced myelin lipid synthesis in the developing brain. Here we tested tolerability of a potent acetate precursor, glyceryl triacetate (GTA), at low doses in two infants diagnosed with CD, aged 8 and 13 months. Much higher doses of GTA were evaluated for toxicity in the tremor rat model of CD. GTA was given orally to the infants for up to 4.5 and 6 months, starting at 25 mg/kg twice daily, doubling the dose weekly until a maximum of 250 mg/kg reached. GTA treatment caused no detectable toxicity and the patients showed no deterioration in clinical status. Lack of GTA toxicity in two CD patients in low-dose trials suggests that higher, effective dose studies in human CD patients are warranted.|Antifungal Agents; Solvents|/EXPL THER/ The FDA approved food additive Triacetin (glyceryl triacetate, GTA) has been safely used for acetate supplementation therapy in Canavan disease, a leukodystrophy due to aspartoacylase (ASPA) mutation. This study characterized the effects of GTA on the proliferation and differentiation of six primary glioblastoma (GBM)-derived glioma stem-like cells (GSCs) relative to established U87 and U251 GBM cell lines, normal human cerebral cortical astrocytes, and murine neural stem cells. GTA reduced proliferation of GSCs greater than established GBM lines. Moreover, GTA reduced growth of the more aggressive mesenchymal GSCs greater than proneural GSCs. Although sodium acetate induced a dose-dependent reduction of GSC growth, it also reduced cell viability. GTA-mediated growth inhibition was not associated with differentiation, but increased protein acetylation. These data suggest that GTA-mediated acetate supplementation is a novel therapeutic strategy to inhibit GSC growth.|/EXPL THER/ Canavan disease (CD) is a rare autosomal recessive neurodegenerative disorder presenting in early infancy. The course of the disease is variable, but it is always fatal. CD is caused by mutations in the ASPA gene, which codes for the enzyme aspartoacylase (ASPA), which breaks down N-acetylaspartate (NAA) to acetate and aspartic acid. The lack of NAA-degrading enzyme activity leads to excess accumulation of NAA in the brain and deficiency of acetate, which is necessary for myelin lipid synthesis. Glyceryltriacetate (GTA) is a short-chain triglyceride with three acetate moieties on a glycerol backbone and has proven an effective acetate precursor. Intragastric administration of GTA to tremor mice results in greatly increased brain acetate levels, and improved motor functions. GTA given to infants with CD at a low dose (up to 0.25 g/kg/d) resulted in no improvement in their clinical status, but also no detectable toxicity. We present for the first time the safety profile of high dose GTA (4.5 g/kg/d) in 2 patients with CD. We treated 2 infants with CD at ages 8 months and 1 year with high dose GTA, for 4.5 and 6 months respectively. No significant side effects and no toxicity were observed. Although the treatment resulted in no motor improvement, it was well tolerated. The lack of clinical improvement might be explained mainly by the late onset of treatment, when significant brain damage was already present. Further larger studies of CD patients below age 3 months are required in order to test the long-term efficacy of this drug.|For more Therapeutic Uses (Complete) data for TRIACETIN (9 total), please visit the HSDB record page.

For external use only: Not for ophthalmic use.|Irritation or sensitivity: Discontinue treatment and notify physician.|Diabetics or patients with impaired blood circulation: Use spray with caution.

Substances that destroy fungi by suppressing their ability to grow or reproduce. They differ from FUNGICIDES, INDUSTRIAL because they defend against fungi present in human or animal tissues. (See all compounds classified as Antifungal Agents.)|Liquids that dissolve other substances (solutes), generally solids, without any change in chemical composition, as, water containing sugar. (Grant and Hackh's Chemical Dictionary, 5th ed) (See all compounds classified as Solvents.)

...Triacetin is more rapidly absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract in 3 hours than the other fats tested. Triacetin has been shown to be a source of liver glycogen and when fed in amounts equal in caloric value to 15% glucose it was utilized as efficiently as was glucose.|Mongrel dogs /were used/ to determine the systemic, hindlimb, gut, hepatic, and renal uptake of acetate during infusion of a 5% v/v aqueous solution of triacetin. A primed, continuous infusion of [1-(14)C]-acetate was continued for 7 hr with 10 animals. Three hours after the start of the tracer infusion, the animals were infused with triacetin at a rate of 47 umol/kg/min for 4 hr. Blood and breath samples were taken at 15-min intervals for the last 30 min. Steady-state conditions were achieved in plasma acetate concentrations and specific activity and in expired [(14)-C02]. Plasma acetate concentrations were 1180, 935, 817, 752, and 473 umol/L /(all values approximate)/ in the aorta, renal vein, portal vein, femoral vein, and hepatic vein, respectively. The acetate turnover rate during triacetin infusion was 2214 umol/min; systemic acetate turnover accounted for 68% of triacetin-derived acetate.

