1,2,4-Methenocyclopenta[cd]pentalene-5-carboxaldehyde, 2,2a,3,3,4,7-hexachlorodecahydro-, (1R,2R,2aR,4S,4aS,5R,6aR,6bR,7S)-rel-

380.91

380.91

2761

DTXSID0047743

17.07000

3.19

Endrin aldehyde is a solid.

1.7±0.1 g/cm3

Melting point: 235 °C, with decomposition

429.7±45.0 °C at 760 mmHg

11 °C

1.625

260 μg/L at 25 °C (extraction-GLC, Weil et al., 1974)

0-6°C

2 x 10 -7 mmHg at 25 °C (Martin, 1972)

Henry's Law constant = 4.2X10-6 atm-cu m/mole at 25 °C /Estimated/

Hydroxyl radical reaction rate constant = 34X10-12 cu cm/molecule-sec at 25 °C /Estimated/

No rapid reaction with air. No rapid reaction with water.

Aldehydes

ENDRIN ALDEHYDE is a chlorinated aldehyde derivative. Aldehydes are frequently involved in self-condensation or polymerization reactions. These reactions are exothermic; they are often catalyzed by acid. Aldehydes are readily oxidized to give carboxylic acids. Flammable and/or toxic gases are generated by the combination of aldehydes with azo, diazo compounds, dithiocarbamates, nitrides, and strong reducing agents. Aldehydes can react with air to give first peroxo acids, and ultimately carboxylic acids. These autoxidation reactions are activated by light, catalyzed by salts of transition metals, and are autocatalytic (catalyzed by the products of the reaction). The addition of stabilizers (antioxidants) to shipments of aldehydes retards autoxidation.

III

6.1(b)

2761

3

22-39/23/24/25-23/24/25-11

7-16-36/37-45

Xn,T,F

STABLE IN PRESENCE OF MOST ALKALIES

P260-P280-P301 + P310-P311

H301-H311-H331-H370

SRP: The most favorable course of action is to use an alternative chemical product with less inherent propensity for occupational exposure or environmental contamination. Recycle any unused portion of the material for its approved use or return it to the manufacturer or supplier. Ultimate disposal of the chemical must consider: the material's impact on air quality; potential migration in soil or water; effects on animal, aquatic, and plant life; and conformance with environmental and public health regulations.|The reductive dechlorination of dieldrin and endrin was investigated as a possible procedure for field disposal of small quantities of these pesticides. The objective was to convert the parent compounds to environmentally less objectionable materials. Emulsifiable concentrate formulations of the pesticides in a soil slurry were mixed with powdered zinc, dilute acetic acid, and acetone to facilitate reaction. Analysis of the mixtures by GC/MS indicated essentially complete conversion of endrin and partial conversion of dieldrin to products probably formed by replacement of the bridge anti-chlorines with hydrogen. /Endrin/|Group I Containers: Combustible containers from organic or metallo-organic pesticides (except organic mercury, lead, cadmium, or arsenic compounds) should be disposed of in pesticide incinerators or in specified landfill sites.|Group II Containers: Non-combustible containers from organic or metallo-organic pesticides (except organic mercury, lead, cadmium, or arsenic compounds) must first be triple-rinsed. Containers that are in good condition may be returned to the manufacturer or formulator of the pesticide product, or to a drum reconditioner for reuse with the same type of pesticide product, if such reuse is legal under Department of Transportation regulations (eg 49 CFR 173.28). Containers that are not to be reused should be punctured ... and transported to a scrap metal facility for recycling, disposal or burial in a designated landfill.

USEPA; Ambient Water Quality Criteria Doc: Endrin (1980) EPA 440/5-80-047|DHHS/ATSDR; Toxicological Profile for Endrin/Endrin Aldehyde (1990) ATSDR/TP-90/14

Excerpt from ERG Guide 151 [Substances - Toxic (Non-combustible)]: Non-combustible, substance itself does not burn but may decompose upon heating to produce corrosive and/or toxic fumes. Containers may explode when heated. Runoff may pollute waterways. (ERG, 2016)

