Propionyl chloride

92.52420

92.52

201-170-0

MB6VL5OMB9

83547

1815

DTXSID4058819

Colorless liquid

29051900

17.07000

1.16180

Propionyl chloride appears as a colorless liquid with a pungent odor. Corrosive and very irritating to skin and eyes. Used to make other chemicals.

1.06

-94 °C

80 °C

11ºC

1.402-1.405

Solubility in water: reaction.;soluble in ether

Flammables area

106 hPa (20 °C)

3.2 (vs air)

LD50 orally in Rabbit: 823 mg/kg

Pungent odor

Vigorously decomposed and dissolved by water or alcohol|Vigorously reacts with water to form propionic acid and hydrochloric acid. Based on a scenario where the chemical is spilled into an excess of water (at least 5 fold excess of water), half of the maximum theoretical yield of hydrogen chloride gas will be created in 0.09 minutes.|Hydroxyl radical reaction rate constant = 5.9X10-13 cu cm/molec-sec at 25 °C (est)

Highly flammable. Vigorously reacts with water to form propionic acid and hydrochloric acid [Merck 11th ed. 1989]. Based on a scenario where the chemical is spilled into an excess of water (at least 5 fold excess of water), half of the maximum theoretical yield of Hydrogen Chloride gas will be created in 0.09 minutes. Experimental details are in the following: "Development of the Table of Initial Isolation and Protective Distances for the 2008 Emergency Response Guidebook", ANL/DIS-09-2, D.F. Brown, H.M. Hartmann, W.A. Freeman, and W.D. Haney, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois, June 2009.

Acyl Halides, Sulfonyl Halides, and Chloroformates

Highly Flammable

Acid halides, such as PROPIONYL CHLORIDE, are water reactive; some are violently reactive. They are incompatible with strong oxidizing agents, alcohols, amines, and alkali. May react vigorously or explosively if mixed with diisopropyl ether or other ethers in the presence of trace amounts of metal salts [J. Haz. Mat., 1981, 4, 291].

Corrosive

II

3

UN 1815

1

R11; R14; R34

S16-S26-S45-S9

UG6657000

C

SRP: The scientific literature for the use of contact lenses by industrial workers is inconsistent. The benefits or detrimental effects of wearing contact lenses depend not only upon the substance, but also on factors including the form of the substance, characteristics and duration of the exposure, the uses of other eye protection equipment, and the hygiene of the lenses. However, there may be individual substances whose irritating or corrosive properties are such that the wearing of contact le

P210-P280-P303 + P361 + P353-P304 + P340 + P310-P305 + P351 + P338-P403 + P233

H225-H302-H314-H331

SRP: Recycle any unused portion of the material for its approved use or return it to the manufacturer or supplier. Ultimate disposal of the chemical must consider: the material's impact on air quality; potential migration in air, soil or water; effects on animal, aquatic and plant life; and conformance with environmental and public health regulations. If it is possible or reasonable use an alternative chemical product with less inherent propensity for occupational harm/injury/toxicity or environmental contamination.|Product: Burn in a chemical incinerator equipped with an afterburner and scrubber but exert extra care in igniting as this material is highly flammable. Offer surplus and non-recyclable solutions to a licensed disposal company. Contact a licensed professional waste disposal service to dispose of this material. Contaminated packaging: Dispose of as unused product.

Exothermic reaction with diisopropyl ether produces much gas. The reaction may be dangerous if confined.|Reacts with water or steam to produce toxic and corrosive fumes.|Can react vigorously with oxidizing materials.|Vigorously dec and dissolved by water or alcohol.|For more Hazardous Reactivities and Incompatibilities (Complete) data for Propionyl chloride (6 total), please visit the HSDB record page.