Triacetin has been administered iv to mongrel dogs. The majority of infused triacetin underwent intravascular hydrolysis, and the majority of the resulting acetate is oxidized. Triacetin was found to be hydrolyzed by human intestinal lipase.|...Triacetin is rapidly hydrolysed in vitro by all tissues of the organism including the gastrointestinal tract.|Groups of female mongrel dogs to study the metabolic effects of isocaloric and hypercaloric infusions of 5% v/v aqueous triacetin. A primed, continuous infusion of 5 umol/kg (0.3 uCi/kg/min) [(13)C]-acetoacetate and 1.0 uCi/kg (0.01 uCi/kg/min) [(3)H]-glucose was continued for 6 hr. Three hours after the start of the isotope infusion, dosing with triacetin was started. Six animals were infused at a rate of 47 umol/kg/min and seven were infused at a rate of 70 umol/kg/min triacetin for 3 hr. Blood and breath samples were taken at 15 to 30-min intervals. A group of four animals was infused with 70 umol/kg/min glycerol and used as the control for the hypercaloric infusion. During isocaloric infusion of triacetin, plasma acetate and free fatty acid concentrations were significantly increased at 30 and 60 min, respectively, and remained elevated. During hypercaloric infusion, plasma acetate concentration increased progressively throughout the study, whereas the plasma free fatty acid concentration did not change. Plasma pyruvate and lactate concentrations were significantly decreased after 30 and 90 min, respectively, and throughout the study with both isocaloric and hypercaloric infusion. The plasma insulin concentrations were modestly increased during both infusions. Plasma glucose concentration was significantly decreased during isocaloric triacetin infusion; a slight but significant increase was observed with hypercaloric infusion. Glucose clearance decreased significantly in both groups during the last hour of triacetin infusion. Plasma ketone body concentrations increased significantly by 60 min, and they remained elevated with isocaloric infusion and increased progressively with hypercaloric infusion of triacetin; the increased concentrations were due to increased ketone body production. During the last hour of infusion, resting energy expenditure was significantly increased with isocaloric triacetin.|Esterases in fungi or in serum act at pH >4 to slowly release acetic acid in situ. Extent of hydrolysis is automatically limited by increased acidity and lowering of pH.|... The fungistatic activity of triacetin (glyceryl triacetate) results from its hydrolysis by fungalesterases to acetic acid.

Triacetin contains trace moisture and acetic acid|... Commercial triacetin may contain diacetin, as well as monoacetin ...

Fresh air, rest.

Rinse skin with plenty of water or shower.

Rinse with plenty of water for several minutes (remove contact lenses if easily possible).

/SRP:/ Immediate first aid: Ensure that adequate decontamination has been carried out. If patient is not breathing, start artificial respiration, preferably with a demand valve resuscitator, bag-valve-mask device, or pocket mask, as trained. Perform CPR if necessary. Immediately flush contaminated eyes with gently flowing water. Do not induce vomiting. If vomiting occurs, lean patient forward or place on the left side (head-down position, if possible) to maintain an open airway and prevent aspiration. Keep patient quiet and maintain normal body temperature. Obtain medical attention. /Poisons A and B/|/SRP:/ Basic treatment: Establish a patent airway (oropharyngeal or nasopharyngeal airway, if needed). Suction if necessary. Watch for signs of respiratory insufficiency and assist ventilations if needed. Administer oxygen by nonrebreather mask at 10 to 15 L/min. Monitor for pulmonary edema and treat if necessary ... . Monitor for shock and treat if necessary ... . Anticipate seizures and treat if necessary ... . For eye contamination, flush eyes immediately with water. Irrigate each eye continuously with 0.9% saline (NS) during transport ... . Do not use emetics. For ingestion, rinse mouth and administer 5 mL/kg up to 200 mL of water for dilution if the patient can swallow, has a strong gag reflex, and does not drool ... . Cover skin burns with dry sterile dressings after decontamination ... . /Poisons A and B/|/SRP:/ Advanced treatment: Consider orotracheal or nasotracheal intubation for airway control in the patient who is unconscious, has severe pulmonary edema, or is in severe respiratory distress. Positive-pressure ventilation techniques with a bag valve mask device may be beneficial. Consider drug therapy for pulmonary edema ... . Consider administering a beta agonist such as albuterol for severe bronchospasm ... . Monitor cardiac rhythm and treat arrhythmias as necessary ... . Start IV administration of D5W TKO /SRP: "To keep open", minimal flow rate/. Use 0.9% saline (NS) or lactated Ringer's (LR) if signs of hypovolemia are present. For hypotension with signs of hypovolemia, administer fluid cautiously. Watch for signs of fluid overload ... . Treat seizures with diazepam or lorazepam ... . Use proparacaine hydrochloride to assist eye irrigation ... . /Poisons A and B/

