Sorbitol monosaccharide is an isomer of mannitol, and its effect is similar to that of mannitol but weaker. After intravenous injection of concentrated solution of this product, except for a small part converted into sugar, most of it is excreted in its original form through the kidney. Due to the formation of blood hypertonicity, it can dehydrate the surrounding tissues and brain parenchyma and be excreted from the urine with the drug, thereby reducing intracranial pressure and eliminating edema. High efficiency appears 2 hours after injection, which obviously makes brain edema gradually calm down, tension disappears, cerebrospinal fluid pressure decreases, is not metabolized in the body, and is rarely reabsorbed in the renal tubules after glomerular filtration, playing an osmotic diuretic role. It has the effect of tissue dehydration, increases plasma colloidal osmotic pressure, causes water in tissues (including eyes, brain, cerebrospinal fluid, etc.) to enter blood vessels, thereby reducing tissue edema, reducing intraocular pressure, intracranial pressure and cerebrospinal fluid capacity.

This product has a broad-spectrum antibacterial effect, especially against aerobic Gram-negative bacteria. It has high antibacterial activity against most bacteria of the Enterobacteriaceae family, penicillin-resistant Neisseria gonorrhoeae, enzyme-producing influenza bacilli and Moraxella, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, etc. It has antibacterial activity against methicillin-sensitive Staphylococcus aureus, and only moderate antibacterial activity against Streptococcus pneumoniae, hemolytic Streptococcus and Enterococcus faecalis. It has good antimicrobial effects on Chlamydia trachomatis, Mycoplasma, and Legionella, and also has antibacterial activity against Mycobacterium tuberculosis and atypical mycobacteria. It has poor antibacterial activity against anaerobic bacteria. Ciprofloxacin is a bactericide that acts on the A subunit of bacterial DNA helicase, inhibits DNA synthesis and replication, and causes bacterial death.

Pharmacological action: This product has a broad-spectrum antibacterial effect, especially high antibacterial activity against aerobic Gram-negative bacilli. It has good antibacterial activity against the following bacteria in vitro: most bacteria of the Enterobacteriaceae family, including Citrobacter, Enterobacter cloacae, Enterobacter aerogenes, Escherichia coli, Klebsiella, Proteus, Salmonella, Shigella, Vibrio, Yersinia, etc. It often has antibacterial activity against multi-drug resistant bacteria. It has high antibacterial activity against penicillin-resistant Neisseria gonorrhoeae, enzyme-producing influenza bacilli and Moraxella. It has antibacterial activity against most strains of Pseudomonas such as Pseudomonas aeruginosa. This product has antibacterial activity against methicillin-sensitive Staphylococcus aureus, and only moderate antibacterial activity against Streptococcus pneumoniae, hemolytic Streptococcus and Enterococcus faecalis. It has good antimicrobial activity against Chlamydia trachomatis, Mycoplasma, Legionella, and also has antibacterial activity against Mycobacterium tuberculosis and atypical mycobacteria. Poor antibacterial activity against anaerobic bacteria. Ciprofloxacin is a bactericide that acts on the A subunit of bacterial DNA helicase, inhibiting DNA synthesis and replication and causing bacterial death. Toxicological studies: Carcinogenicity and mutagenicity: Eight in vitro mutagenicity tests have been conducted on ciprofloxacin, and two of the results were positive (rat hepatocyte DNA repair test and mouse lymphoma cell reverse mutation test). However, the in vivo tests of rat hepatocyte DNA repair test, micronucleus test (mice), and dominant lethal test (mice) were all negative. Long-term in vivo carcinogenicity tests on rats and mice have been completed. After daily oral administration for 2 consecutive years, these animals did not show any carcinogenic and tumorigenic effects of ciprofloxacin. Reproductive toxicity: Reproductive studies using rats and mice taking 6 times the usual daily dose of the drug for humans have not found that ciprofloxacin is harmful to the fetus or causes fertility impairment. When ciprofloxacin is used in rabbits (30 and 100 mg/kg orally), gastrointestinal disorders occur, leading to weight loss and increased abortion in female rabbits. However, no teratogenic effects were observed at both doses. No maternal toxicity, embryotoxicity, or teratogenicity was observed after intravenous administration of up to 20 mg/kg. However, there are no adequate, well-controlled studies in pregnant women. Ciprofloxacin should be used in pregnant women only if the potential benefit outweighs the potential risk to the fetus.

Non-digitalis cardiotonic agent with positive inotropic effect, can increase myocardial contractility, improve myocardial pump function, dilate blood vessels, reduce myocardial oxygen consumption; improve myocardial cell metabolism, protect ischemic and hypoxic myocardium; can improve sinoatrial node P cell function.

This product is a blood volume expander. After intravenous injection, it can increase plasma colloidal osmotic pressure, absorb extravascular water to increase blood volume, increase and maintain blood pressure; improve microcirculation, prevent thrombosis; disaggregate aggregated red blood cells and platelets, reduce blood viscosity; and has an osmotic diuretic effect.

This product is a blood volume expander. After intravenous injection, it can increase plasma colloidal osmotic pressure, absorb extravascular water to increase blood volume, and increase and maintain blood pressure. Its blood volume expansion effect is weaker and shorter than that of dextran 70, but its effect on improving microcirculation is stronger than that of dextran 70. It can disaggregate aggregated red blood cells and platelets, reduce blood viscosity, improve microcirculation, and prevent thrombosis. In addition, it also has an osmotic diuretic effect.

This product is a diamine oxidase inhibitor, which has a significant dilating effect on cerebrovascular and cardiovascular vessels, especially on the vertebral artery system, significantly increasing the blood flow of the heart, brain and peripheral circulation, improving blood circulation, and lowering systemic blood pressure. In addition, it can increase the blood flow of the cochlea and anterior base, thereby eliminating inner ear vertigo, tinnitus and ear closure, and can also increase capillary permeability, promote the absorption of extracellular fluid, and eliminate lymphatic edema; it can counteract the vasoconstriction effect of catecholamines and reduce arterial pressure, and has the effect of inhibiting plasma coagulation and ADP-induced platelet aggregation, can prolong the time of thrombosis in vitro in rats, and has a slight diuretic effect.

This product is a diamine oxidase inhibitor, which has a more obvious dilating effect on cerebrovascular and cardiovascular systems, especially on the vertebral artery system, significantly increasing the blood flow of the heart, brain and peripheral circulation, improving blood circulation, and lowering systemic blood pressure. In addition, it can increase the blood flow of the cochlea and anterior base, thereby eliminating inner ear vertigo, tinnitus and ear closure, and can also increase capillary permeability, promote the absorption of extracellular fluid, and eliminate lymphatic edema; it can counteract the vasoconstrictive effect of catecholamines and lower arterial pressure, and has the effect of inhibiting plasma coagulation and ADP-induced platelet aggregation, can prolong the time of thrombosis in vitro in rats, and has a slight diuretic effect.