Crystal violet

407.97900

407.21300

208-953-6

J4Z741D6O5

757050|3090

DTXSID5020653

C61776

Dark green powder or greenish, glistening pieces with metallic luster|Green powder|Bright blue-violet crystals

32041300

9.49000

0.96 (LogP)

Hexamethyl-p-rosaniline chloride is a green to dark green powder. (NTP, 1992)

1.19 g/cm3 (20ºC)

205-215 °C (decomp)

40ºC

In water, 4,000 mg/L at 25 deg C

Store at RT.

1.02X10-13 mm Hg at 25 deg C (est)

LD50 orally in mice, rats: 1.2, 1.0 g/kg (Hodge)

pKa1 = 5.31; pKa2 = 8.64 (est)

204.6 Ų [M]+ [CCS Type: TW, Method: calibrated with polyalanine and drug standards]

Changes from yellow at pH 0.0 to blue violet at pH 2.0|MW: 373.55; MF: C25H31N3. MP: 175-177 °C. White to very pale lavender crystalline powder. Solubility: water, 0.3 mg/mL, ethelyene glycol monomethyl ether, 5 mg/mL, ethanol 0.6 mg/mL; Lambda max: 261 nm in 0.1 N hydrochloric acid in methanol /Leuco crystal violet/

Insoluble in water.

Salts, Acidic

HEXAMETHYL-P-ROSANILINE CHLORIDE is light sensitive. (NTP, 1992). May react vigorously with strong oxidizing agents. May react exothermically with reducing agents to release gaseous hydrogen.

III

9

UN 3077

3

R22; R41; R45; R50/53

S45-S53-S60-S61

BO9000000

T

Stable. Incompatible with strong oxidizing agents, strong acids. Light-sensitive. Combustible.

P273-P281-P305 + P351 + P338

H226-H319-H351-H411

SRP: The most favorable course of action is to use an alternative chemical product with less inherent propensity for occupational harm/injury/toxicity or environmental contamination. Recycle any unused portion of the material for its approved use or return it to the manufacturer or supplier. Ultimate disposal of the chemical must consider: the material's impact on air quality; potential migration in soil or water; effects on animal and plant life; and conformance with environmental and public health regulations.|Incineration: 1) Dissolve in such combustible solvent as alcohols, etc. Spray the soln into the furnace with afterburner and scrubber. 2) Pour into sodium bicarbonate or a mixture of sand and Na2CO3 /sodium carbonate/ (9:1). After mixing, transfer into a paper carton filled with packing paper. Burn in an open furnace, or more efficiently in the furnace with afterburner and scrubber.

The Food and Drug Administration has determined that gentian violet is not generally recognized as safe for use in animal feed and is a food additive subject to section 409 of the Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act (the act), unless it is intended for use as a new animal drug, in which case it is subject to section 512 of the act. The Food and Drug Administration has determined that gentian violet is not prior sanctioned for any use in animal feed.|The Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has determined that gentian violet is not generally recognized as safe and effective for any veterinary drug use in food animals and is a new animal drug subject to section 512 of the Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act. FDA has determined that gentian violet is not exempted from new animal drug status under the "grandfather" provisions of the Drug Amendments of 1962 (21 U.S.C. 342).|The Food and Drug Administration has determined that gentian violet has not been shown by adequate scientific data to be safe for use in animal feed. Use of gentian violet in animal feed causes the feed to be adulterated and in violation of the Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act (the act), in the absence of a regulation providing for its safe use as a food additive under section 409 of the act, unless it is subject to an effective notice of claimed investigational exemption for a food additive under section 570.17 of this chapter, or unless the substance is intended for use as a new animal drug and is subject to an approved application under section 512 of the act, or an index listing under section 572 of the act, or an effective notice of claimed investigational exemption for a new animal drug under part 511 of this chapter or section 516.125 of this chapter.

