Shaanxi summer grain purchase: let farmers 'sell' and 'sell well'

At present, summer harvest and summer sowing in the whole province have basically ended. With the increasing number of new wheat on the market, the work of summer grain acquisition in our province is in full swing. Reporters in Pucheng County, Huayin City and other places interviewed found that this year, the province's summer grain acquisition work has undergone some new changes. On July 1, at the entrance of Shaanxi Grain Farmers Pucheng Reserve Storage Co., Ltd., located in Pucheng County, a large truck was queuing in succession, among which a vehicle from Quanmin Family Farm in Pucheng County was delivering wheat.

"Today, I pulled four trucks of 160 tons of wheat to deliver, all of them Fengde Cunmai No. 5. The purchase price of this variety of wheat is 2.36 yuan per kilogram, which is 4 cents higher than that of ordinary wheat per kilogram." The owner of the family farm, Quan Min, told reporters that he was a resident of Jiaqu Village, Jiaqu Township, Pucheng County. He has managed the family farm for four years, and currently has transferred and managed 1500 mu of land. In the past two years, family farms have made an order farm with an annual income of 377,000 yuan.

Quan Min said that before 2017, family farms had been planting common varieties of wheat. At that time, people grew wheat blindly and did not know how to choose varieties. Sometimes, seven or eight varieties were planted in one plot, and management was not good. The yield per mu was only 300 kg to 400 kg. Later, Shaanxi Food and Agriculture Pucheng Reserve Co., Ltd. and Shaanxi Agricultural Reclamation Dahua Seed Industry Co., Ltd. cooperated to vigorously promote contract agriculture in Pucheng County, and Quanmin Family Farm signed the contract of order agriculture in the first time. In October 2017, the first batch of high-yield and strong-gluten wheat varieties, Fengde Cunmai 5, provided by Shaanxi Agricultural Reclamation Dahua Seed Industry Co., Ltd., took root in more than 1100 acres of Quanmin Family Farm. When harvested in June 2018, the yield per mu reached 550 kilograms, the bulk density reached 780 grams per liter, 40 grams higher than that of common wheat, which was close to the national standard of first-class wheat. Moreover, the purity and yield of this variety were high, and the price per kilogram was 4 cents higher than that of common wheat. Thus, the income of one mu of land increased by about 380 cents.

"In the past, the yield of common wheat was only about 300 kilograms per mu, which was not good for the year and even lost money. Now the development of order agriculture, every time important agriculture, Dahua Seed Industry Co., Ltd. technicians also give us technical guidance. In the past, there were many diseases and insect pests, which were neglected by everyone. Only when there were floods and disasters, did they concentrate on medication. Now they are all prevented and treated in advance, using safe and harmless fungicides. Nowadays, agricultural planting is greener and more environmentally friendly, and the purchase of agricultural materials is relatively concentrated, so the cost has fallen. Farmers make money when it goes up or down. Quan Min said that the next step for family farms is to continue to expand the area and strive for more than 3,000 mu of land in two nearby villages to be planted with this wheat. It is reported that in recent years, our province has supported grain enterprises to develop grain orders and promoted farmers to expand high-quality grain production. In 2017, grain enterprises in the whole province developed high-quality grain orders of 3.25 million mu, and farmers'income increased by nearly 300 million yuan. In 2018 and 2019, the province plans to add 6 million mu of high-quality grain orders every year. Fengde Cunmai No. 5, which allows Quanmin Family Farm to substantially increase profits, was screened and propagated by Shaanxi Agricultural Reclamation Dahua Seed Industry Co., Ltd. On July 11, Meng Xianyu, deputy general manager of the company, told reporters that in 2015, the company wanted to find a strong gluten wheat variety with high yield and good quality, so it collected five high-quality wheat varieties planted in Hebei, Henan, Jiangsu, Anhui and Shaanxi provinces for screening, selected more than a dozen varieties and screened 10 points in Guanzhong. Selection experiments were conducted to observe the local performance of these varieties in Shaanxi. At present, the experiment has been carried out continuously for four years. Finally, Fengde Cunmai No. 5, a strong gluten wheat variety, has been screened out, and the exclusive right to manage the order agriculture of this variety in Shaanxi has been obtained. In order to implement the concept of "Good Grain and Oil Begins with Good Seeds", the company cooperates with seven grain storage depots, namely, Xirui, Dali, Pucheng, Huaxian, Xianyang, Yangling and Fufeng, to extend seeds to growers through storage depots, and to implement the "Five Unification" strategy from planting, harvesting, warehousing, processing to marketing. Provide guidance to farmers from time to time. In 2017, the extension area of Fengde Cunmai No. 5 reached 150,000 mu.

In addition to improving the quality of grain in the breeding of improved varieties, grain storage should not be neglected. In 2017, Shaanxi Grain Agriculture Pucheng Reserve Co., Ltd. began to install intelligent grain depot system, including intelligent access, intelligent storage, intelligent security and other functions, is currently in trial operation stage. Gao Peng, warehouse keeper of No. 5 warehouse of grain depot, told reporters: "There are 12 warehouses in Pucheng Reservoir, with a total warehouse capacity of 54,000 tons. This year, all the newly harvested wheat belongs to Pucheng District, and the indexes of bulk density, water content and imperfect grain are above the intermediate level of the national standard. In the process of acquisition, we strictly control the quality, test the grain quality and hygienic indicators car by car, and clean up the impurities when they are put into storage. During storage, we adopt scientific and environmentally friendly grain storage technologies such as mechanical ventilation and low-dose circulation fumigation to ensure the real quantity, good quality and safe storage of stored grain. The deputy general manager of Shaanxi Food and Agriculture Pucheng Reserve Storage Co., Ltd. Qun Jianhui said: "The period from early June to the end of July is the purchase period of summer grain every year. The rotation of the reserve is 1.3 this year.