China's energy industry has achieved leapfrog development

Energy is the "blood" of the economy, which is closely related to the fate of New China and records the solid footprints of China's industrial development.

In April 1947, Liu Shaoqi and Zhu De led the CPC to Xibaipo. Due to the lack of power supply, the command center needed to light candles at night, and the power transmission relied on hand-operated generators. In July 1948, a power line was erected from the?? hydropower station to the Central Resident Courtyard of the Communist Party of China in Xibaipo. Xibaipo in the Taihang Depression was illuminated by electric lights for the first time. In the light, ushered in the dawn of new China. Over the past 70 years, China's energy resources have grown from scratch to strength, and achieved great-leap-forward development with historic achievements. At present, the energy supply pattern with coal as the main body, electricity as the center, oil, natural gas and renewable energy as the overall development has been formed. China has also become the world's largest energy consumption country and the world's largest energy producer. The total installed capacity, power grid scale, hydropower installation, wind power installation, photovoltaic installation, coal output and so on are various. The index ranks first in the world. The development of energy has provided solid support and guarantee for the development of national economy and the improvement of people's living standard. Zhou Fengqi, the former director of the Energy Research Institute of the National Development and Reform Commission, was only 12 years old when New China was founded. In his impression, there was very little electricity in people's lives at that time, and lighting power could not be guaranteed in many places. He recalled: "When I came home from primary school, I had to do my homework quickly so that the lights would not be too dim at night."

In 1949, China's energy production was only 23.7 million tons of standard coal, less than 1% of the current level, and the per capita electricity consumption per capita was less than 1 kWh. Most in need is oil. Kerosene in kerosene lamps of every household is imported, so it is also called "foreign oil". Behind the oil shortage is the weakness of New China's petroleum industry. Although the recovery period lasted for three years, by 1953 the annual crude oil production in China was only 435,000 tons, which could only meet one third of the social production demand. In order to reverse the backward situation of the petroleum industry and solve the urgent need of the national economy for energy, Chairman Mao Zedong twice listened to the report of the Ministry of Petroleum Industry during the Spring Festival of 1956, and proposed to carry out extensive petroleum exploration throughout the country. Shortly afterwards, the world-renowned Daqing Oilfield was discovered.

In 1960, 30,000 demobilized officers and soldiers went to Daqing Oilfield, and a great and arduous oil war began. At the beginning of its construction, Daqing Oilfield not only lacked necessary engineering equipment, but also had problems sleeping and eating. Under such circumstances, the battle army represented by "Iron Man" Wang Jinxi carried forward the spirit of "living less than 20 years and striving desperately to win the oil field", overcome difficulties one by one, and compose a heroic song of "I offer oil for the motherland". In December 1963, Zhou Enlai solemnly declared at the Fourth Session of the Second National People's Congress that due to the discovery and establishment of the Daqing Oilfield, China's need for oil has been basically self-sufficient, and the era of Chinese people relying on "foreign oil" has gone forever. Today, China has become the world's largest energy producer, and has basically formed a Multi-wheel-driven energy production system of coal, oil, gas and renewable energy, giving full play to a solid and powerful basic guarantee role. Daqing spirit has also become an important part of the spirit of the Chinese nation, and the iron man spirit has inspired generations to strive unremittingly for the development of China's energy cause.

From serious shortage to strong security is the hard-won result of China's energy industry and the confidence of China's future economic development. In the early 1980s, there was a strange phenomenon in many parts of our country: enterprises can only open three or stop four days, that is, three days a week and four days a week. When Zhang Fengxiang, Vice Minister of the Ministry of Water Resources and Electricity, was carrying out his new duties, the biggest problem facing the whole country was lack of electricity. To what extent is lack of electricity? Taking Beijing as an example, the capital city often pulls the gate to limit electricity. The relevant departments often put "1234567" on their lips, that is, power supply classification. Only the most important users can guarantee 7 days of electricity. And "56789", people have to be at 5:00, 6:00... The rush hour is staggered at 9 o'clock.

In order to alleviate the power shortage, China has opened up a channel for raising funds to run electricity. In December 1981, Longkou Power Plant in Yantai, Shandong Province, China's first state-and local-funded power enterprise, opened the curtain of China's electric power system reform. Since the founding of New China 70 years ago, every leap in energy industry has been closely related to reform. Ministry of Fuel Industry, Ministry of Coal, Ministry of Water Conservancy and Electricity, State Energy Administration... The 70-year history of new China's energy development is also the history of system reform, closely followed by the ever-lasting and difficult exploration of the energy industry: the coal industry implements production contractual management, the first introduction of fund-raising to run electricity in 1981, and the petroleum industry implements 100 million tons of crude oil production contracted out.

Great achievements can not be achieved without constant innovation in energy science and technology. Zhang Guobao, former director of the State Energy Administration, recalled his experience working in the Mechatronics Bureau in the early 1980s, when China made great achievements.