A review with references of the safety and efficacy of the anthelmintic drugs, gentian violet and pyrantel pamoate.[ANTHELMINTIC DRUG PRODUCTS FOR OVER-THE-COUNTER HUMAN USE; ESTABLISHMENT OF A MONOGRAPH; FED REGIST 45(176) 59540 (1980)]|Review of the genotoxicity of food, drug and cosmetic colors and other azo tri phenyl methane and xanthene dyes.[COMBES RD, HAVELAND-SMITH RB; A REVIEW OF THE GENO TOXICITY OF FOOD DRUG AND COSMETIC COLORS AND OTHER AZO TRI PHENYL METHANE AND XANTHENE DYES; MUTAT RES 98(2) 101 (1982)]

Flash point data for this compound are not available, however, it is probably combustible. (NTP, 1992)

|Danger|H302: Harmful if swallowed [Warning Acute toxicity, oral]|P201, P202, P264, P270, P273, P280, P281, P301+P312, P305+P351+P338, P308+P313, P310, P330, P391, P405, and P501|H302 (99.81%): Harmful if swallowed [Warning Acute toxicity, oral]|Aggregated GHS information provided by 526 companies from 14 notifications to the ECHA C&L Inventory. Each notification may be associated with multiple companies.|H301: Toxic if swallowed [Danger Acute toxicity, oral]|P201, P202, P260, P264, P270, P280, P281, P301+P310, P305+P351+P338, P308+P313, P314, P321, P330, P337+P313, P405, and P501|Warning|P201, P202, P260, P264, P270, P281, P301+P312, P308+P313, P314, P330, P405, and P501

Fires involving this compound should be controlled using a Halon, carbon dioxide, or dry chemical extinguisher. (NTP, 1992)

SMALL SPILLS AND LEAKAGE: You should dampen the solid spill material with acetone, then transfer the dampened material to a suitable container. Use absorbent paper dampened with acetone to pick up any remaining material. Seal your contaminated clothing and the adsorbent paper in a vapor-tight plastic bag for eventual disposal. Solvent wash all contaminated surfaces with acetone followed by washing with a strong soap and water solution. Do not reenter the contaminate area until the Safety Officer (or other responsible person) has verified that the area has been properly cleaned. STORAGE PRECAUTIONS: You should protect this material from exposure to light, and store it in a refrigerator. (NTP, 1992)

RECOMMENDED RESPIRATOR: Where the neat test chemical is weighed and diluted, wear a NIOSH-approved half face respirator equipped with an organic vapor/acid gas cartridge (specific for organic vapors, HCl, acid gas and SO2) with a dust/mist filter. (NTP, 1992)

In water & buffered water samples crystal violet was decomp & decolorized by photolysis & radiolysis.|1.5 g of water-insoluble poly-n-vinylpyrrolidone adsorbent was added to 15 mL waste water (absorbance 28.4) containing crystal violet at 20 deg, and after agitating the waste water was settled for 2 hr and centrifuged to remove pptd materials.

A 60- year-old male had 1% Gentian Violet accidentally instilled into both his eyes by a medical practitioner /has been reported/. The patient complained of irritation, pain, and diminution of vision.|A human skin irritant.

LD50 Rat oral 420 mg/kg|LD50 Rat ip 17 mg/kg for both young and adult rats.|LD50 Rat intraperitoneal 8900 ug/kg|LD50 Mouse oral 96 mg/kg|LD50 Mouse intraperitoneal 5100 ug/kg