Excerpt from ERG Guide 151 [Substances - Toxic (Non-combustible)]: As an immediate precautionary measure, isolate spill or leak area in all directions for at least 50 meters (150 feet) for liquids and at least 25 meters (75 feet) for solids. SPILL: Increase, in the downwind direction, as necessary, the isolation distance shown above. FIRE: If tank, rail car or tank truck is involved in a fire, ISOLATE for 800 meters (1/2 mile) in all directions; also, consider initial evacuation for 800 meters (1/2 mile) in all directions. (ERG, 2016)

SMALL SPILLS AND LEAKAGE: If you spill this chemical, use absorbent paper to pick up all liquid spill material. Your contaminated clothing and absorbent paper should be sealed in a vapor-tight plastic bag for eventual disposal. Solvent wash all contaminated surfaces with alcohol followed by washing with a strong soap and water solution. Do not reenter the contaminated area until the Safety Officer (or other responsible person) has verified that the area has been properly cleaned. STORAGE PRECAUTIONS: You should protect this chemical from exposure to light, and store it in a freezer. (NTP, 1992)

MINIMUM PROTECTIVE CLOTHING: If Tyvek-type disposable protective clothing is not worn during handling of this chemical, wear disposable Tyvek-type sleeves taped to your gloves. RECOMMENDED RESPIRATOR: Where the neat test chemical is weighed and diluted, wear a NIOSH-approved half face respirator equipped with a combination filter cartridge, i.e. organic vapor/acid gas/HEPA (specific for organic vapors, HCl, acid gas, SO2 and a high efficiency particulate filter). RECOMMENDED GLOVE MATERIALS: Permeation data indicate that butyl rubber gloves may provide protection to contact with this compound. Butyl rubber over latex gloves is recommended. However, if this chemical makes direct contact with your gloves, or if a tear, hole or puncture develops, remove them at once. (NTP, 1992)|Respiratory protection against endrin is as follows: Particulate Concentration: 1 mg/cu m or less: Any chemical cartridge respirator with organic vapor cartridges and dust and mist filters, including pesticide respirators which meet the requirements of this class; Or any supplied-air respirator, or any self-contained breathing apparatus; 5 mg/cu m or less: A chemical cartridge respirator with a full facepiece, organic vapor cartridges, and dust and mist filters, including pesticide respirators which meet the requirements of this class, or a gas mask with a chin-style or a front- or back-mounted organic vapor canister and dust and mist filter, including pesticide respirators which meet the requirements of this class, or any supplied-air respirator with a full facepiece, helmet, or hood, or any self-contained breathing apparatus with a full facepiece; 100 mg/cu m or less: A powered air-purifiying respirator with an organic vapor cartridge and high efficiency particulate filter, including pesticide respirators which meet the requirements of this class, or a Type C supplied-air respirator operated in pressure-demand or other positive pressure or continuous-flow mode; 200 mg/cu m or less: A Type C supplied-air respirator with a full facepiece operated in pressure-demand or other positive pressure mode or with a full facepiece, helmet, or hood, operated in continuous-flow mode; Greater than 200 mg/cu m or entry and escape from unknown concentrations: Self-contained breathing apparatus with a full facepiece operated in pressure-demand or other positive pressure mode, or a combination respirator which includes a Type C supplied-air respirator with a full facepiece operated in pressure-demand or other positive pressure or continuous-flow mode and an auxiliary self-contained breathing apparatus operated in pressure-demand or other positive pressure mode; Escape: Any gas mask providing protection against organic vapors and particulates, including pesticide respirators which meet the requirements of this class, or any escape self-contained breathing apparatus. /Endrin/|Employees should be provided with and required to use impervious clothing, gloves, face shields (eight-inch minimum), and other appropriate protective clothing necessary to prevent any possibility of skin contact with endrin or liquids containing endrin. /Endrin/|Personnel protection: ... Wear appropriate chemical protective gloves, boots and goggles. .... /Organochlorine pesticide, liquid; Organochlorine pesticide, solid, toxic/

Solid is not combustible, however, it may be dissolved in a flammable solvent. /Endrin/

Fire Fighting: Self-contained breathing apparatus with a full facepiece operated in pressure-demand or other positive pressure mode. /Endrin/|Fire extinguishing agents: (solution) dry chemical; foam; carbon dioxide, water may be ineffective /Endrin/