Excerpt from ERG Guide 132 [Flammable Liquids - Corrosive]: Flammable/combustible material. May be ignited by heat, sparks or flames. Vapors may form explosive mixtures with air. Vapors may travel to source of ignition and flash back. Most vapors are heavier than air. They will spread along ground and collect in low or confined areas (sewers, basements, tanks). Vapor explosion hazard indoors, outdoors or in sewers. Those substances designated with a (P) may polymerize explosively when heated or involved in a fire. Runoff to sewer may create fire or explosion hazard. Containers may explode when heated. Many liquids are lighter than water. (ERG, 2016)|Flammable - 3rd degree, Reactive - 2nd degree

|Danger|H225: Highly Flammable liquid and vapor [Danger Flammable liquids]|P210, P233, P240, P241, P242, P243, P260, P264, P280, P301+P330+P331, P303+P361+P353, P304+P340, P305+P351+P338, P310, P321, P363, P370+P378, P403+P235, P405, and P501|H225 (100%): Highly Flammable liquid and vapor [Danger Flammable liquids]|P210, P233, P240, P241, P242, P243, P260, P261, P264, P270, P271, P280, P301+P312, P301+P330+P331, P303+P361+P353, P304+P340, P305+P351+P338, P310, P311, P321, P330, P363, P370+P378, P403+P233, P403+P235, P405, and P501|Aggregated GHS information provided by 155 companies from 10 notifications to the ECHA C&L Inventory. Each notification may be associated with multiple companies.|P210, P233, P240, P241, P242, P243, P280, P303+P361+P353, P370+P378, P403+P235, and P501

Excerpt from ERG Guide 132 [Flammable Liquids - Corrosive]: As an immediate precautionary measure, isolate spill or leak area for at least 50 meters (150 feet) in all directions. SPILL: See ERG Table 1 - Initial Isolation and Protective Action Distances on the UN/NA 1815 datasheet. FIRE: If tank, rail car or tank truck is involved in a fire, ISOLATE for 800 meters (1/2 mile) in all directions; also, consider initial evacuation for 800 meters (1/2 mile) in all directions. (ERG, 2016)

Excerpt from ERG Guide 132 [Flammable Liquids - Corrosive]: Fully encapsulating, vapor-protective clothing should be worn for spills and leaks with no fire. ELIMINATE all ignition sources (no smoking, flares, sparks or flames in immediate area). All equipment used when handling the product must be grounded. Do not touch or walk through spilled material. Stop leak if you can do it without risk. Prevent entry into waterways, sewers, basements or confined areas. A vapor-suppressing foam may be used to reduce vapors. Absorb with earth, sand or other non-combustible material and transfer to containers (except for Hydrazine). Use clean, non-sparking tools to collect absorbed material. LARGE SPILL: Dike far ahead of liquid spill for later disposal. Water spray may reduce vapor, but may not prevent ignition in closed spaces. (ERG, 2016)

Excerpt from ERG Guide 132 [Flammable Liquids - Corrosive]: Wear positive pressure self-contained breathing apparatus (SCBA). Wear chemical protective clothing that is specifically recommended by the manufacturer. It may provide little or no thermal protection. Structural firefighters' protective clothing provides limited protection in fire situations ONLY; it is not effective in spill situations where direct contact with the substance is possible. (ERG, 2016)|Eye/face protection: Tightly fitting safety goggles. Faceshield (8-inch minimum). Use equipment for eye protection tested and approved under appropriate government standards such as NIOSH (US) or EN 166(EU).|Skin protection: Handle with gloves.|Body Protection: Complete suit protecting against chemicals. Flame retardant antistatic protective clothing. The type of protective equipment must be selected according to the concentration and amount of the dangerous substance at the specific workplace.|Respiratory protection: Where risk assessment shows air-purifying respirators are appropriate use a full-face respirator with multipurpose combination (US) or type ABEK (EN 14387) respirator cartridges as a backup to engineering controls. If the respirator is the sole means of protection, use a full-face supplied air respirator. Use respirators and components tested and approved under appropriate government standards such as NIOSH (US) or CEN (EU).

Flammable ... .|Dangerous fire hazard when exposed to heat or flame.

Dry powder|To fight fire, use CO2, dry chemical, do not use water.|Wear self-contained breathing apparatus for firefighting if necessary.

