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Warfarin

Warfarin structure

CAS No:
81-81-2
Formula:
C19H16O4
Chemical Name:
Warfarin
Synonyms:
SAKARAT;PROLIN(R);WARF COMPOUND 42(R);WARF(R);Warfarat;WARFARIN;KYPFARIN(R);DL-3-(ALPHA-ACETONYLBENZYL)-4-HYDROXYCOUMARIN
Categories:
Active Pharmaceutical Ingredients > Blood System Drugs

Description

Warfarin(WARF42) is an anticoagulant drug normally used to prevent blood clot formation as well as migration.Target: OthersWarfarin is an anticoagulant normally used in the prevention of thrombosis and thromboembolism, the formation of blood clots in the blood vessels and their migration elsewhere in the body respectively. Warfarin and related 4-hydroxycoumarin-containing molecules decrease blood coagulation by inhibiting vitamin K epoxide reductase, an enzyme that recycles oxidized vita

Warfarin is tasteless and colorless. It is a widely used as anticoagulant (which stops the blood clotting) in the treatment and prevention of thrombosis, in the treatment for chronic atrial fibrillation, mechanical valves, pulmonary embolism, and dilated cardiomyopathy. Warfarin is metabolized primarily via oxidation in the liver by CYP2C9, and exerts its anticoagulant effect by inhibiting the protein vitamin K epoxide reductase complex, subunit 1 (VKORC1). Warfarin therapy can be associated with significant bleeding complications. Achieving a safe therapeutic response can be difficult because of warfarin’s narrow therapeutic index and great individual variability in the dose required, which is mostly a consequence of individual genetic variants: it is influenced by ageing, co-prescribed drugs, diet, alcohol consumption, and comorbid conditions. To maintain a therapeutic level of anti-thrombosis and to minimize the risk of bleeding complications, warfarin therapy requires intensive monitoring via the INR to guide its dosing. It is also used as the first generation of anticoagulant rodenticides.

Warfarin was the first of the synthetic anticoagulant rodenticides with structural features inspired by a natural product (88). This prototype coumarin derivative was developed in the 1940s by systematically altering the structure of dicumarol (46), recognized earlier as the causative agent of the sweet clover disease causing severe bleeding in grazing cattle (89). These rodenticides act by inhibiting the oxidoreductive recycling of vitamin K, a cofactor necessary for prothrombin synthesis involved in blood coagulation.

Colorless crystals; odorless; tasteless. Soluble in acetone, dioxane; slightly soluble in methanol, ethanol; very soluble in alkaline aqueous solution; insoluble in water and benzene.

Warfarin is a colorless, odorless crystalline solid.

Warfarin Basic Attributes

Molecular Weight：

308.33

Exact Mass：

308.33

BRN：

8868198

EC Number：

201-377-6

TSCA：

TSCA listed

Color/Form：

Colorless

HScode：

29322090

Characteristics

PSA：

63.6

XLogP3：

2.6

Appearance：

Colorless Crystalline

Density：

1.1411 (rough estimate)

Melting Point：

162-164 °C(lit.)

Boiling Point：

356°C

Flash Point：

2℃

Refractive Index：

1.4434 (estimate)

Water Solubility：

Practically insoluble

Storage Conditions：

2-8°C

Vapor Pressure：

0.09 at 22 °C (NIOSH, 1997)

Vapor Density：

Relative vapour density (air = 1): 10.6

Toxicity：

EC50 (24-hour) for Daphnia magna 88.8 mg/L (Lilius et al., 1995); acute oral LD50 for rats 186 mg/kg (Hartley and Kidd, 1987), 3 mg/kg (RTECS, 1985)

Flammability characteristics：

Flammable; highly toxic fumes can be emitted in the fire

Odor：

odorless

Taste：

Tasteless

PKA：

pKa 4.90±0.01(H2O t = 25±0.5 I = 0.15 (KCl))(Approximate)

Henrys Law Constant：

3.7×104mol/(m3Pa) at 25℃, HSDB (2015)

Reactivity Profile：

Warfarin is incompatible with the following: Strong oxidizers .

Critical Temperature & Pressure：

2-8°C

Safety Information

Packing level：

Hazard category：

6.1(a)

Transport codes：

UN 2811 6.1/PG 1

wgk germany：

hazard class code：

T,T+,Xn,F

safety instructions：

53-45-61-52-36/37-28-26-16

RTECS Number：

GN4550000

Marks：

T,T+,Xn,F

Storage features：

The warehouse is ventilated, low temperature and dry; stored and transported separately from food materials

Stability/Shelf Life：

After constitution, warfarin sodium is physically & chemically stable for only 4 hr at room temp.

Precautionary statement(s)：

Missing Phrase - N15.00950417-P201-P260-P280-P308 + P313

Hazard Statements：

61-48/25-52/53-28-21-36-20/21/22-11

Hazardous Reactivities：

Incompatible with oxidizers (chlorates, nitrates, peroxides, permanganates, perchlorates, chlorine, bromine, fluorine, etc.); contact may cause fires or explosions. Keep away from alkaline materials, strong bases, strong acids, oxoacids, epoxides. Dust mixtures with air may cause explosion.