Technical report the applicability of carbon to remove toxicants on EPA's published list and fish kill due to influent and effluent from five industrial plants currently using adsorption as a treatment method are examined. In the laboratory, activated carbon can achieve levels of less than 1 mg/l of aldrin, dieldrin, endrin, DDE, DDT, DDD, toxaphene, and aroclors 1242 and 1254. In operating plants, the toxicity of wastes to fish due to unknown constituents is significantly reduced or totally removed by activated carbon treatment. /Endrin/|1. VENTILATE AREA OF SPILL. 2. COLLECT SPILLED MATERIAL IN MOST CONVENIENT & SAFE MANNER & DEPOSIT IN SEALED CONTAINERS FOR RECLAMATION, ... . /ENDRIN/

Eating and smoking should not be permitted in areas where endrin or liquids containing endrin are handled, processed, or stored. Employees who handle endrin, or liquids containing endrin should wash their hands thoroughly with soap, or mild detergent and water before eating, smoking, or using toilet facilities. Skin that becomes contaminated with endrin should be immediately washed or showered with soap or mild detergent and water to remove any endrin. /Endrin/|Clothing which has had any possibility of being contaminated with endrin should be placed in closed containers for storage until it can be discarded or until provision is made for the removal of endrin from the clothing. If the clothing is to be laundered or otherwise cleaned to remove the endrin the person performing the operation should be informed of endrin's hazardous properties. /Endrin/|Where there is any possibility of exposure of an employee's body to endrin or liquids containing endrin, facilities for quick drenching of the body should be provided within the immediate work area for emergency use. ... Where there is any possibility that employees' eyes may be exposed to endrin, an eye-wash fountain should be provided within the immediate work area for emergency use. /Endrin/|In addition to respirator selection, a complete respiratory protection program should be instituted which includes regular training, maintenance, inspection, cleaning, and evaluation. /Endrin/

No person may /transport,/ offer or accept a hazardous material for transportation in commerce unless that person is registered in conformance ... and the hazardous material is properly classed, described, packaged, marked, labeled, and in condition for shipment as required or authorized by ... /the hazardous materials regulations (49 CFR 171-177)./|The International Air Transport Association (IATA) Dangerous Goods Regulations are published by the IATA Dangerous Goods Board pursuant to IATA Resolutions 618 and 619 and constitute a manual of industry carrier regulations to be followed by all IATA Member airlines when transporting hazardous materials.|The International Maritime Dangerous Goods Code lays down basic principles for transporting hazardous chemicals. Detailed recommendations for individual substances and a number of recommendations for good practice are included in the classes dealing with such substances. A general index of technical names has also been compiled. This index should always be consulted when attempting to locate the appropriate procedures to be used when shipping any substance or article.

Persons in charge of vessels or facilities are required to notify the National Response Center (NRC) immediately, when there is a release of this designated hazardous substance, in an amount equal to or greater than its reportable quantity of 1 lb or 0.454 kg. The toll free number of the NRC is (800) 424-8802; In the Washington D.C. metropolitan area (202) 426-2675. The rule for determining when notification is required is stated in 40 CFR 302.4 (section IV. D.3.b).

Endrin aldehyde has been detected in 1.0% of 604 reporting stations of the USEPA STORET data base system(1), concentrations ranged from 2.2 to 58 ppb in raw wastewater originating from coal mining, aluminum forming, foundries and metal finishing industries(2); concentrations in treated wastewater ranged from 0.3 to 20 ppb(2). A survey conducted by the US EPA in Holliday, KS at a water run-off site found 0.35 ug/L of endrin aldehyde(3). In a study conducted at 49 agrichemical facilities in Illinois endrin aldehyde was detected in three samples from a total of two sites(4). In another study endrin aldehyde was not detected in the New York City municipal waste stream(5).

SOIL: A study conducted at 49 agrichemical facilities in Illinois did not detect endrin aldehyde in soil samples(1). In Argentina a study found no endrin aldehyde in natural and agricultural soil samples; however, soil samples from recreational areas contained endrin aldehyde concentrations of 0.95 ng/g and 0.20 ng/g at depths of 0-15 cm and 15-30 cm, respectively(2).|SEDIMENT: A study conducted in Daya Bay, China found endrin aldehyde in the sediments ranging in concentration from 0.01-0.32 ppb(1).|A series of small congaree sandy loam field plots in Beltsville, Maryland, were treated with 0, 56 or 112, and 224 kg/ha of ... endrin ... in 1951. Sixteen yr later the parent /compound was/ still detectable with mean total residues of ... 39% ... remaining. ... Soybeans, corn, oats, and wheat were grown consecutively in the plot beginning 15 yr after treatment, soybean seeds contained ... endrin ... ; Endrin transformation products, which include endrin aldehyde, endrin alcohol, and endrin ketone; ... .