Carbon oxides, Hydrogen chloride gas

ACCIDENTAL RELEASE MEASURES; Personal precautions, protective equipment and emergency procedures: Wear respiratory protection. Avoid breathing vapors, mist or gas. Ensure adequate ventilation. Remove all sources of ignition. Evacuate personnel to safe areas. Beware of vapors accumulating to form explosive concentrations. Vapors can accumulate in low areas. Prevent further leakage or spillage if safe to do so. Do not let product enter drains. Contain spillage, and then collect with an electrically protected vacuum cleaner or by wet-brushing and place in container for disposal according to local regulations. Do not flush with water.

ACCIDENTAL RELEASE MEASURES; Personal precautions, protective equipment and emergency procedures: Wear respiratory protection. Avoid breathing vapors, mist or gas. Ensure adequate ventilation. Remove all sources of ignition. Evacuate personnel to safe areas. Beware of vapors accumulating to form explosive concentrations. Vapors can accumulate in low areas. Prevent further leakage or spillage if safe to do so.|Gloves must be inspected prior to use. Use proper glove removal technique (without touching glove's outer surface) to avoid skin contact with this product. Dispose of contaminated gloves after use in accordance with applicable laws and good laboratory practices. Wash and dry hands. Full contact|Avoid contact with skin and eyes. Avoid inhalation of vapor or mist. Use explosion-proof equipment. Keep away from sources of ignition - No smoking. Take measures to prevent the build up of electrostatic charge.|Avoid contact with skin, eyes and clothing. Wash hands before breaks and immediately after handling the product.

If ... THERE IS NO FIRE, go directly to the Table of Initial Isolation and Protective Action Distances /(see table below)/ ... to obtain initial isolation and protective action distances. IF THERE IS A FIRE, or IF A FIRE IS INVOLVED, go directly to the appropriate guide /(see guide(s) below)/ and use the evacuation information shown under PUBLIC SAFETY.|Table of Water-Reactive Materials Which Produce Toxic Gases.|/GUIDE 132 FLAMMABLE LIQUIDS - CORROSIVE/ Fire or Explosion: Flammable/combustible material. May be ignited by heat, sparks or flames. Vapors may form explosive mixtures with air. Vapors may travel to source of ignition and flash back. Most vapors are heavier than air. They will spread along ground and collect in low or confined areas (sewers, basements, tanks). Vapor explosion hazard indoors, outdoors or in sewers. Those substances designated with a (P) may polymerize explosively when heated or involved in a fire. Runoff to sewer may create fire or explosion hazard. Containers may explode when heated. Many liquids are lighter than water.|/GUIDE 132 FLAMMABLE LIQUIDS - CORROSIVE/ Health: May cause toxic effects if inhaled or ingested/swallowed. Contact with substance may cause severe burns to skin and eyes. Fire will produce irritating, corrosive and/or toxic gases. Vapors may cause dizziness or suffocation. Runoff from fire control or dilution water may cause pollution.|For more DOT Emergency Guidelines (Complete) data for Propionyl chloride (10 total), please visit the HSDB record page.

No person may /transport,/ offer or accept a hazardous material for transportation in commerce unless that person is registered in conformance ... and the hazardous material is properly classed, described, packaged, marked, labeled, and in condition for shipment as required or authorized by ... /the hazardous materials regulations (49 CFR 171-177)./|The International Air Transport Association (IATA) Dangerous Goods Regulations are published by the IATA Dangerous Goods Board pursuant to IATA Resolutions 618 and 619 and constitute a manual of industry carrier regulations to be followed by all IATA Member airlines when transporting hazardous materials. Propionyl chloride is included on the dangerous goods list.|The International Maritime Dangerous Goods Code lays down basic principles for transporting hazardous chemicals. Detailed recommendations for individual substances and a number of recommendations for good practice are included in the classes dealing with such substances. A general index of technical names has also been compiled. This index should always be consulted when attempting to locate the appropriate procedures to be used when shipping any substance or article. Propionyl chloride is included on the dangerous goods list.