... Timed-pregnant CD rats (minimum 20 per dose group) were dosed by gavage on gestational days 6 through 15 with gentian violet (0.0, 2.5, 5.0 or 10.0 mg/kg/day) with distilled water as vehicle. These dose groups are referred to as gentian violet-0.0, gentian violet-2.5, gentian violet-5.0 and gentian violet-10.0 respectively. Dams were weighed on gestational days 0, 6-15 (prior to daily dosing) and 20 (immediately following sacrifice), and were also observed for clinical signs of toxicity. At sacrifice on gestational day 20, dams were evaluated for body weight, liver weight, gravid uterine weight and status of uterine implantation sites (i.e., implantation sites, resorptions, dead fetuses, live fetuses). Live fetuses were dissected from the uterus and evaluated for live litter size., body weights, sex ratios and gross morphological abnormalities. All live fetuses were examined for visceral malformations employing the Staples' fresh tissue dissection method. Half of the fetuses were decapitated prior to dissection and the heads were fixed in Bouin's solution for free hand sectioning and examination (Wilson's Technique). All fetal carcasses were cleared and stained with Alizarin Red S and examined for skeletal malformations. The maternal mortality rate in the present study was 9.4% (3/32 dams) in the gentian Violet-10.0 group; all other dams from all dose groups survived to terminal sacrifice on gestational day (gd) 20. A significant trend for reduced maternal body weight was found on gestational day 11 and 15 with the value for the gentian violet-10.0 group significantly different from controls on gestational day 11. A significant trend toward reductions in maternal weight gain for the gestation period, treatment period and absolute weight gain (weight gain during gestation minus gravid uterine weight) were found with the values for these three parameters in the gentian violet-10.0 group significantly below those of controls. Weight gain during the treatment period was also significantly reduced in the gentian violet-5.0 group versus controls. Clinical signs of toxicity presented a dose-response pattern, and included the following: weight loss of more than 5 grams in 24 hours, wheezing, lethargy, weakness, diarrhea, lacrimation and rough coat. There were no dose-related differences observed in the following reproductive measures: number of implantation sites per litter; number or percent of resorptions, fetal deaths or non-live (dead plus resorptions) per litter. Among live litters, the number of live fetuses per litter, number or percent males per litter, average fetal body weight, average male or female fetal body weight per litter were also unaffected by treatment. There was a significant trend toward an increased number and percent affected (non-live plus malformed) per litter with dose; the number of litters with affected fetuses was significantly elevated in the gentian violet-10.0 group versus controls. There were no gross malformations observed in any dose group in the study. Major visceral malformations observed included hydronephrosis (left or right) and hydroureter (unilaterally or bilaterally) with some fetuses exhibiting both malformations. Skeletal defects observed consisted mainly of short rib involving the thirteenth rib uni- or bilaterally. When incidence of all malformations were analyzed, there was a significant trend across dose groups toward increased number and percentage of fetuses, males, and females malformed per litter. In pairwise comparisons, the number and percentage of fetuses malformed per litter was significantly elevated in the gentian violet-10.0 group versus controls as was the number of litters with malformed fetuses. In conclusion, gentian violet caused an increase in hydroureter, hydronephrosis and short ribs, the incidence being significant only in the gentian violet-10.0 dose group. These malformations were accompanied by signs of maternal toxicity: reduction in maternal weight on gestational day 11, maternal weight gain during gestation and treatment periods, absolute weight gain and clinical signs. There was no significant incidence of malformations in the lower dose groups, in the absence of maternal toxicity (gentian violet-2.5) or in the presence of limited maternal toxicity (gentian violet-5.0). Hence, the fetal response to gentian violet may be due in part to the compromised status of the dam.|... Artificially inseminated New Zealand White (NZW) rabbits were dosed by gavage on gestational days 6 through 19 with gentian violet (0, 0.5, 1.0 or 2.0 mg/kg/day) with distilled water as vehicle. These dose groups are referred to as gentian violet-0.0, gentian violet-0.5, gentian violet-1.0 and gentian violet-2.0 respectively. Does were weighed on gestational days 0, 6-19 (prior to daily dosing) and 30 (immediately prior to sacrifice), and were also observed for clinical signs of toxicity. At sacrifice on gestational day 30, does were evaluated for body weight, liver weight, gravid uterine weight and status of uterine implantation sites (i.e., implantation sites, resorptions, dead fetuses, live fetuses). ... All live fetuses were examined for visceral malformations employing the Staples' fresh tissue dissection method. Half of the fetuses were decapitated immediately after dissection and the heads were fixed in Bouin's solution for free hand sectioning and examination (Wilson's Technique). All fetal carcasses were cleared and stained with Alizarin Red S and examined for skeletal malformations. The maternal mortality in the present study was 22.6% (7/31 does) in the gentian violet-2.0 group, 15.4% (4/26) in the gentian violet-1.0 group, 7.4% (2/27) in the gentian violet-0.5 group and 0.0 (0/27) in the gentian violet-0.0 group. A significant trend was seen toward reduction in maternal body weight on gestational day 19 (end of dosing), and in maternal weight gain (gestational period and treatment period). For maternal weight gain, all gentian violet-exposed groups were significantly lower than for controls for both treatment and gestation period. Clinical signs, seen in a dose-related manner, included wheezing, diarrhea, congestion, wet nose, dyspnea, lacrimation, and anorexia and cyanosis (the latter two in those does which died). All gentian violet-exposed groups exhibited a significant increase in the number of implantation sites per litter versus controls. Percentage of resorptions per litter and number of litters with resorptions, as well as the percentage of non-live (dead plus resorbed) and affected (nonlive plus malformed) per litter exhibited a dose-related upward trend, but no significant pairwise comparisons. For live litters, the number of fetuses (male and/or female) per litter did not differ among dose groups. Average fetal body weight per litter exhibited a significant downward trend with all dose group values significantly lower than controls. When separated by sex, only female fetal body weight per litter exhibited a significant downward trend and pairwise comparisons. There were no significant dose-related effects on the incidence of gross, visceral or skeletal malformations per litter, nor in the number (or percent) of fetuses, males or females, malformed per litter nor in the number or percent of litters with malformed fetuses. Examination of malformation incidence by category indicated no malformations unique to or with a higher incidence in any of the gentian violet-exposed groups relative to controls. In conclusion, no evidence of teratogenicity of gentian violet was seen when administered by gavage to pregnant New Zealand White rabbits during organogenesis at doses which produced evidence of maternal and fetal mortality and toxicity.

