4-Chlorotoluene

126.58

126.58

1903635

203-397-0

Q8R236H42N

1386

404114

2238

DTXSID8024814

Colorless liquid

29036990

0

3.33

Clear Liquid

1.0697 g/cm³ @ Temp: 20 °C

7.5 °C

162.4 °C

121 °F

n 20/D 1.52(lit.)

H2O: <0.1 g/100 mL at 20 ºC

0-6°C

10 mm Hg ( 45 °C)

4.38 (vs air)

Oral-Rat LD50: 2100 mg/kg; Oral-Mouse LD50: 1900 mg/kg

Open flame, heat, oxidants are combustible; burning emits toxic chloride fumes

0.7-12.2%(V)

Freezing point 7.20 °C @ 99.7 mole-% purity|Congealing point: 6.8 °C; lb/gal 8.85|Oxygen indexes (Minimum percentage of oxygen in an oxygen-nitrogen atm required to sustain combustion after ignition) for the chlorotoluene isomers are ... para 19.1. /Flame retardants/|At moderate temp and pressures the monochlorotoluenes are stable to the action of steam, alkalies, amines, and hydrochloric and phosphoric acids. Reactions can be divided into three classes: reactions of the aromatic ring; reactions of the methyl group; and reactions involving the chlorine substituent.|For more Other Experimental Properties (Complete) data for 4-CHLOROTOLUENE (9 total), please visit the HSDB record page.

595 °C

-3754 kJ/mol @ 18.8 °C

42.475 kJ/mol

Critical temperature = 385.7 °C

III

3

UN 2238 3/PG 3

2

20-51/53-39/23/24/25-23/24/25-11-10-43

24/25-61-45-36/37-16-7

XS9010000

Xn,N,T,F

The warehouse is ventilated, low temperature and dry; lightly loaded and unloaded, stored separately from oxidants and acids

Harmful

Stable. Combustible. Incompatible with strong oxidizing agents.

P273-P280

H226-H317-H332-H411

SRP: At the time of review, criteria for land treatment or burial (sanitary landfill) disposal practices are subject to significant revision. Prior to implementing land disposal of waste residue (including waste sludge), consult with environmental regulatory agencies for guidance on acceptable disposal practices.

Acids, alkalis, oxidizers, reducing materials, water.

UN 2238

Flammable. Gives off irritating or toxic fumes (or gases) in a fire. Above 49 °C explosive vapour/air mixtures may be formed.

|Danger|H226 (47.27%): Flammable liquid and vapor [Warning Flammable liquids]|P210, P233, P240, P241, P242, P243, P261, P271, P272, P273, P280, P302+P352, P303+P361+P353, P304+P312, P304+P340, P311, P312, P321, P333+P313, P363, P370+P378, P391, P403+P233, P403+P235, P405, and P501|Aggregated GHS information provided by 110 companies from 11 notifications to the ECHA C&L Inventory. Each notification may be associated with multiple companies.|Warning|H332: Harmful if inhaled [Warning Acute toxicity, inhalation]|P261, P271, P273, P304+P312, P304+P340, P312, P391, and P501|H226: Flammable liquid and vapor [Warning Flammable liquids]|P201, P202, P210, P233, P240, P241, P242, P243, P261, P264, P271, P272, P280, P281, P302+P352, P303+P361+P353, P304+P312, P304+P340, P305+P351+P338, P308+P313, P312, P321, P333+P313, P337+P313, P363, P370+P378, P403+P235, P405, and P501

Personnel protection: ... Wear appropriate chemical protective gloves, boots and goggles. /Chlorotoluenes/

SLIGHT, WHEN EXPOSED TO HEAT OR FLAME.