RURAL/REMOTE: An air sampling survey in the Pyrenees mountains in Spain found no quantifiable amounts of endrin aldehyde in the atmosphere(1).

LD50 Mouse (male) oral >500 mg/kg

Endrin aldehyde is a minor impurity of the pesticide endrin(1) which is no longer produced(2). Production and use of endrin may have resulted in endrin aldehyde's release to the environment through direct release of endrin or from various waste streams from the production of endrin(SRC).

TERRESTRIAL FATE: Based on a classification scheme(1), an estimated Koc value of 4,300(SRC), determined from a water solubility of 2.4X10-2 mg/L(2) and a regression-derived equation(3), indicates that endrin aldehyde is expected to have slight mobility in soil(SRC). Volatilization of endrin aldehyde from moist soil surfaces is expected to be a slow fate process(SRC) given an estimated Henry's Law constant of 4.2X10-6 atm-cu m/mole(SRC), derived from its vapor pressure, 2.0X10-7 mm Hg(4), and water solubility(2). Furthermore, adsorption to soil is expected to attenuate volatilization(SRC) from moist soil surfaces. Endrin aldehyde is not expected to volatilize from dry soil surfaces(SRC) based upon a measured vapor pressure of 2.0X10-7 mm Hg(4).|Aquatic Fate: There is no evidence to suggest that hydrolysis of endrin aldehyde will occur in aquatic systems.|AQUATIC FATE: Based on a classification scheme(1), an estimated Koc value of 4,300(SRC), determined from a water solubility of 2.4X10-2 mg/L(2) and a regression-derived equation(3), indicates that endrin aldehyde is expected to adsorb to suspended solids and sediment(SRC). Volatilization from water surfaces may occur(3) based upon an estimated Henry's Law constant of 4.2X10-6 atm-cu m/mole(SRC) derived from its vapor pressure, 2.0X10-7 mm Hg(4), and water solubility(2). Using this Henry's Law constant and an estimation method(3), volatilization half-lives for a model river and model lake are 17 days and 132 days, respectively(SRC). However, the estimated volatilization half-life from a model pond is 540 months if adsorption is considered(5). According to a classification scheme(6), an estimated BCF of 5,000(SRC), from it's water solubility(2) and a regression-derived equation(3), suggests the potential for bioconcentration in aquatic organisms is high(SRC).|ATMOSPHERIC FATE: According to a model of gas/particle partitioning of semivolatile organic compounds in the atmosphere(1), endrin aldehyde, which has a estimated vapor pressure of 2.0X10-7 mm Hg at 25 °C(2), will exist in both the vapor and particulate phases in the ambient atmosphere. Vapor-phase endrin aldehyde is degraded in the atmosphere by reaction with photochemically-produced hydroxyl radicals(SRC); the half-life for this reaction in air is estimated to be 3.8 hours(SRC), calculated from its rate constant of 3.4X10-11 cu cm/molecule-sec at 25 °C(SRC) that was derived using a structure based estimation method(3). Particulate-phase endrin aldehyde may be removed from the air by wet and dry deposition(SRC).

The rate constant for the vapor-phase reaction of endrin aldehyde with photochemically-produced hydroxyl radicals has been estimated as 3.4X10-11 cu cm/molecule-sec at 25 °C(SRC) using a structure estimation method(1). This corresponds to an atmospheric half-life of about 3.8 hours at an atmospheric concentration of 5X10+5 hydroxyl radicals per cu cm(1). By analogy to endrin, the hydrolysis half-life of endrin aldehyde is probably in excess of 4 years(3). Endrin aldehyde may be susceptible to photolysis in the environmental UV spectrum(SRC).