Gentian violet's production and use as a dye for wood, silk, paper, in inks; as a biological stain(1), and as an antiseptic(2) may result in its release to the environment through various waste streams(SRC). Its use as a veterinary drug for the treatment of ornamental fish infected with the parasitic protozoa Ichthyophthirius multifiliis(3) may result in its direct release to the environment(SRC).

TERRESTRIAL FATE: Based on a classification scheme(1), an estimated Koc value of 6.1X10+5(SRC), determined from a structure estimation method(2), indicates that gentian violet is expected to be immobile in soil(SRC). The estimated pKa of gentian violet is 8.64(3), indicating that this compound will exist almost entirely in the cation form in the environment and cations generally adsorb more strongly to soils containing organic carbon and clay than their neutral counterparts(4). Volatilization from moist soil is not expected because the compound exists as an cation and ions do not volatilize. Gentian violet is not expected to volatilize from dry soil surfaces(SRC) based upon an estimated vapor pressure of 1.0X10-13 mm Hg at 25 °C(SRC), determined from a fragment constant method(5). Utilizing a river die-away test, transformation rates of 0.002 to 0.012/hour(6), corresponding to half-lives of 2.4 to 14.4 days(SRC), indicate that biodegradation may be an important environmental fate process in soil(SRC).|AQUATIC FATE: Based on a classification scheme(1), an estimated Koc value of 6.1X10+5, determined from a structure estimation method(2), indicates that gentian violet is expected to adsorb to suspended solids and sediment(SRC). The estimated pKa(3) indicates gentian violet will exist almost entirely in the cation form at pH values of 5 to 9 and therefore volatilization from water surfaces is not expected to be an important fate process. According to a classification scheme(4), an estimated BCF of 3(SRC), from its log Kow of 0.51(5) and a regression-derived equation(6), suggests the potential for bioconcentration in aquatic organisms is low(SRC). Utilizing a river die-away test, transformation rates of 0.002 to 0.012/hour(7), corresponding to half-lives of 2.4 to 14.4 days(SRC), indicate that biodegradation may be an important environmental fate process in water(SRC).|ATMOSPHERIC FATE: According to a model of gas/particle partitioning of semivolatile organic compounds in the atmosphere(1), gentian violet, which has an estimated vapor pressure of 1.0X10-13 mm Hg at 25 °C(SRC), determined from a fragment constant method(2), is expected to exist solely in the particulate phase in the ambient atmosphere. Particulate-phase gentian violet may be removed from the air by wet and dry deposition(SRC). Gentian violet absorbs light at wavelengths of 590 nm(4) and, therefore, may be susceptible to direct photolysis by sunlight(SRC).