Explosive limits , vol% in air: 0.7-12.2

If material on fire or involved in fire: Do not extinguish fire unless flow can be stopped or safely confined. Use water in flooding quantities as fog. Solid streams of water may spread fire. Cool all affected containers with flooding quantities of water. Apply water from as far a distance as possible. Use foam, dry chemical, or carbon dioxide. /Chlorotoluenes/

AVOID PROLONGED BREATHING OF VAPOR. USE WITH ADEQUATE VENTILATION.|If material not on fire and not involved in fire: Keep sparks, flames, and other sources of ignition away. Keep material out of water sources and sewers. Build dikes to contain flow as necessary. Use water spray to knock-down vapors. /Chlorotoluenes/|Personnel protection: Avoid breathing vapors. Keep upwind. ... Do not handle broken packages unless wearing appropriate personal protective equipment. Wash away any material which may have contacted the body with copious amounts of water or soap and water. /Chlorotoluenes/

/GUIDE 129: FLAMMABLE LIQUIDS (POLAR/WATER-MISCIBLE/NOXIOUS)/ Fire or Explosion: HIGHLY FLAMMABLE: Will be easily ignited by heat, sparks or flames. Vapors may form explosive mixtures with air. Vapors may travel to source of ignition and flash back. Most vapors are heavier than air. They will spread along ground and collect in low confined areas (sewers, basements, tanks). Vapor explosion hazard indoors, outdoors or in sewers. Those substances designated with "P" may polymerize explosively when heated or involved in a fire. Runoff to sewer may create fire or explosion hazard. Containers may explode when heated. Many liquids are lighter than water. /Chlorotoluenes/|/GUIDE 129: FLAMMABLE LIQUIDS (POLAR/WATER-MISCIBLE/NOXIOUS)/ Health: May cause toxic effects if inhaled or absorbed through skin. Inhalation or contact with material may irritate or burn skin and eyes. Fire will produce irritating, corrosive and/or toxic gases. Vapors may cause dizziness or suffocation. Runoff from fire control or dilution water may cause pollution. /Chlorotoluenes/|/GUIDE 129: FLAMMABLE LIQUIDS (POLAR/WATER-MISCIBLE/NOXIOUS)/ Public Safety: CALL Emergency Response Telephone Number ... . As an immediate precautionary measure, isolate spill or leak area for at least 50 meters (150 feet) in all directions. Keep unauthorized personnel away. Stay upwind. Keep out of low areas. Ventilate closed spaces before entering. /Chlorotoluenes/|/GUIDE 129: FLAMMABLE LIQUIDS (POLAR/WATER-MISCIBLE/NOXIOUS)/ Protective Clothing: Wear positive pressure self-contained breathing apparatus (SCBA). Structural firefighters' protective clothing will only provide limited protection. /Chlorotoluenes/|For more DOT Emergency Guidelines (Complete) data for 4-CHLOROTOLUENE (8 total), please visit the HSDB record page.

No person may /transport,/ offer or accept a hazardous material for transportation in commerce unless that person is registered in conformance ... and the hazardous material is properly classed, described, packaged, marked, labeled, and in condition for shipment as required or authorized by ... /the hazardous materials regulations (49 CFR 171-177)./|The International Air Transport Association (IATA) Dangerous Goods Regulations are published by the IATA Dangerous Goods Board pursuant to IATA Resolutions 618 and 619 and constitute a manual of industry carrier regulations to be followed by all IATA Member airlines when transporting hazardous materials.|The International Maritime Dangerous Goods Code lays down basic principles for transporting hazardous chemicals. Detailed recommendations for individual substances and a number of recommendations for good practice are included in the classes dealing with such substances. A general index of technical names has also been compiled. This index should always be consulted when attempting to locate the appropriate procedures to be used when shipping any substance or article.

... strong irritant

Personal protection: filter respirator for organic gases and vapours adapted to the airborne concentration of the substance. Ventilation. Remove all ignition sources. Collect leaking and spilled liquid in sealable containers as far as possible. Absorb remaining liquid in sand or inert absorbent. Then store and dispose of according to local regulations. Do NOT wash away into sewer.

Fireproof. Separated from strong oxidants.

If this liquid is swallowed, aspiration into the lungs may result in chemical pneumonitis.

The substance defats the skin, which may cause dryness or cracking.

NO open flames, NO sparks and NO smoking. Above 49 °C use a closed system, ventilation and explosion-proof electrical equipment.

Use ventilation, local exhaust or breathing protection.

Protective gloves. Protective clothing.

Wear safety spectacles.

