Get to Know about Dansyl Chloride Reaction Mechanism

Dansyl chloride reaction mechanism is a chemical reaction of dansyl chloride with substrate. Dansyl chloride is a functional group which has two methylene bridge and carboxylic acid group. Dansyl chloride reacts with enzyme that having amino acid and the carboxylic acid group is on the enzyme, then it will form adduct, this adduct's carbon skeleton is Aliphatic Cation.

1. Dansyl chloride and substrate which contains carboxylic acid group on enzyme will form the adduct

According to the knowledge about Dansyl chloride, Dansyl chloride has carboxylic acid group with two methylene bridge. When dansyl chloride reacts with substrate that have enzyme and amino acid, dansyl chloride can react with amino acid of substrate, then the product of this reaction is a tripeptide and hydroxyl amine. When dansyl chloride reacts with oxygen in water and then form ethylene glycol, then ethylene glycol hydrolyzes into monohydroxy amine. All products will form adduct which has carbon skeleton Aliphatic Cation.

2. Catalysts will react with enzyme to form the adduct

This step is different from step 1, when dansyl chloride reacts with substrate which has amino acid and the carboxylic acid group, dansyl chloride firstly react with the amino group of amino acid, then it can form the adduct by catalytic effect of enzyme, this is the catalytic theory.

3. The adducts will react with oxygen in water to form hydroxy amine

Hydroxy amine will react with oxygen in water, then form methanol, which is a product of this reaction, in methanol will form diethyl ether. This is the catalytic theory.

4 . Methanol will react with water to form alcohols

This step is done by catalyst, methanol and oxygen in water will react together to form ethanol. This is the catalytic theory.

5 . Alcohols will react with catalyst to form salts and ketones

The products of this step are salts, ketones, and alcohols which are made by hydrolysis and polarity of water. Aniline salt is formed because aniline reacts with sulfuric acid which is contained in the catalyst, then aniline forms salt and ethanol which are used as intermediates for other reactions. Acetone is formed during the processes of this step.

6 . Acetone and catalyst will react together to form ketones

Ketones are produced by catalyst and acetone, there are two kinds of ketones produced in this step, one is acylium ion with amino acid and the other one is sulfonium ion with sulfuric oxide.

7. Acetone will react with a catalytic amount of oxygen to form water

This step is done by catalyst, acetone and oxygen in water will react together to form acetone and salt. It is done by catalytic effect.

8 . Sulfuric oxide will react with catalyst to form salt and ethylene glycol

This step is done under the catalytic theory, sulfuric acid reacts with aniline in the catalyst to produce salt and ethylene glycol.

9 . Ethylene glycol will react with catalyst to form molecules of natural products

This Dansyl chloride reaction mechanism makes molecules of natural products are made after ethylene glycol reacts with a large amount of catalyst such as sulfuric acid, then the product is sodium thiosulfate. This step is also done under the catalytic theory.

Uses of Dansyl chloride

1. Dansyl chloride is used as an important ingredient in the synthesis of a broad range of dansyl-based fluorophores and fluorescent probes.

2. The use of dansyl chloride in enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) is very common for detection and quantification of proteins. Dansylation is used to determine the concentration of protein present in solution by measuring absorption intensity at 490 nm when excited with a 360 nm light source.

3. Dansyl chloride was used to investigate the mechanism of active transport in bacteria, because it possesses the property to inhibit active transport processes and then can be detected by UV absorbance at 280 nm.

4. Dansyl chloride is used to study enzyme-catalyzed reactions. It reacts with the amino group of enzymes and then form a highly reactive phosphine, which can be detected by IR spectroscopy.

5. Although dansyl chloride can react with many kinds of substrates, it has special reactivity toward protein substrates, such as enzyme and nucleic acids. Using homogeneous enzymatic assays, the reaction including dansyl chloride and protein substrate has been investigated to understand the mechanism of the enzyme-mediated reaction at molecular level and thus to investigate protein function at molecular level.

conclusions

This research about dansyl chloride reaction mechanism is based on the knowledge about dansyl chloride, Dansyl chloride has two methylene bridges and carboxylic acid group. When dansyl chloride reacts with enzyme that having amino acid and the carboxylic acid group is on the enzyme, then it will form adduct, this adduct's carbon skeleton is Aliphatic Cation.