/HUMAN EXPOSURE STUDIES/ ... Triacetin (test concentrations not provided) was not an irritant or a sensitizer in a clinical maximization study, and only very mild reactions were seen in a Duhring-chamber test using a 50% dilution. In humans, commercial Triacetin has caused ocular irritation but no injury.|/HUMAN EXPOSURE STUDIES/ A Duhring-chamber test was conducted on 20 healthy volunteers. The test substance was applied as 50% dilution for 24 hours. Result: only very mild skin reactions were observed. The substance has a good skin compatibility.|/HUMAN EXPOSURE STUDIES/ A maximization test for undiluted triacetin was completed using 33 subjects. Triacetin was applied under an occlusive patch to the volar aspect of the forearm for 48 hr on 5 alternate days. Because a pretest indicated the triacetin was not an irritant, the test site was pretreated for 24 hr with 2% sodium lauryl sulfate (SLS) under an occlusive patch prior to application of the initial test patch. After a 10 to 14-day nontreatment period, challenge patches were applied to a previously unexposed site on the right side of the back. Prior to challenge, 2% SLS was applied for 30 min under an occlusive patch to the left side of the back. Additional SLS control patches and petrolatum patches were placed on the left and right sides, respectively, and used as controls. Undiluted triacetin did not produce an irritant or sensitization reaction.|/SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS/ ... Commercial triacetin may contain diacetin, as well as monoacetin, and when applied to ... human eyes causes severe burning pain and much redness of the conjunctiva, but no injury. Diacetin causes considerably more discomfort than pure triacetin.|For more Human Toxicity Excerpts (Complete) data for TRIACETIN (6 total), please visit the HSDB record page.

Enzactin

Redness.

Technical; chemically pure; ND; Food Chemical Codex|Food-grade Triacetin must be at least 98.5% C9H14O6, and it must not contain >5 mg/kg heavy metals (as Pb) or>0.2% water.|USP-grade Triacetin must contain not less than 97.0% and not greater than 100.5% C9H14O6, calculated on the anhydrous basis|Trade names: Enzaactin; Estoll 1581; Fungacetin; Glyped; Kessocoflex TRA; Kadoflex triacetin; Only-Clear Nail; Priacetin 1581; Ujostabil; and Vanay.|For more Formulations/Preparations (Complete) data for TRIACETIN (6 total), please visit the HSDB record page.

Adhesive manufacturing|1,2,3-Propanetriol, 1,2,3-triacetate: ACTIVE

A simple, rapid, specific and precise reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatographic method was developed for simultaneous estimation of triacetin, acetic ether, butyl acetate and amorolfine in marketed pharmaceutical liniment. Chromatographic separation was performed on a Shimadzu VP-ODS C(18) column using the mixture of citric acid-hydrochloric acid-sodium hydrate buffer (pH 3.0), acetonitrile and methanol (32:30:38) as the mobile phase at a flow rate of 1.0 mL/min with UV-detection at 215 nm. The method separated the four components simultaneously in less than 10 min. The validation of the method was performed with respect to specificity, linearity, accuracy, and precision. The calibration curves were linear in the range of 35.1-81.9 u/mL fortriacetin, 431.1-1005.9 u/mL for acetic ether, 167.0-389.7 u/mL for butyl acetate and 151.0-352.3 u/mL for amorolfine. The mean 100% spiked recovery for triacetin, acetic ether, butyl acetate and amorolfine is 99.43 +/- 0.42, 101.5 +/- 1.09, 101.4 +/- 1.02 and 100.8 +/- 0.69, respectively. The intra-day and inter-day relative standard deviation values were <2.0%. The limits of detection of these compounds ranged from 0.08 to 5.88 ng. The utility of the procedure was verified by its application to the commercial liniment.|Identified using infrared absorption spectrum ... .|Analyte: triacetin; matrix: chemical identification; procedure: infrared absorption spectrophotometry with comparison to standards|Analyte: triacetin; matrix: chemical identification; procedure: evolution of ethyl acetate odor when warmed with sulfuric acid and alcohol|Analyte: triacetin; matrix: chemical; procedure: reaction with alcoholic potassium hydroxide; titration with hydrochloric acid and phenolphthalein indicator

EPA Safer Chemical Functional Use Classes -> Solvents|Safer Chemical Classes -> Green circle - The chemical has been verified to be of low concern|Food additives|Flavouring Agent -> FLAVOURING_AGENT; -> JECFA Functional ClassesFood Additives -> CARRIER_SOLVENT; -> JECFA Functional ClassesFood Additives -> HUMECTANT; -> JECFA Functional Classes|Flavoring Agents -> JECFA Flavorings Index|Lipids -> Glycerolipids [GL] -> Triradylglycerols [GL03] -> Triacylglycerols [GL0301]|Cosmetics -> Antimicrobial; Film forming; Hair dyeing; Plasticiser; Solvent

Flavouring Agent -> FLAVOURING_AGENT; Food Additives -> CARRIER_SOLVENT; Food Additives -> HUMECTANT;|Flavoring Agents