This action promulgates standards of performance for equipment leaks of Volatile Organic Compounds (VOC) in the Synthetic Organic Chemical Manufacturing Industry (SOCMI). These standards implement Section 111 of the Clean Air Act and are based on the Administrator's determination that emissions from the SOCMI cause, or contribute significantly to, air pollution which may reasonably be anticipated to endanger public health or welfare. The intended effect of these standards is to require all newly constructed, modified, and reconstructed SOCMI process units to use the best demonstrated system of continuous emission reduction for equipment leaks of VOC, considering costs, non air quality health and environmental impact and energy requirements. p-Chlorotoluene is produced, as an intermediate or final product, by process units covered under this subpart. These standards of performance become effective upon promulgation but apply to affected facilities for which construction or modification commenced after January 5, 1981.

The major hazards encountered in the use and handling of 4-chlorotoluene stem from its toxicologic properties, and flammability. Exposure may occur at sites where 4-chlorotoluene is manufactured or used as a solvent, disinfectant, or as an intermediate for organic chemicals and dyes. This colorless liquid may exert its strong irritant properties upon dermal contact or inhalation. Avoid breathing vapor. This may necessitate wearing a full-face mask self-contained breathing apparatus. Boots, and protective gloves are recommended; particularly when handling broken packages of this substance. Wash away any material which may have contacted the body with copious amounts of water. While this substance must be moderately heated before ignition occurs (flash point 140 °F, open cup), 4-chlorotoluene is nevertheless considered a combustion hazard. For fires involving 4-chlorotoluene, extinguish with "alcohol foam", CO2, dry chemical, or water in flooding quantities as fog (solid streams may be inefective). Flooding quantities of water also should be applied, from as far a distance as possible, to cool affected containers. This substance should be stored away from sparks, flames, and other sources of ignition. Shipping regulations and other DOT regulatory requirements should be consulted before transport. For small spills of 4-chlorotoluene, take up with sand or other noncombustible absorbent and place into containers for later disposal. For large spills, dike to prevent 4-chlorotoluene from entering water sources and sewers. Use water spray to knock down vapor. Before implementing land disposal of waste residue (including waste sludge) consult with environmental regulatory agencies for guidance.

Identified in chlorinated leachate from a simulated landfill lysimeter used to study codisposal of metal plating sludge with municipal solid waste(1). Identified as a principal organic hazardous constituent (POHC) in the emissions from an incinerator test burn(2). 4-Chlorotoluene was detected in the volatile organic fraction from compost samples from eight solid waste composting facilities with a maximum concentration of 240 ug/cu m(3). 4-Chlorotoluene was detected in 5 of 5 hazardous waste sites in New Jersey at concentrations ranging from 0.04-0.71 ppbv; 4-chlorotoluene was detected in the volatile organic emissions of a sanitary landfill which received only non-hazardous industrial and municipal waste at an average concentration of 0.03 ppbv(4). Thermal decomposition of vinylidene chloride polymers (food wrapping film) resulted in the formation of 4-chlorotoluene at an average concentration of 11.2 ug/g(5). 4-Chlorotoluene was detected in the leachate of fabric used for the manufacture of collapsible potable water storage tanks at 0.3 ug/l following exposure to low pH conditions(6).

July-Aug 1981: Newark, NJ, 38 samples, 95% pos, mean concn 0.21 ppb; Elizabeth, NJ, 37 samples, 97% pos, mean concn 0.25 ppb; Camden, NJ, 35 samples, 97% pos, mean concn 0.22 ppb(1). Jan-Feb 1982, Newark, NJ, 28 samples, 96% pos, mean concn 0.17 ppb; Elizabeth, NJ, 38 samples, 92% pos, mean concn 0.14 ppb; Camden, NJ, 37 samples, 78% pos, mean concn 0.07 ppb(1). During 1983-84, detected in air samples collected at 6 hazardous waste sites in NJ, mean concn range <0.03-0.70 ppb, and one sanitary landfill in NJ, mean concn 0.04 ppb(2). Chlorotoluene isomers (o-, m-, and p-): Love Canal in Niagara Falls, NY, 15 samples, 80% pos, concn range trace-12,274 ng/cu m(3); Love Canal, 10 samples, 50% pos, concn range <0.010-1.64 ng/cu m(4); Baton Rouge, LA, 11 samples, 9% pos, 35 ng/cu m(3).|Human air pollution inhalation season ploy cyclic aromatic hydro carbon mutagenesis sulfate space heating motor vehicle exhaust.

