99% pure Artemisinin extract Artemisinin API

Artemisinin More Info

Artemisinin is a sesquiterpene lactone compound containing a unique peroxide bridge, which was first isolated from the sweet wormwood plant, Artemisia annua. Its CAS Registry Number is 63968-64-9. This distinctive endoperoxide 1,2,4-trioxane ring structure within its molecule is absolutely essential for its potent antimalarial activity and is not found in any other class of antimalarial drugs. The compound is a white, crystalline solid that is soluble in most organic solvents but has very low solubility in water and oil.

The mechanism of action of artemisinin is triggered by the iron-rich environment of the malaria parasite. Inside the infected red blood cell, the parasite degrades hemoglobin, releasing free heme iron. This iron cleaves the labile endoperoxide bridge of artemisinin, generating highly reactive free radicals and other oxidative species. These reactive intermediates then alkylate and damage specific parasite proteins and membranes, leading to rapid and potent killing of the parasite, especially during its early blood stage of development.

The primary and life-saving clinical application of artemisinin and its derivatives is in the treatment of malaria, particularly Plasmodium falciparum malaria, which is the most deadly form. To combat drug resistance, artemisinin is never used alone; it is the core component of Artemisinin-based Combination Therapies (ACTs). In an ACT, a fast-acting artemisinin derivative rapidly reduces the parasite burden, while a longer-acting partner drug clears the remaining parasites, thereby improving efficacy and delaying the emergence of resistance.

Artemisinin is administered via its semi-synthetic derivatives, which are designed to improve solubility and bioavailability. The main derivatives include artesunate (water-soluble, for intravenous and intramuscular injection in severe malaria), artemether (lipid-soluble, for oral and intramuscular use), and dihydroartemisinin (the active metabolite of all derivatives). These compounds are formulated into oral tablets, injectables, and suppositories to meet different treatment needs across various healthcare settings.

The safety profile of artemisinin and its derivatives is generally favorable, especially when weighed against the high mortality of untreated malaria. Common adverse effects are typically mild and may include nausea, vomiting, dizziness, and transient neutropenia. A notable concern is neurotoxicity observed in high-dose animal studies, but this has not been a significant issue in humans at therapeutic doses for the short treatment courses used for malaria. However, the World Health Organization strongly discourages the use of oral artemisinin monotherapies and non-pharmaceutical forms to prevent the development and spread of drug-resistant parasites, which poses a major global health threat.

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We can send you a samll free sample, and you only need to pay for the shipping cost.

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For ready stock samples, they are usually shipped within 3 working days after payment received.
For non-ready stock, please contact HyperChem sales team to negotiate.

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