Gentian violet is not expected to undergo hydrolysis in the environment due to the lack of functional groups that hydrolyze under environmental conditions(1). Gentian violet absorbs light at a UV max of 590 nm in water(2) indicating a potential for direct photolysis in the environment(SRC). At UV 590 nm, a 98.3% decolorization was observed, with a half-decolorization time of 50 minutes(3). The photoreaction of gentian violet in water is reported to give p-dimethylamino phenol, 4,4'-bis dimethylamino benzophenone, the leuco and demethylated derivative of gentian violet(3).

An estimated BCF of 3 was calculated in fish for gentian violet(SRC), using a log Kow of 0.51(1) and a regression-derived equation(2). According to a classification scheme(3), this BCF suggests the potential for bioconcentration in aquatic organisms is low(SRC).

Using a structure estimation method based on molecular connectivity indices(1), the Koc of gentian violet can be estimated to be 6.1X10+5(SRC). According to a classification scheme(2), this estimated Koc value suggests that gentian violet is expected to be immobile. Gentian violet is a cationic dye(3). The estimated pKa of gentian violet is 8.64(4), indicating that this compound will exist almost entirely in the cation form in the environment and cations generally adsorb more strongly to soils containing organic carbon and clay than their neutral counterparts(5).

An estimated pKa of 8.64(1) indicates gentian violet will exist almost entirely in the cation form at pH values of 5 to 9 and therefore volatilization from water and moist soil surfaces is not expected to be an important fate process. Gentian violet is not expected to volatilize from dry soil surfaces(SRC) based upon an estimated vapor pressure of 1.0X10-13 mm Hg(SRC), determined from a fragment constant method(2).

NIOSH (NOES Survey 1981-1983) has statistically estimated that 76,632 workers (49,319 of these were female) were potentially exposed to gentian violet in the US(1). Occupational exposure to gentian violet may occur through inhalation and dermal contact with this compound at workplaces where gentian violet is produced or used. Use data indicate that the general population may be exposed to gentian violet via dermal contact with consumer products and topical medications containing gentian violet(SRC).

Anti-Infective Agents, Local; Antinematodal Agents; Rosaniline Dyes|Gentian violet has been used in medicine for almost 100 years: as an antiseptic for external use, as an antihelminthic agent by oral administration, and more recently, as a blood additive to prevent transmission of Chagas' disease. ...|THERAPEUTIC CATEGORY: Anti-infective (topical). Has been used as anthelmintic (Nematodes), Blood additive to prevent transmission of Chagas disease by blood transfusion|THERAPEUTIC CATEGORY (VET): Anti-infective (topical); mycostatic agent in poultry feed|For more Therapeutic Uses (Complete) data for Gentian Violet (7 total), please visit the HSDB record page.

Permanent pigmentation of the skin can result from contact of gentian violet with granulation tissue, & the dye should not be applied to ulcerative lesions of the face. The staining properties are a distinct disadvantage.|Oral ulceration developed in 6 neonates who were treated for oral candidiasis with gentian (crystal) violet. A 0.5 or 1% aq soln was used and applications were made twice daily.

4. 4= VERY TOXIC: PROBABLE ORAL LETHAL DOSE (HUMAN) 50-500 MG/KG, BETWEEN 1 TEASPOON & 1 OZ FOR 70 KG PERSON (150 LB).

Substances used on humans and other animals that destroy harmful microorganisms or inhibit their activity. They are distinguished from DISINFECTANTS, which are used on inanimate objects. (See all compounds classified as Anti-Infective Agents, Local.)