At the request of the International Maritime Organization, acute toxicity testing was performed for 43 substances, for which insufficient or no data had been available for hazard rating concerning damage to marine living resources.

moderately toxic

A standard battery of toxicological tests showed that the title compound (an intermediate in the synthesis of drugs, dyes, pesticides and other products) is narcotic and pneumotoxic (it produces bronchitis, pneumonia, oedema and haemorrhage on inhalation at lethal concentrations). The compound penetrates the skin. In quantitative terms, it is of low toxicity, but its effects are strongly cumulative. On the basis of these results and the properties of the similar compound a,a,a-trifluorotoluene, a MAC of 20 mg/cu m is proposed. Addition of the chlorine atom to the benzene ring of trifluorotoluene apparently increases the toxicity and cumulative properties of the compound. a,a,a-trifluoro-4-chlorotoluene is also known as l-chloro-4-trifluoromethylbenzene.

4-Chlorotoluene's production and use as a solvent and intermediate in the synthesis of organic chemicals, dyes(5), pharmaceuticals, and synthetic rubber chemicals(3) may result in its release to the environment through various waste streams(SRC). 4-Chlorotoluene may be formed in the environment as a photodegradation product of 4-chlorobenzyl chloride(4), an intermediate used in the manufacture of pharmaceuticals, dyes and other organic chemicals(1,2,SRC).

TERRESTRIAL FATE: Based on a recommended classification scheme(1), an estimated Koc value of 340(SRC), determined from a measured water solubility(2) and a recommended regression-derived equation(3), indicates that 4-chlorotoluene will have moderate mobility in soil(SRC). Volatilization of 4-chlorotoluene may be important from moist soil surfaces(SRC) given an estimated Henry's Law constant of 4.4X10-3 atm-cu m/mole(SRC), determined from experimental values for vapor pressure(4) and water solubility(2), and from dry soil surfaces(SRC) based on an experimental vapor pressure of 2.79 mm Hg(SRC), determined from experimentally-derived coefficients(4). Based on limited data, 4-chlorotoluene may biodegrade aerobically in soil under some conditions(SRC). 4-Chlorotoluene at 20 mg/l, was 44% and 64% biodegraded in three days using a river water and a seawater inoculum, respectively(5). However, at 100 ppm, 4-chlorotoluene showed only 0(6)-<30%(7) biodegradation in 14 days using an activated sludge inoculum. An isolated strain of Pseudomonas putida 39/D, oxidized 4-chlorotoluene to (+)-cis-4-chloro-2,3-dihydroxy-1-methylcyclohexa-4,6-diene(8); 4-chlorotoluene is metabolized via cis-dihydrodiol(9).|AQUATIC FATE: Based on a recommended classification scheme(1), an estimated Koc value of 340(SRC), determined from a measured water solubility(2) and a recommended regression-derived equation(1), indicates that 4-chlorotoluene may adsorb to suspended solids and sediment in the water(SRC). Based on limited data, 4-chlorotoluene may biodegrade aerobically in water under some conditions(SRC). 4-Chlorotoluene at 20 mg/l, was 44% and 64% biodegraded in three days using a river water and a seawater inoculum, respectively(3). However, at 100 ppm, 4-chlorotoluene showed only 0(4)-<30%(5) biodegradation in 14 days using an activated sludge inoculum. An isolated strain of Pseudomonas putida 39/D, oxidized p-chlorotoluene to (+)-cis-4-chloro-2,3-dihydroxy-1-methylcyclohexa-4,6-diene(6); p-chlorotoluene is metabolized via cis-dihydrodiol(7). 4-Chlorotoluene should volatilize from water surfaces based on an estimated Henry's Law constant of 4.4X10-3 atm-cu m/mole(SRC), calculated from experimental values for vapor pressure(8) and water solubility(2). Estimated half-lives for a model river and model lake are 4 hours and 5 days, respectively(1,SRC). BCF values from 14 to 101.6(4), measured in carp, indicate that 4-chlorotoluene may moderately bioconcentrate in aquatic organisms(SRC), according to a recommended classification scheme(9). Based on monitoring data from the River Rhine, the half-life of 4-chlorotoluene in a river 4-5 m deep during mid-summer was estimated to be 1.2 days(10).|ATMOSPHERIC FATE: According to a model of gas/particle partitioning of semivolatile organic compounds in the atmosphere(1), 4-chlorotoluene, which has a measured vapor pressure of 2.79 mm Hg at 25 °C(2), determined from experimentally-derived coefficients, should exist solely as a vapor in the ambient atmosphere. Vapor-phase 4-chlorotoluene is degraded in the atmosphere by reaction with photochemically produced hydroxyl radicals(SRC); the half-life for this reaction in air is estimated to be about 9 days(3,SRC).