Strong irritant to skin.|A corrosive irritant to skin, eyes, and mucous membranes.

| 3 - Materials that, under emergency conditions, can cause serious or permanent injury.| 3 - Liquids and solids that can be ignited under almost all ambient temperature conditions. Materials produce hazardous atmospheres with air under almost all ambient temperatures or, though unaffected by ambient temperatures, are readily ignited under almost all conditions.| 2 - Materials that readily undergo violent chemical changes at elevated temperatures and pressures.|W - No water: Materials that react violently or explosively with water.

IDENTIFICATION AND USE: Propionyl chloride is used in chemical synthesis. HUMAN STUDIES: There are no data available. ANIMAL STUDIES: It was corrosive in an eye irritation test in rabbits. In dermal irritation test in rabbits severe necrosis was observed after 1, 5 and 15 min of exposure. Propionyl chloride was negative in mutagenicity test in S. typhimurium strains TA 1535, TA 1537, TA 98 and TA 100 and E. coli WP2 uvr A with and without metabolic activation.

LC50 Rat inhalation 200/mg cu m /4 hrs/|LD50 Rat oral 823 mg/kg|LD50 Mice i.p. 96 mg/kg bw

Propionyl chloride's production and use as a chemical intermediate(1) for the introduction of the propionyl group(e.g., in the production of pharmaceuticals) and for the synthesis of propionate esters may result in its release to the environment through various waste streams(SRC). Propionyl chloride is used as an intermediate in the production of agrochemicals and pharmaceuticals and it serves as an intermediate for dyes, textile auxiliaries and peroxide compounds(3).

TERRESTRIAL FATE: Propionyl chloride reacts vigorously with water to form propionic acid and hydrochloric acid(1); therefore, leaching in soil and volatilization from moist soil are not expected to be important fate processes(SRC). Propionyl chloride is expected to volatilize from dry soil surfaces(SRC) based upon an estimated vapor pressure of 97 mm Hg at 25 °C(SRC), determined from a fragment constant method(2).|AQUATIC FATE: Propionyl chloride reacts vigorously with water to form propionic acid and hydrochloric acid(1). This decomposition reaction will be the dominant fate process in water(SRC).|ATMOSPHERIC FATE: According to a model of gas/particle partitioning of semivolatile organic compounds in the atmosphere(1), propionyl chloride, which has an estimated vapor pressure of 97 mm Hg at 25 °C(SRC), determined from a fragment constant method(2), is expected to exist solely as a vapor in the ambient atmosphere. Vapor-phase propionyl chloride is degraded in the atmosphere by reaction with photochemically-produced hydroxyl radicals(SRC); the half-life for this reaction in air is estimated to be 27 days(SRC), calculated from its rate constant of 5.9X10-13 cu cm/molecule-sec at 25 °C(SRC) that was derived using a structure estimation method(2). Propionyl chloride hydrolyzes in moist air(3) yielding propionic acid and hydrochloric acid(4).

The rate constant for the vapor-phase reaction of propionyl chloride with photochemically-produced hydroxyl radicals has been estimated as 5.9X10-13 cu cm/molecule-sec at 25 °C(SRC) using a structure estimation method(1). This corresponds to an atmospheric half-life of about 27 days at an atmospheric concentration of 5X10+5 hydroxyl radicals per cu cm(1). Propionyl chloride reacts vigorously or violently with water to form propionic acid and hydrochloric acid(2). Based on a scenario where the chemical is spilled into an excess of water (at least 5 fold excess of water), half of the maximum theoretical yield of hydrogen chloride gas will be created in 0.09 minutes(2). Propionyl chloride vapors hydrolyze in moist air(3).

Propionyl chloride reacts vigorously or violently with water to form propionic acid and hydrochloric acid(1); therefore, bioconcentration in aquatic organisms is not expected to be an important fate process(SRC).

Propionyl chloride reacts vigorously or violently with water to form propionic acid and hydrochloric acid(1); therefore, leaching in soil is not expected to be an important fate process(SRC).

Propionyl chloride reacts vigorously or violently with water to form propionic acid and hydrochloric acid(1); therefore, volatilization of propionyl chloride from water or moist soil is not expected to be an important fate process(SRC). Propionyl chloride is expected to volatilize from dry soil surfaces(SRC) based upon an estimated vapor pressure of 97 mm Hg at 25 °C(SRC), determined from a fragment constant method(2).

