Sorbitol

• CAS No:

50-70-4

• Formula:

C6H14O6

• Chemical Name:

Sorbitol

Description

It is white and odorless crystalline powder with sweet taste and being hygroscopic. It can be dissolved in water (235g/100g water, 25 °C), glycerin, and propylene glycol; and is slightly soluble in methanol, ethanol, acetic acid, and phenol and acetamide solution but almost insoluble in most other organic solvents. d-Sorbitol has a sweet taste. In comparison to sucrose, the relative sweetness of sorbitol is approximately 50%. Sorbitol can exist in any of several crystalline forms with melting.

Sorbitol is an odorless colorless solid. Sinks and mixes with water. (USCG, 1999)|DryPowder; DryPowder, Liquid; DryPowder, WetSolid; Liquid; OtherSolid|White hygroscopic powder, crystalline powder, flakes or granules.|Liquid|WHITE HYGROSCOPIC SOLID IN VARIOUS FORMS.

Sorbitol is an odorless colorless solid. Sinks and mixes with water. (USCG, 1999)|D-glucitol is the D-enantiomer of glucitol (also known as D-sorbitol). It has a role as a sweetening agent, a laxative, a metabolite, a cathartic, a human metabolite, a food humectant, a Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite, an Escherichia coli metabolite and a mouse metabolite. It is an enantiomer of a L-glucitol.|A polyhydric alcohol with about half the sweetness of sucrose. Sorbitol occurs naturally and is also produced synthetically from glucose. It was formerly used as a diuretic and may still be used as a laxative and in irrigating solutions for some surgical procedures.|Sorbitol is a sugar alcohol found in fruits and plants with diuretic, laxative and cathartic property. Unabsorbed sorbitol retains water in the large intestine through osmotic pressure thereby stimulating peristalsis of the intestine and exerting its diuretic, laxative and cathartic effect. In addition, sorbitol has one-third fewer calories and 60 % the sweetening activity of sucrose and is used as a sugar replacement in diabetes.|A polyhydric alcohol with about half the sweetness of sucrose. Sorbitol occurs naturally and is also produced synthetically from glucose. It was formerly used as a diuretic and may still be used as a laxative and in irrigating solutions for some surgical procedures. It is also used in many manufacturing processes, as a pharmaceutical aid, and in several research applications.

Sorbitol Basic Attributes

Molecular Weight ：182.17200

Exact Mass ：182.17

EC Number ：619-324-4

Characteristics

PSA ：121.38000

XLogP3 ：-2.2

Appearance ：Transparent to light yellow syrup like liquid

Density ：1.489 g/cm3 @ Temp: 20 °C

Melting Point ：110-112 °C

Boiling Point ：295 °C @ Press: 3.5 Torr

Flash Point ：292.5ºC

Refractive Index ：1.597

Water Solubility ：Solubility in water, g/100ml at 20°C: 220

Storage Conditions ：Store in cool place. Keep container tightly closed in a dry and well-ventilated place.

Vapor Pressure ：<0.1 mm Hg ( 25 °C)

Toxicity ：LD50 orally in Rabbit: 15900 mg/kg

Specific rotation ：Specific optical rotation: -2.0 deg at 20 °C/D (water)

Explosive limit ：Finely dispersed particles form explosive mixtures

Odor ：Odorless

Taste ：Sweet taste, approx 60% as sweet as sugar (wt/wt)

PH ：pH: about 7.0

PKA ：13.6None

Henrys Law Constant ：Henry's Law constant = 7.3X10-13 atm-cu m/mol at 25 °C (est)

Dissociation Constants ：13.6|pKa: 13.6 at 17.5 °C|pKa = 13.57

Collision Cross Section ：142.5 Ų [M+Na]+ [CCS Type: DT, Method: single field calibrated with Agilent tune mix (Agilent)]|129.64 Ų [M-H]- [CCS Type: DT, Method: single field calibrated with Agilent tune mix (Agilent)]|142.9 Ų [M+Na]+ [CCS Type: DT, Method: single field calibrated with ESI Low Concentration Tuning Mix (Agilent)]|131.4 Ų [M-H]- [CCS Type: DT, Method: single field calibrated with ESI Low Concentration Tuning Mix (Agilent)]|147.2 Ų [M+H]+ [CCS Type: DT, Method: stepped-field]|139.4 Ų [M+Na]+ [CCS Type: DT, Method: stepped-field]|131.9 Ų [M-H]-

Experimental Properties ：Hydrated crystals melt somewhat below 100 °C; in healthy human organism 1 g of sorbitol yields 3.994 calories ...|Commercial 70% aq soln: Density: 1.2879 at 20 °C/20 °C; Index of refraction: 1.45831 at 25 °C/D; Specific optical rotation: -2.10 deg at 20 °C/D; BP: 105 °C at 760 mm Hg; pH: 6-7; Viscosity at 25 °C: 110 centipoises (cP)|HYGROSCOPICITY: MEDIUM-LOW; SOLVENCY (FOR OILS): POOR; HIGH TEMP RESISTANCE: STABLE|High % sorbitol solutions are much more viscous than corresponding glycerol solutions|Hydroxyl radical reaction rate constant = 5.0X10-11 cu cm/molec-sec at 25 °C (est)

Air and Water Reactions ：Water soluble.

Reactive Group ：Alcohols and Polyols

Reactivity Profile ：SORBITOL is an alcohol. Flammable and/or toxic gases are generated by the combination of alcohols with alkali metals, nitrides, and strong reducing agents. They react with oxoacids and carboxylic acids to form esters plus water. Oxidizing agents convert them to aldehydes or ketones. Alcohols exhibit both weak acid and weak base behavior. They may initiate the polymerization of isocyanates and epoxides.

Heat of Combustion ：-3025.5 kJ.mol

Sorbitol Use

Sweetening agent and humectant It is used as food moisture regulator, flavor preservative, antioxidant, cosmetic raw material, cigarette, toothpaste moisturizer, vitamin C, adhesive raw material and diuretic and choleretic. It is used for the preparation of injections, large infusions and oral granules, and food grade for chewing gum and sugar-free candies. Used as biochemical reagents, thickeners and hardeners, and also used in resin and plastic synthesis.