4-Chlorotoluene is inert to chemical hydrolysis under environmental conditions(1). Reaction of 4-chlorotoluene with free-radical oxidants found in natural waters is not an environmentally important fate process(1,2). When exposed to UV light at wavelengths about 300 nm, 4-chlorotoluene, in deaerated methanol solution, underwent 2.9% degradation in 48 hours(3). Under the same conditions with acetone added as a photosensitizer, 4-chlorotoluene underwent 54.5% degradation in 9 hours(3). Of the 4-chlorotoluene degraded in this latter study, 52% was converted into toluene(3). The rate constant for the vapor-phase reaction of 4-chlorotoluene with photochemically produced hydroxyl radicals has been estimated as 1.8X10-12 cu cm/molecule-sec at 25 °C(SRC) using a structure estimation method(4,SRC). This corresponds to an atmospheric half-life of about 9 days at an atmospheric concentration of 5X10+5 hydroxyl radicals per cu cm(4,SRC).

57.54|Carp exposed to 4-chlorotoluene at 0.03 and 0.3 mg/L had measured BCF values of 14-101.6 and 21.9-76.5, respectively(1). An estimated BCF value of 200 was calculated for 4-chlorotoluene(SRC), using a measured log Kow of 3.33(2) and a recommended regression-derived equation(3). According to a recommended classification scheme(4), these BCF values suggest that some bioconcentration in aquatic organisms will occur(SRC).

The Koc of 4-chlorotoluene is estimated as approximately 340(SRC), using an experimental water solubility of 106 mg/l at 20 °C(1,SRC) and a regression-derived equation(2,SRC). According to a recommended classification scheme(3), this estimated Koc value suggests that 4-chlorotoluene will have moderate mobility in soil(SRC).

The Henry's Law constant for 4-chlorotoluene is estimated as 4.4X10-3 atm-cu m/mole(SRC) from its experimental values for vapor pressure, 2.79 mm Hg(1), and water solubility, 106 mg/l(2). This value indicates that 4-chlorotoluene will volatilize from water surfaces(3,SRC). Based on this Henry's Law constant, the volatilization half-life from a model river (1 m deep, flowing 1 m/sec, wind velocity of 3 m/sec) is estimated as approximately 4 hours(3,SRC). The volatilization half-life from a model lake (1 m deep, flowing 0.05 m/sec, wind velocity of 0.5 m/sec) is estimated as approximately 5 days(3,SRC). 4-Chlorotoluene's calculated Henry's Law constant(1,2,SRC) indicate that volatilization from moist soil surfaces is likely(SRC).