Occupational exposure to propionyl chloride may occur through inhalation and dermal contact with this compound at workplaces where propionyl chloride is produced or used. Available use data indicate that the general population is not exposed to propionyl chloride. (SRC)

Excerpt from ERG Guide 132 [Flammable Liquids - Corrosive]: May cause toxic effects if inhaled or ingested/swallowed. Contact with substance may cause severe burns to skin and eyes. Fire will produce irritating, corrosive and/or toxic gases. Vapors may cause dizziness or suffocation. Runoff from fire control or dilution water may cause pollution. (ERG, 2016)

Excerpt from ERG Guide 132 [Flammable Liquids - Corrosive]: Ensure that medical personnel are aware of the material(s) involved and take precautions to protect themselves. Move victim to fresh air. Call 911 or emergency medical service. Give artificial respiration if victim is not breathing. Do not use mouth-to-mouth method if victim ingested or inhaled the substance; give artificial respiration with the aid of a pocket mask equipped with a one-way valve or other proper respiratory medical device. Administer oxygen if breathing is difficult. Remove and isolate contaminated clothing and shoes. In case of contact with substance, immediately flush skin or eyes with running water for at least 20 minutes. In case of burns, immediately cool affected skin for as long as possible with cold water. Do not remove clothing if adhering to skin. Keep victim calm and warm. Effects of exposure (inhalation, ingestion or skin contact) to substance may be delayed. (ERG, 2016)

/SRP:/ Immediate first aid: Ensure that adequate decontamination has been carried out. If patient is not breathing, start artificial respiration, preferably with a demand-valve resuscitator, bag-valve-mask device, or pocket mask, as trained. Perform CPR as necessary. Immediately flush contaminated eyes with gently flowing water. Do not induce vomiting. If vomiting occurs, lean patient forward or place on left side (head-down position, if possible) to maintain an open airway and prevent aspiration. Keep patient quiet and maintain normal body temperature. Obtain medical attention. /Halogenated aliphatic hydrocarbons and related compounds/|/SRP:/ Basic treatment: Establish a patent airway (oropharyngeal or nasopharyngeal airway, if needed). Suction if necessary. Watch for signs of respiratory insufficiency and assist ventilations if necessary. Administer oxygen by nonrebreather mask at 10 to 15 L/min. Monitor for pulmonary edema and treat if necessary ... . Monitor for shock and treat if necessary ... . Anticipate seizures and treat if necessary ... . For eye contamination, flush eyes immediately with water. Irrigate each eye continuously with 0.9% saline (NS) during transport ... . Do not use emetics. For ingestion, rinse mouth and administer 5 mL/kg up to 200 mL of water for dilution if the patient can swallow, has a strong gag reflex, and does not drool. Administer activated charcoal ... . Cover skin burns with sterile dressings after decontamination ... . /Halogenated aliphatic hydrocarbons and related compounds/|/SRP:/ Advanced treatment: Consider orotracheal or nasotracheal intubation for airway control in the patient who is unconscious, has severe pulmonary edema, or is in severe respiratory distress. Positive-pressure ventilation techniques with a bag-valve-mask device may be beneficial. Consider drug therapy for pulmonary edema ... . Monitor cardiac rhythm and treat arrhythmias if necessary ... . Start IV administration of D5W /SRP: "To keep open", minimal flow rate/. Use 0.9% saline (NS) or lactated Ringer's (LR) if signs of hypovolemia are present. For hypotension with signs of hypovolemia, administer fluid cautiously. Consider vasopressors if patient is hypotensive with a normal fluid volume. Watch for signs of fluid overload ... .Treat seizures with diazepam or lorazepam ... . Use proparacaine hydrochloride to assist eye irrigation ... . /Halogenated aliphatic hydrocarbons and related compounds/

propanoyl chloride

Propanoyl chloride: ACTIVE

Fire Hazards -> Flammable - 3rd degree, Reactive - 2nd degree