An estimated BCF of 5,000 was calculated for endrin aldehyde(SRC), using a water solubility of 2.4X10-2 mg/L(1) and a regression-derived equation(2). According to a classification scheme(3), this BCF suggests the potential for bioconcentration in aquatic organisms is very high(SRC). A study in Oakridge, TN conducted on redbreasted sunfish and central stonerollers found quantities of endrin aldehyde, 148.5 and 229.5 ug/kg(4), respectively, to be higher than the background amounts of endrin aldehyde, 17.0 and 2.0 ug/kg(4), respectively. A BCF value was not calculated in the study, however, the data suggests the potential for endrin aldehyde to bioconcentrate(SRC).

The Koc of endrin aldehyde is estimated as 4,300(SRC), using a water solubility of 2.4X10-2 mg/L(1) and a regression-derived equation(2). According to a classification scheme(3), this estimated Koc value suggests that endrin aldehyde is expected to have slight mobility in soil.

The Henry's Law constant for endrin aldehyde is estimated as 4.2X10-6 atm-cu m/mole(SRC) derived from its vapor pressure, 2.0X10-7 mm Hg(1), and water solubility, 2.4X10-2 mg/L(2). This Henry's Law constant indicates that endrin aldehyde may volatilize from water surfaces(3). Estimated volatilization half-lives for a model river (1 m deep, flowing 1 m/sec, wind velocity 3 m/sec) and model lake (1 m deep, flowing 0.05 m/sec, wind velocity 0.5 m/sec) are 17 days and 132 days, respectively. However, volatilization from water surfaces is expected to be attenuated by adsorption to suspended solids and sediment in the water column. The estimated volatilization half-life from a model pond is 450 months if adsorption is considered(4). Endrin aldehyde's Henry's Law constant indicates that volatilization from moist soil surfaces may occur(SRC). Endrin aldehyde is not expected to volatilize from dry soil surfaces(SRC) based upon its vapor pressure(2).

GROUNDWATER: A survey conducted by the California EPA in 10 counties and including 263 wells did not find endrin aldehyde(1). A more comprehensive study by the US EPA did not detect endrin aldehyde, the testing included 1,364 wells in several states(2).|DRINKING WATER: A study in Athens, Greece found <0.002 ug/L of endrin aldehyde in the drinking water(1).|SURFACE WATER: With respect to ambient waters, endrin aldehyde has been detected in less than 1.0% of 770 reporting stations of the USEPA STORET data base system(1). A study conducted in northern Greece detected endrin aldehyde in surface water, no concentration was available(2). In Daya Bay, China a survey found endrin aldehyde in water samples ranging in concentration from 0.1-26.5 ng/L(3).

Occupational exposure and general population exposure should be low or non-existent since endrin is no longer produced or used; endrin aldehyde is a minor impurity of the pesticide endrin(1).

Excerpt from ERG Guide 151 [Substances - Toxic (Non-combustible)]: Highly toxic, may be fatal if inhaled, swallowed or absorbed through skin. Avoid any skin contact. Effects of contact or inhalation may be delayed. Fire may produce irritating, corrosive and/or toxic gases. Runoff from fire control or dilution water may be corrosive and/or toxic and cause pollution. (ERG, 2016)

EYES: First check the victim for contact lenses and remove if present. Flush victim's eyes with water or normal saline solution for 20 to 30 minutes while simultaneously calling a hospital or poison control center. Do not put any ointments, oils, or medication in the victim's eyes without specific instructions from a physician. IMMEDIATELY transport the victim after flushing eyes to a hospital even if no symptoms (such as redness or irritation) develop. SKIN: IMMEDIATELY flood affected skin with water while removing and isolating all contaminated clothing. Gently wash all affected skin areas thoroughly with soap and water. IMMEDIATELY call a hospital or poison control center even if no symptoms (such as redness or irritation) develop. IMMEDIATELY transport the victim to a hospital for treatment after washing the affected areas. INHALATION: IMMEDIATELY leave the contaminated area; take deep breaths of fresh air. IMMEDIATELY call a physician and be prepared to transport the victim to a hospital even if no symptoms (such as wheezing, coughing, shortness of breath, or burning in the mouth, throat, or chest) develop. Provide proper respiratory protection to rescuers entering an unknown atmosphere. Whenever possible, Self-Contained Breathing Apparatus (SCBA) should be used; if not available, use a level of protection greater than or equal to that advised under Protective Clothing. INGESTION: If the victim is conscious and not convulsing, give 1 or 2 glasses of water to dilute the chemical and IMMEDIATELY call a hospital or poison control center. Generally, the induction of vomiting is NOT recommended outside of a physician's care due to the risk of aspirating the chemical into the victim's lungs. However, if the victim is conscious and not convulsing and if medical help is not readily available, consider the risk of inducing vomiting because of the high toxicity of the chemical ingested. Ipecac syrup or salt water may be used in such an emergency. IMMEDIATELY transport the victim to a hospital. If the victim is convulsing or unconscious, do not give anything by mouth, ensure that the victim's airway is open and lay the victim on his/her side with the head lower than the body. DO NOT INDUCE VOMITING. IMMEDIATELY transport the victim to a hospital. (NTP, 1992)