RIDADR：

UN 2811 6.1/PG 1

Fire Hazards：

Contact with strong oxidizers may cause fires and explosions. Toxic gases and vapors (e.g., carbon monoxide) may be released in heating to decomposition. Avoid strong oxidizers.

Shipping Name：

ARAB RAT DETH®; ATROMBINE-K®; BRUMIN®; COMPOUND 42®; D-CON®; CO- RAX®; DETHMORE®; EAGLES-7®; EASTERN STATES DUOCIDE®; GROVEX SEWER BAIT®; HOPKINS BAR BAIR®; HOPKINS COV-R-TOX®; HOPKINS RODEX®; KILLGERM SEWARIN P®; KILMOL®; LIQUA-TOX®; MAR-FIN®; MOUSE PAK®; PLUSBAIT®; RAT-A-WAY®; RAT-B-GON®; RAT-O-CIDE®; RAT-GARD®; RAT & MICE BAIT®; RATRON®; RATS-NO-MORE®; RATTUNAL®; RAX®; RCR SQUIRREL KILLER®; RENTOKIL®; RENTOKIL BIOTROL®; RODEX BLOX®; RODENTEX®; RO- DETH®; RODEX®; ROUGH & READY MOUSE MIX®; SAKARAT®; SOLFARIN®; SOREXA PLUS®; SOREX CR1®; SEWARIN®; SPRAY-TROL BRANCH®; TWIN LIGHT RAT AWAY®; RODEN-TROL®; WARFARAT®; WARF COMPOUND®; VAMPIRINIP® Sodium Salt: ATHROMBIN®; LIQUA-TOX®; PANWARFIN®; RATSUL SOLUBLE®; TINTORANE®; VARFINE®; WARAN®; WARCOUMIN®; WARFILONE®

Toxicity

Toxicity class：

most toxic

Environmental Fate：

Photolytic.Warfarin may undergo direct photolysis since the pesticide showed an absorption maximum of 330 nm (Gore et al., 1971)Chemical/Physical.The hydrolysis half-lives at 68.0°C and pH values of 3.09, 7.11 and 10.18 were calculated to be 12.9, 57.4 and 23.9 days, respectively. At 25°C and pH 7, the half-life was estimated to be 16 years (Ellington et al., 1986)

Human Exposure：

ACGIH:TLV-TWA 0.01 mg/m3,Inhalable particulate matterOSHA:PEL-TWA 0.1 mg/m3NIOSH:REL-TWA 0.1 mg/m3

Drug Information

Health Hazards：

Warfarin is classified as very toxic. Probable oral lethal dose in humans is 50-500 mg/kg, between 1 teaspoon and 1 ounce for a 150 lb. person. Material is an anticoagulant. Toxic effects other than hemorrhage are rarely seen in humans. Material is believed to be teratogenic in humans. Persons with a history of blood disorders with bleeding tendencies would be expected to be at increased risk from exposure.

Warfarin Use and Manufacturing

Uses

It is an anti-coagulant rodenticide used to kill rats and rats This product is an anticoagulant rodenticide, which is widely used all over the world. It is mainly used to kill domestic mice such as house mice, rattus norvegicus, as well as wild mice. The mode of action of Shashuling is to show anticoagulant effect after entering the mouse body, causing the mouse to bleed and cause death. Generally, the rodent control rate can reach more than 90% within three weeks after feeding. This product is also used as an oral anticoagulant. Called warfarin sodium, used to prevent and treat thromboembolic diseases.

Pesticide and rodenticide

Coumadin is widely used as an anticoagulant for various systemic diseases such as venous thromboembolism, cardiac arrhythmia, following myocardial infarction, and hematologic abnormalities, among others. However, the efficacy of coumadin for CRVO is not established. It was reported that 13 of 354 patients taking warfarin developed CRVO despite maintaining therapeutic levels of the anticoagulant.

Agrochemical：

Rodenticide: Warfarin and its sodium salt is an anticoagulant rodenticide used for controlling rats and house mice in and around homes, animal and agricultural premises, and commercialand industrial sites. It is effective in very low dosages. About a week is required before a marked reduction in the rodent population is noticeable. Rodents do not become bait-shy after once tasting warfarin; they continue to consume it until its anti-clotting properties have produced death through internal hemorrhaging. It can be used year-after-year wherever a rodent problem exists. Warfarin and its sodium salt are only slightly dangerous to humans and domestic animals when used as directed, but care must be taken with young pigs, which are especially susceptible. The sodium salt is also used to treat people with blood hypercoagulation problems. Registered for use in EU countries . Registered for use in the U.S.

Computed Properties

Molecular Weight:308.3
XLogP3:2.7
Hydrogen Bond Donor Count:1
Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count:4
Rotatable Bond Count:4
Exact Mass:308.10485899
Monoisotopic Mass:308.10485899
Topological Polar Surface Area:63.6
Heavy Atom Count:23
Complexity:502
Undefined Atom Stereocenter Count:1
Covalently-Bonded Unit Count:1
Compound Is Canonicalized:Yes

Material

Benzaldehyde

Chlorine dioxide

Toluene

2-Methoxypropene

Aspirin

Salicylic acid

Sulfuric acid

Thionyl chloride

Hydrocarbon waxes

Recommended Suppliers of Warfarin

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Warfarin

CAS No.: 81-81-2

Content: 99.00%

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