Dopamine Hydrochloride Injection

[Pharmacology and Toxicology] It stimulates the adrenaline receptors of the sympathetic nervous system and the dopamine receptors located in the kidney, mesentery, coronary artery, and cerebral artery. Its effect is dose-dependent. ⑴ In small doses (0, 5-2ug/kg per minute based on body weight), it mainly acts on dopamine receptors, dilates kidney and mesenteric blood vessels, increases renal blood flow and glomerular filtration rate, and increases urine volume and sodium excretion; ⑵ In small to medium doses (2-10ug/kg per minute based on body weight), it can directly stimulate β1 receptors and indirectly promote the release of norepinephrine from storage sites, exerting positive stress on the myocardium, increasing myocardial contractility and stroke volume, and ultimately increasing cardiac output, systolic blood pressure, and possibly pulse pressure, with no change or slight increase in diastolic blood pressure, and often no change in total peripheral resistance, while coronary blood flow and oxygen consumption improve; ⑶ In large doses (greater than 10ug/kg per minute based on body weight), it stimulates α receptors, leading to increased peripheral vascular resistance, renal vasoconstriction, and reduced renal blood flow and urine volume. Due to the increase in cardiac output and peripheral vascular resistance, both systolic and diastolic blood pressure increase. ① It has a much stronger effect on stimulating cardiac β1 receptors and increasing myocardial contractility; ② It can prevent the malignant development of shock caused by ischemia of these organs by increasing blood flow to the kidneys and mesentery. Under the same condition of increasing myocardial contractility, the effects of causing arrhythmias and increasing myocardial oxygen consumption are weaker. In short, dopamine is particularly suitable for shock patients with weakened myocardial contractility, reduced urine output, and blood volume that has been replenished. [Pharmacokinetics] It is ineffective when taken orally. It is widely distributed in the body after intravenous infusion and is not easy to pass through the blood-cerebrospinal fluid barrier. It takes effect within 5 minutes of intravenous injection and lasts for 5-10 minutes. The length of action time is not related to the dosage. It is quickly degraded into inactive compounds in the liver, kidneys and plasma through the action of monoamine oxidase and catechol-O-methyltransferase (COMT) in the body. About 25% of the single dose is metabolized into norepinephrine at the adrenal nerve endings. The half-life is about 2 minutes. Excreted through the kidneys, about 80% is excreted within 24 hours, and the urine is mainly composed of metabolites, with a very small part being the original form.

The chemical name of this product is: 4-(2-aminoethyl)-1,2-benzenediol hydrochloride.

This product is a colorless clear liquid.

It is suitable for shock syndrome caused by myocardial infarction, trauma, endotoxin sepsis, heart surgery, renal failure, congestive heart failure, etc.; shock cannot be corrected after blood volume supplementation, especially shock with oliguria and normal or low peripheral vascular resistance. Because this product can increase cardiac output, it is also used for heart failure that is ineffective with digitalis and diuretics.

Commonly used dose for adults is intravenous injection, starting with 1-5ug/kg per minute according to body weight, and increasing at a rate of 1-4ug/kg per minute within 10 minutes to achieve maximum therapeutic effect. For chronic refractory heart failure, when starting intravenous drip, gradually increase by 0.5-2ug/kg per minute according to body weight. Most patients can take effect at 1-3ug/kg/min. For patients with occlusive vascular lesions, start with intravenous drip at 1ug/kg/min, gradually increase to 5-10ug/kg/min, until 20ug/kg/min, to achieve the most satisfactory effect. For critical cases, first drip at 5ug/kg/min, then increase at 5-10ug/kg/min to 20-50ug/kg/min to achieve a satisfactory effect. Or add 20mg of this product to 200-300ml of 5% glucose injection and drip it intravenously.

Common symptoms include chest pain, dyspnea, palpitations, arrhythmia (especially with large doses), and general weakness; slow heartbeat, headache, nausea and vomiting are rare. Long-term use of large or small doses in patients with peripheral vascular disease may cause pain or coldness in the hands and feet; prolonged contraction of peripheral blood vessels may lead to local necrosis or gangrene; overdose may cause high blood pressure, in which case the drug should be discontinued and alpha-receptor blockers should be given if necessary.

Not yet clear.

Precautions for children: This experiment has not been conducted and there is no reliable reference literature, so it is not clear yet. Precautions for pregnancy and lactation: This experiment has not been conducted and there is no reliable reference literature, so it is not clear yet. Precautions for the elderly: This experiment has not been conducted and there is no reliable reference literature, so it is not clear yet.

⑴ When used in combination with sodium nitroprusside, isoproterenol, and dobutamine, pay attention to changes in cardiac output, which is different from the reaction when this product is used alone. ⑵ When large doses of dopamine are used in combination with α-receptor blockers such as phenoxybenzamine, phentolamine, and tolazoline, the vasodilatory effect of the latter can be antagonized by the peripheral vasoconstriction of this product. ⑶ When used in combination with general anesthetics (especially cyclopropane or halogenated hydrocarbons), the latter can make the myocardium abnormally sensitive to dopamine, causing ventricular arrhythmias. ⑷ When used in combination with β-receptor blockers, it can antagonize the effect of dopamine on the β1 receptors of the heart. ⑸ When used in combination with nitrates, it can weaken the anti-anginal effect of nitrates and the pressor effect of dopamine. ⑹ When used in combination with diuretics, on the one hand, because this product acts on dopamine receptors to dilate renal blood vessels, increase renal blood flow, and increase diuretic effect; on the other hand, this product itself has a direct diuretic effect. ⑺ When used with guanethidine, it can enhance the pressor effect of dopamine, weaken the antihypertensive effect of guanethidine, and lead to hypertension and arrhythmia. ⑻ When used with tricyclic antidepressants, it may increase the cardiovascular effect of dopamine, causing arrhythmia, tachycardia, and hypertension. ⑼ When used with monoamine oxidase inhibitors, it can prolong and enhance the effect of dopamine; it is known that this product is metabolized by monoamine oxidase. For patients who have received monoamine oxidase inhibitors 2-3 weeks before dopamine administration, the initial dose should be reduced to at least 1/10 of the usual dose. ⑽ Simultaneous intravenous injection with phenytoin sodium can produce hypotension and bradycardia. When using dopamine, if phenytoin sodium must be used for anticonvulsant treatment, the two drugs should be considered for alternating use. .

Keep in a light-proof and airtight container.

2ml: 20mg

24 months

Shanghai Harvest Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd.

• Founded in:

  1993-03-23

• Address:

  No. 805, Jinhu Road, China (Shanghai) Pilot Free Trade Zone

• Tax NO.:

  91310000607229530G

• Registered Funds:

  $10 million

• Website:

  Log in to view

• Email:

  Log in to view