DRINKING WATER: 1975 National Organics Reconnaissance Survey (NORS) 10 city survey, identified in finished drinking water from 1 out of 10 cities - Miami, FL, 1.5 ug/l(1).|GROUNDWATER: As of June 1984, analyzed for, but not found in 1174 community wells and 617 private wells in Wisconsin, detection limit 1.0-5.0 ug/l(1). During 1981-1982, analyzed for but not found in 945 wells scattered throughout the USA (detection limit 0.2-0.5 ug/l)(2).|SURFACE WATER: 1976, River Maas at Eysden (The Netherlands), median concn 0.1 ug/l, concn range from not detected-0.3 ug/l(1). 1976, River Maas at Keizersveer (The Netherlands), median concn 0.1 ug/l, concn range not detected-0.2 ug/l(1). July 1979, River Rhine at Lobith (The Netherlands), 0.03 ug/l(2). 4-Chlorotoluene was detected in unreported concentrations in the Niagara River, Lake Ontario(3).

4-Chlorotoluene was detected in 6 of 234 food items at an average concentration of 7.9 ppb; the highest concentrations of this compound were found in cake doughnuts(1).

The most probable route of human exposure to p-chlorotoluene is inhalation of contaminated air(1,2,SRC). Segments of the general population may also be exposed to p-chlorotoluene by ingestion of contaminated drinking water(2,3,SRC). Workers involved in the manufacture, use, packaging, or transport of this compound may be exposed by inhalation and/or dermal contact(4,SRC).

P-CHLOROTOLUENE GIVES P-CHLOROBENZOIC ACID IN RABBIT. /FROM TABLE/|Two products were isolated from a study of the metabolism of p-chlorotoluene by Pseudomonas putida: (+) cis-4-chloro-2,3-dihydroxy-1-methylcyclohex-4,6-diene and 4-chloro-2,3-dihydroxy-1-methylbenzene. The enzymatic dehydrogenation of the former compound to the latter was demonstrated.

0.15 Days

Fresh air, rest.

Remove contaminated clothes. Rinse and then wash skin with water and soap.

First rinse with plenty of water for several minutes (remove contact lenses if easily possible), then refer for medical attention.

4-chlorotoluene

The substance can be absorbed into the body by inhalation.

Dry skin. Redness. Pain.

Redness. Pain.

A typical analysis for 4-chlorotoluene, technical grade, has >98% 4-chlorotoluene, <1% 3-chlorotoluene, <0.5% 2-chlorotoluene, and <0.5% dichlorotoluenes. Pure grade with >99.5% 4-chlorotoluene has <0.2% 3-chlorotoluene, <0.2% 2-chlorotoluene, and <0.1% dichlorotoluenes.

Benzene, 1-chloro-4-methyl-: ACTIVE|DISINFECTANT AGAINST COCCIDIA OOCYSTS WITH LOW TOXICITY TO FOWL. EMULSION CONTAINING 70% P-CHLOROTOLUENE KILLED OOCYSTS COMPLETELY WITHIN 30 MIN @ 100-FOLD DILUTION.|CHLOROTOLUENE IS AN ISOMERIC MIXT PREDOMINANTLY O- & P-MONOCHLOROTOLUENE.|Para-chlorotoluene forms binary azeotropes with various organic compounds incl alcohols, acids, and esters. ... p-chlorotoluene forms stable ionic complexes with antimony pentachloride.|DISINFECTANT AGAINST COCCIDIA OOCYSTS WITH LOW TOXICITY TO FOWL.

GAS CHROMATOGRAPHY USED TO DETERMINE TRACE ORGANIC COMPOUNDS INCLUDING TOLUENES IN THE ATMOSPHERE.|Analyte: Chlorobenzene; Matrix: air; Procedure: Gas chromatography, flame ionization detector; Desorption: 1 ml CS2, stand 30 min; Range: 0.4-10 mg/ samp; Precision: 0.025; Est LOD: 0.01 mg/samp; Interferences: none /Hydrocarbons, halogenated, Chlorobenzene/|EMSLC Method #502.1. Volatile Halogenated Organic Compounds in Water by Purge and Trap Gas Chromatography. Revision 2.0.|EMSLC Method #502.2. Volatile Organic Compounds in Water by Purge and Trap Capillary Column Gas Chromatography with Photoionization and Electrolytic Conductivity Detectors in Series. Revision 2.0. MDL = 0.1-0.2 ug/l.|For more Analytic Laboratory Methods (Complete) data for 4-CHLOROTOLUENE (10 total), please visit the HSDB record page.