Nine male and 9 female Hubbard adult broiler breeders were used to study tissue residues of gentian violet, each bird was given (14)C-gentian violet orally. T/2 of radioactivity from (14)C-gentian violet in blood differed between sexes (1.43 hr and 1.68 hr for males and females, respectively). At 8 hr after administration only 1 bird had detectable amt of radioactivity in muscle. Detectable levels of radioactivity were found in liver at 120 hr after dosing and in kidney at 432 hr after dosing. All eggs collected during 1St 144 hr contained very low but detectable levels of radioactivity.

Gentian violet is shown to undergo a one-electron reduction by the cytochrome P450 monooxygenase system to produce a carbon-centered free radical as demonstrated by direct electron spin resonance techniques.

Pharmaceutical grades of Basic Violet 3 have been purified to reduce the heavy metal salt content below the limits of 10 ppm for arsenic and 30 ppm for lead. Although the term Gentian Violet is used, the structure given is for Basic Violet 3.

EYES: First check the victim for contact lenses and remove if present. Flush victim's eyes with water or normal saline solution for 20 to 30 minutes while simultaneously calling a hospital or poison control center. Do not put any ointments, oils, or medication in the victim's eyes without specific instructions from a physician. IMMEDIATELY transport the victim after flushing eyes to a hospital even if no symptoms (such as redness or irritation) develop. SKIN: IMMEDIATELY flood affected skin with water while removing and isolating all contaminated clothing. Gently wash all affected skin areas thoroughly with soap and water. If symptoms such as redness or irritation develop, IMMEDIATELY call a physician and be prepared to transport the victim to a hospital for treatment. INHALATION: IMMEDIATELY leave the contaminated area; take deep breaths of fresh air. If symptoms (such as wheezing, coughing, shortness of breath, or burning in the mouth, throat, or chest) develop, call a physician and be prepared to transport the victim to a hospital. Provide proper respiratory protection to rescuers entering an unknown atmosphere. Whenever possible, Self-Contained Breathing Apparatus (SCBA) should be used; if not available, use a level of protection greater than or equal to that advised under Protective Clothing. INGESTION: DO NOT INDUCE VOMITING. If the victim is conscious and not convulsing, give 1 or 2 glasses of water to dilute the chemical and IMMEDIATELY call a hospital or poison control center. Be prepared to transport the victim to a hospital if advised by a physician. If the victim is convulsing or unconscious, do not give anything by mouth, ensure that the victim's airway is open and lay the victim on his/her side with the head lower than the body. DO NOT INDUCE VOMITING. IMMEDIATELY transport the victim to a hospital. (NTP, 1992)

/SRP:/ Immediate first aid: Ensure that adequate decontamination has been carried out. If patient is not breathing, start artificial respiration, preferably with a demand valve resuscitator, bag-valve-mask device, or pocket mask, as trained. Perform CPR if necessary. Immediately flush contaminated eyes with gently flowing water. Do not induce vomiting. If vomiting occurs, lean patient forward or place on the left side (head-down position, if possible) to maintain an open airway and prevent aspiration. Keep patient quiet and maintain normal body temperature. Obtain medical attention. /Poisons A and B/|/SRP:/ Basic treatment: Establish a patent airway (oropharyngeal or nasopharyngeal airway, if needed). Suction if necessary. Watch for signs of respiratory insufficiency and assist ventilations if needed. Administer oxygen by nonrebreather mask at 10 to 15 L/min. Monitor for pulmonary edema and treat if necessary ... . Monitor for shock and treat if necessary ... . Anticipate seizures and treat if necessary ... . For eye contamination, flush eyes immediately with water. Irrigate each eye continuously with 0.9% saline (NS) during transport ... . Do not use emetics. For ingestion, rinse mouth and administer 5 mL/kg up to 200 mL of water for dilution if the patient can swallow, has a strong gag reflex, and does not drool ... . Cover skin burns with dry sterile dressings after decontamination ... . /Poisons A and B/|/SRP:/ Advanced treatment: Consider orotracheal or nasotracheal intubation for airway control in the patient who is unconscious, has severe pulmonary edema, or is in severe respiratory distress. Positive-pressure ventilation techniques with a bag valve mask device may be beneficial. Consider drug therapy for pulmonary edema ... . Consider administering a beta agonist such as albuterol for severe bronchospasm ... . Monitor cardiac rhythm and treat arrhythmias as necessary ... . Start IV administration of D5W /SRP: "To keep open", minimal flow rate/. Use 0.9% saline (NS) or lactated Ringer's if signs of hypovolemia are present. For hypotension with signs of hypovolemia, administer fluid cautiously. Watch for signs of fluid overload ... . Treat seizures with diazepam or lorazepam ... . Use proparacaine hydrochloride to assist eye irrigation ... . /Poisons A and B/

