Metronidazole has a strong antibacterial effect on most anaerobic bacteria, but has no effect on aerobic bacteria and facultative anaerobes. The antibacterial spectrum includes Bacteroides fragilis and other Bacteroides, Fusobacterium, Clostridium perfringens, Eubacterium, Veillonella, Peptococcus and Peptostreptococcus. Its bactericidal concentration is slightly higher than the inhibitory concentration. The bactericidal mechanism of metronidazole has not been fully elucidated. The nitroreductase of anaerobic bacteria plays an important role in the energy metabolism of sensitive strains. The nitro group of this product is reduced to a cytotoxin, thereby acting on the DNA metabolism process of bacteria and promoting cell death.

Chloramphenicol, erythromycin, tetracyclines, and sulfonamides may interfere with the activity of this product; probenecid, aspirin, indomethacin, phenylbutazone, and sulfonamides may reduce the renal tubular secretion of penicillin and prolong the serum half-life of this product; penicillin may enhance the anticoagulant effect of warfarin; it is incompatible with heavy metals, especially copper, zinc, and mercury; turbidity may occur after mixing with cephalothin, lincomycin, tetracycline, vancomycin, erythromycin ethylsuccinate, amphotericin B, norepinephrine, metaraminol, phenytoin sodium, hydroxyzine hydrochloride, prochlorperazine, promethazine, vitamin B group, vitamin C group, etc. in intravenous infusion; dripping with aminoglycoside antibiotics in the same bottle may reduce the antibacterial activity of both.

This product is a vitamin drug and is a congener of cyanocobalamin B12. It is one of the two active coenzyme forms of vitamin B12 in the body. Vitamin B12 deficiency can cause anemia, nerve damage, and neurological symptoms such as depression, memory loss, and tremors in the limbs.

Relaxes vascular smooth muscle, activates guanylate cyclase by releasing nitric oxide (NO), increases cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP) in smooth muscle cells, thereby relaxing vascular smooth muscle, dilating peripheral arteries and veins, reducing myocardial oxygen consumption, increasing oxygen supply, and relieving angina pectoris.

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