Treatment is symptomatic and supportive. Oils should not be used as either cathartics or dermal cleansing agents, as they increase absorption. Gastric lavage and use of activated charcoal and sodium sulfate are indicated for ingestion. If dermal exposure occurred, contaminated clothes should be removed, and the skin should be thoroughly cleansed with soap and water. Management of seizures in both children and adults is with Valium or phenobarbital. Respiratory depression and even respiratory arrest especially with concomitant use of Valium and phenobarbital in children, may occur. These drugs preferably should be used only in critical care areas where emergency endotracheal intubation can be performed. ... Epinephrine can not be utilized in patients with organochlorine posioning, as the organochlorines induce myocardial irritability and ventricular arrhythmias may occur. However, dopamine may be necessary in the event of hypotension unresponsive to fluid administration, and epinephrin may be necessary in the event of cardiopulmonary arrest. ... In a critically ill patient with unknown insecticide exposure, a trial of atropine and pralidoxime should not be withheld until the etiologic agent is discovered, for the use of these agents may prove life-saving in organophosphate poisoning. Atropine must be used with caution, as it can cause ventricular irritability, especially when a mycardial irritant such as an organochlorine is present. ... Hematologic, hepatic (especially with endrin, which is markedly hepatotoxic), and renal studies as well as cardiopulmonary monitoring should be carried out in acute intoxication from lindane or other organochlorines for at least 48 to 72 hr. Long term hematologic follow-up is necessary for the patient with lindane intoxication. As the carrier for these agents may be xylene or a petroleum distillate, management also must include observation and treatment for these entities. /Organochlorine pesticides/

/SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS/ The neural excitation caused by the organochlorine insecticides leads to their primary toxic manifestations. The organochlorine insecticide toxicity syndrome includes disturbances of sensation, coordination, and mental status. Anorexia, malaise, headaches, myoclonic jerking, lethargy, tremor, hyperreflexia, motor hyperexcitability, oral paresthesia (after ingestion), and convulsions have been reported with acute organochlorine insecticide poisoning. High concentrations of organochlorine pesticides have been associated with increased myocardial irritability and cardiac arrhythmias. /Organochlorine insecticides/

Impurities found in a technical grade endrin sample include the following: dieldrin, isodrin, aldrin, heptachloronorbornadiene, heptachloronorbornene, endrin aldehyde, and delta-ketoendrin. /Technical grade endrin/

WASTEWATER WAS ANALYZED BY GC TO DETERMINE ORGANOCHLORINE PESTICIDES & POLYCHLORINATED BIPHENYLS. EXCELLENT RECOVERIES WERE OBTAINED FOR 25 PRIORITY POLLUTANTS, INCL ENDRIN ALDEHYDE.|Analysis of products: by IR spectroscopy or colorimetry. Analysis of residues: by GLC.|Method: EPA-TSC/NERL 508, Determination of Chlorinated Pesticides in Water by Gas Chromatography with an Electron Capture Detector; Analyte: endrin aldehyde; Matrix: ground water and finished drinking water; Method Detection Limit: 0.011 ug/L.|Method: EPA-NERL 525.2, Determination of Organic Compounds in Drinking Water by Liquid-Solid Extraction and Capillary Column Gas Chromatography/Mass Spectrometry; Analyte: endrin aldehyde; Matrix: finished drinking water, source water, drinking water in any treatment stage; Method Detection Limit: 0.19 ug/L.|For more Analytic Laboratory Methods (Complete) data for ENDRIN ALDEHYDE (14 total), please visit the HSDB record page.