/HUMAN EXPOSURE STUDIES/ /Investigators/ patch tested 11 patients with clinical signs of contact sensitivity to therapeutically used triphenylmethane dyes. Seven dyes were used, including Basic Violet 3. The patch tests were applied for 20 to 24 hours and were evaluated for 6 to 7 days. Because the skin was colored by the tested dyes, it was not possible to evaluate the erythematous reaction. Positive test reactions (itching +/-; isolated papules + ; edema, confluent papules, and infiltration ++; or vesicular reaction +++) were observed in 8 of the patients for Basic Violet 3.|/SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS/ Gentian Violet is a weak sensitizer when used as an antiseptic therapeutic dye, except when used on ulcers and eczematized skin. Gentian Violet may produce not only allergic contact dermatitis but also necrosis in the interiginous areas.|/SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS/ ... No serious side effects have been reported when used externally. However, oral administration can cause gastrointestinal irritation, and intravenous injection can cause depression in the white blood cell count. ...|/SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS/ Ingestion of gentian violet causes nausea, vomiting, diarrhea & abdominal pain even in therapeutic doses... severe systemic poisonings have not been reported in man.|For more Human Toxicity Excerpts (Complete) data for Gentian Violet (18 total), please visit the HSDB record page.

C.I. 42555

(1993) 459,000 kg

Commercial product, which is usually admixed with pentamethylpararosaniline chloride and tetramethylpararosaniline chloride, contains not less than 96% gentian violet.|Gentian violet topical soln, USP, contains 1% of the drug in 10% ethanol, & gentian violet cream, USP, contains 1.35% in an absorbable base.

Methanaminium, N-[4-[bis[4-(dimethylamino)phenyl]methylene]-2,5-cyclohexadien-1-ylidene]-N-methyl-, chloride (1:1): ACTIVE|FDA has determined that neither Basic Violet 1 nor Basic Violet 3 is generally recognized as safe for use in animal feed or safe and effective for any veterinary drug use (21CFR500.29 and 21CFR500.30).|FDA has not approved the /use of gentian violet/ antibiotic as a drug in aquacultured food-producing animals|Prior to about 1950 gentian violet was found in most copying or indelible pencils. They were the cause of many serious ocular injuries. Accidents in which small bits of the writing tip became imbedded in the cornea led frequently to necrosis and permanent opacification. In more recent years pencil manufacturers have replaced gentian violet with acidic (anionic) dyes which are not recognized to produce such damage.|Gentian violet added to the culture media served as a selective factor for auxotrophic mutants of Escherichia coli, permitting growth of the auxotrophs but inhibiting that of the nonmutated parent strains. Thus, gentian violet could be useful tool in the isolation of induced mutants, both in commercial & applied situations & in the selection of mutants for fundamental research.

A thin layer chromatography method for the determination of methyl violet in crystal violet (gentian violet) formulations is presented. Rf values for the spots corresponding to the 2 compd are given.|High pressure liquid chromatographic analysis of residues of gentian violet (a toxic and possibly mutagenic compound) in animal feed and wastewater at levels of 1,000 ppm down to 10 ppb and 10 ppb, respectively.

High pressure liquid chromatographic analysis of residues of gentian violet (a toxic and possibly mutagenic compound) in human urine at level of 1 ppb.

Agrochemicals -> Bactericides|Human Drugs -> FDA Approved Drug Products with Therapeutic Equivalence Evaluations (Orange Book) -> Active Ingredients|Veterinary Drug -> VETERINARY_DRUG; -> JECFA Functional Classes

Veterinary Drug -> VETERINARY_DRUG;